{"dropped":[{"id":"aa","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Hemoglobin Alpha cis-Deletion Genotype” (C185512).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"fbdb17fd90fff2ab851142ad5c5c8bc51b4a651200b0ae263d67a7431be3a7e9","record_id":"C185512","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"AA"},{"id":"aaas","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “AAAS Gene” (C190640).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"9d0722f5fa084bbef2c0c7830b8049a3ef4936fa7d38c2fca0644f2920cf9617","record_id":"C190640","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"AAAS"},{"id":"aacs","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Squeezed Red Blood Cells Expressing HPV16 Epitopes SQZ-AAC-HPV” (C184978).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"990bf28b61d077cace62cdccec518874cd7f8c50cf96021dff8af1b58b4e06a7","record_id":"C184978","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"AACS"},{"id":"aamr","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Alacrima, Achalasia, and Impaired Intellectual Development Syndrome” (C202544).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7eb28e582b4e06d7420689212761b19e8c290bc7fc53d5799b6c0778aa04bf3a","record_id":"C202544","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"AAMR"},{"id":"aap","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Alanine Aminopeptidase Measurement” (C100430).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"d3de83c19dd1f3b7842c8f4d0b6181666c7b582329ef50351fc825458ccdc89b","record_id":"C100430","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"AAP"},{"id":"abandonment","reason":"Adds the unsupported detail that abandonment means leaving an older person without needed care or support; the packet only says ‘abandonment of the older person’ as part of elder abuse.; The definition narrows the agents to family members or institutional staff, while the packet says ‘generally by family members or by institutional personnel’ and does not require that framing as part of the definition.; The packet does not define abandonment as “leaving an older person without needed care or support”; it only lists “abandonment” as one of several forms of elder abuse alongside maltreatment and exploitation without providing a separate meaning.; While the packet supports that elder abuse (including abandonment) is generally by “family members or … institutional personnel,” the definition’s specific phrasing about leaving without needed care/support is not directly supported by the provided packet text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Elder Abuse” (D004552).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"858248d1ab52caf7de787d188b3104be6b7379f8272aa48963ef565a711032c1","record_id":"D004552","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D004552"}],"status":"dropped","term":"abandonment"},{"id":"abatement","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. 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Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Abdominal Migraine” (C113482).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"feb7c4d982c5368c83c550b9eb4f4b0d4ebc03b35f232af897efaa2b1089eb46","record_id":"C113482","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"abdominal migraine"},{"id":"abilify","reason":"Because the definition’s requested sense/identification (“Abilify” = brand name for aripiprazole) is not supported verbatim by the packet, the definition contains an unsupported claim.; The definition presents a brand-name relationship that is not established in the supplied source packet, so the requested sense is not fully supported.; The packet supports aripiprazole as an atypical antipsychotic and its use for schizophrenia and acute manic or mixed episodes in bipolar I disorder, but it does not support the claim that Abilify is the brand name for aripiprazole.; The packet text does not explicitly state that “Abilify” is the brand name for aripiprazole; it only describes aripiprazole directly (“Aripiprazole has partial agonistic activity…”).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Aripiprazole” (C47403).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"009b570349771f181a6b41225efb2062bed09b71bc34b7623b57aea486c2cb64","record_id":"C47403","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Abilify"},{"id":"abiotic","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. 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Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Ablation Therapy” (C20985).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c6c930237a575661707ac08e1cad85675ad6f6478eaef377025b3812103a197a","record_id":"C20985","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"ablation"},{"id":"abnormality","reason":"The definition frames the term as specifically used in psychology or counselling, but the supplied source only supports the general descriptor and does not establish that narrower field sense.; The definition’s second sentence (“In psychology or counselling…outside what is typical for that individual.”) is not supported anywhere in the provided packet.; The packet only defines abnormality as “A condition that differs from the usual physical or mental state.”; The second sentence adds an unsupported individual-level gloss (“outside what is typical for that individual”); the packet only supports a general difference from the usual physical or mental state.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Abnormality” (C9440).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c44f4f039701dd7f1e85d1f6f674cb613a1ba7e1f9b789e316c4d3df7d06dcb4","record_id":"C9440","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"abnormality"},{"id":"abortifacient","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Carboprost” (D002260).