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diagnosis

Judged: two independent readers; copy check clear.

alcohol dependence

alcohol dependence Alcohol dependence is a chronic primary disease shaped by genetic, psychosocial, and environmental influences.

Alcohol dependence is a chronic primary disease shaped by genetic, psychosocial, and environmental influences. It involves impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with alcohol, continued use despite harmful consequences, and distorted thinking such as denial, and it may be ongoing or occur in periods.