Judged: two independent readers; copy check clear.
normative science
normative science A normative science is a field of inquiry concerned with ideals, standards, or rules by which human conduct is judged, rather than only with describing what people in fact do.
A normative science is a field of inquiry concerned with ideals, standards, or rules by which human conduct is judged, rather than only with describing what people in fact do. In this usage, ethics is called normative because it studies good and right conduct in relation to an ideal that can guide judgment and practice.