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"df6515cb5c986dd7064c30da23b643fa8891bc921b2cdcb640288613478dd46f","record_id":"D002260","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D002260"}],"status":"dropped","term":"abortifacient"},{"id":"abortion","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Abortion Finding” (C35221).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e55a3ec13b1cf8d4f472a2bda7c154adf27403508ec9fc191c96a0bd5435af05","record_id":"C35221","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"abortion"},{"id":"abscess","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Abscess” (D000038).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"44e5ae68793f172fbb891d2d19fdd36b9f93ef3b2d51459ba92cd846f133ea82","record_id":"D000038","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000038"}],"status":"dropped","term":"abscess"},{"id":"absolute-impression","reason":"The definition’s specific phrasing about “earlier stage in the formation of judgment” is not explicitly supported in the supplied packet text.; The packet only contains a brief reference to “absolute impression” as a starting stage “from 'absolute impression' to true 'comparison'.” It does not state that it is “an initial, direct experience taken as it first appears,” nor that it occurs “before the mind has developed a true act of comparing one thing with another.”; The packet only supports that ‘absolute impression’ is contrasted with ‘true comparison’ in the development of judgment; it does not define it as an ‘initial, direct experience’ or as a specific stage in which the mind has not yet developed comparison.; The wording ‘earlier stage in the formation of judgment’ goes beyond the source’s limited mention of tracing development from ‘absolute impression’ to true ‘comparison’; the source does not explicitly supply this fuller developmental definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Titchener, The Schema of Introspection, 1912. 1912 American Journal of Psychology 23, 485–508. “Titchener, The Schema of Introspection, 1912” (3df3e717981e5484759c).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Titchener/introspection.htm","packet_hash":"ea1cec6a4e53e92937a837bdfe1e7a435f85a10b09f73b8e23157e5d76536ae6","record_id":"3df3e717981e5484759c","revision":"1912 American Journal of Psychology 23, 485–508","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"titchener-1912","source_snapshot_sha256":"15d93d9faaa326925c93cf8247a5a7f8e5853625b43a7d3f968b0109f65348fa","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Titchener/introspection.htm"}],"status":"dropped","term":"absolute impression"},{"id":"absolute","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Absolute” (C45829).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"91d40d22ea5015334f32e57e8b291b963249479bcb0d383e2343ebee959718d6","record_id":"C45829","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"absolute"},{"id":"absorption","reason":"The pinned source packet does not establish a psychology, counselling, neural, educational, ethical or research-method context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. 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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Natural Family Planning Methods” (D012252).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"f9e09453f1669940a34545cf98a25260197d6fba8204709584e8ba8e05a90a48","record_id":"D012252","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012252"}],"status":"dropped","term":"abstinence"},{"id":"abstract-intelligence","reason":"The definition adds a gloss about “nous” that is not explicitly given in the packet (the packet uses vovs), so that identification is not securely supported from the supplied source alone.; The packet does not support the claim that “abstract intelligence means reason considered in its pure or general form.” It only mentions “abstract intelligence or reason” in a comparison with Logos, without defining it as “pure or general form.”; The packet’s Greek reference is fragmentary (“In Greek thought the term vovs stood for …”), and it does not clearly establish the full “linked with the Greek idea of nous” framing as written in the definition.; The phrase “reason considered in its pure or general form” is not supported by the packet; the source only says that in Greek thought vovs stood for “abstract intelligence or reason.”; While the packet does contrast it with Logos (“abstract intelligence or reason” vs “Logos represented reason manifesting itself”), the provided definition adds extra characterization (“reason as it is expressed or active”) that is not explicitly stated in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-4588500-4600500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"638d21705fe3d740aaffe0a39d1520897bcc39c71b54ae5954a8e1ba3d0ca2bb","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-4588500-4600500","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"abstract intelligence"},{"id":"abuse-potential","reason":"The definition adds an unsupported meaning—that the category indicates how likely a drug is to be misused or abused; the packet only says the category is assigned to an active ingredient or combination of active ingredients.; The definition’s characterization of “misused or abused” likelihood is an unsupported elaboration relative to the provided packet.; The packet text describes an “abuse potential category” to which an active ingredient (or combination) is assigned, regulated by DEA and FDA, but it does not state that the category indicates “how likely” the ingredient is to be misused or abused.; The phrase about U.S. oversight by the DEA and FDA is close, but the packet states it is regulated by both agencies, not that they assign it under oversight in the way stated.