Judged: two independent readers; copy check clear.
bias
bias Bias is a departure of findings or conclusions from what is true, or the kinds of processes that produce that departure.
Bias is a departure of findings or conclusions from what is true, or the kinds of processes that produce that departure. In research or assessment, it can arise from systematic measurement error, problems in study design, or flawed data collection, analysis, or interpretation, and it does not necessarily mean personal prejudice.