Reviewed: one independent reader; copy check clear.
closed system
closed system In this historical mind–body usage, a closed system is a process or set of bodily changes treated as complete in itself, so that an accompanying mental event does not alter its course.
In this historical mind–body usage, a closed system is a process or set of bodily changes treated as complete in itself, so that an accompanying mental event does not alter its course. In the epiphenomenal view described here, brain changes are called a closed system because consciousness is taken to arise alongside them without acting back on them.