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. 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It only mentions “a 5-minute accommodation time” in the context of recommended experimental timing.; The requested field is not supported by the packet: this source uses “accommodation time” in an experimental zebrafish movement test, not in an ethics/counselling sense.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Szep David; Dittrich Bianka; Gorbe Aniko; Szentpeteri Jozsef L.; Aly Nour; Jin Meng; Budan Ferenc; Sik Attila. 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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Accreditation” (D000068).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"51b07d648a4acbcba26a3bdfef53d3ea29087b48b11c7ff27b67ea6d32a3733e","record_id":"D000068","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000068"}],"status":"dropped","term":"accreditation"},{"id":"achievement-level","reason":"The definition’s claim that achievement level “is treated as an individual difference” is not explicitly stated in the provided packet; the packet reports it as having a moderating effect but does not describe it as an individual-differences construct.; The packet does not explicitly define “achievement level” as a student’s “degree of academic success or performance”; it only mentions an “Academic Achievement Level Questionnaire” and a “moderating role” of academic achievement level without giving a definitional description.; The packet supports that academic achievement level moderated the link between perceived social support and career adaptability, but it does not state that this variable is an “individual difference” in the definitional sense used here.; The packet uses the term as “academic achievement level” and reports it as a moderator, but it does not explicitly define achievement level as a student’s degree of academic success or performance.; While the packet does support that academic achievement level moderates the relationship between perceived social support and career adaptability, the definition also adds additional framing (“change how strongly social support relates to career adaptability”) that is only partially supported via the moderation claim and is not stated in that exact interpretive wording.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Wang Huiyan; Lu Feng; Liu Shaoying. 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The influence of Social Media Use of older adults on the Exercise Habits: The chain mediating effects of active coping strategies and perceived social support. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0348566; article XML SHA-256 5737e6d3902e30b2c0b22dfa9bd4074f6bf43ee6443bdfc5c179bb60808b83c1. “The influence of Social Media Use of older adults on the Exercise Habits: The chain mediating effects of active coping strategies and perceived social support” (10.1371/journal.pone.0348566).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"41666db29d3d94e9fa35937c19604947891d5709c5fef672da09e8d8bb6d90fa","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348566","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0348566; article XML SHA-256 5737e6d3902e30b2c0b22dfa9bd4074f6bf43ee6443bdfc5c179bb60808b83c1","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13160334","source_snapshot_sha256":"5737e6d3902e30b2c0b22dfa9bd4074f6bf43ee6443bdfc5c179bb60808b83c1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0348566"}],"status":"dropped","term":"active coping"},{"id":"active-touch","reason":"The packet supports a distinction where “contact sense” and “pselaphesia” correspond roughly to passive and active touch, but it does not define “active touch” as “touch that involves active exploration.”; The wording should not present the older historical account as a general or current clinical/psychological definition beyond the packet’s historical terminology.; “Active exploration” is not supported by the source packet; the packet only says Dessoir’s subdivision corresponded roughly to passive and active touch.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Haptics” (Haptics).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"3d68c3cdaecebc4f1e48d00cc77f86b870b5885714cafac0afe029cd0da3f3c7","record_id":"Haptics","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"64e624c62e14a4e65cf5dd67b09c4191acde5d9e951d5e534143fed35759fddd","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/H1defs.htm#Haptics"}],"status":"dropped","term":"active touch"},{"id":"acute-depression","reason":"The comparison to “elevated MMPI scores across several distress-related and psychopathology-related scales” is supported in substance, but the wording is a broad paraphrase that adds interpretive grouping not stated in the source.; The packet does not provide a definition of “acute depression” as a “current, active state” or explicitly contrast it with “remitted depression” in those terms; it only uses “acute depression” as a study group label.; The packet supports that patients with acute depression showed similarly high MMPI scores on multiple scales, but it does not support the categorization of those scales as specifically “distress-related and psychopathology-related.”; The packet uses “acute depression” as a study group label, but it does not explicitly define the term as a current, active state of depression or contrast it as a clinical sense with remitted depression.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Suzuki Masatoshi; Takahashi Michio; Muneoka Katsumasa; Sato Koichi; Hashimoto Kenji; Shirayama Yukihiko. A Study of Remitted and Treatment-Resistant Depression Using MMPI and Including Pessimism and Optimism Scales. 2014; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109137; article XML SHA-256 bab352bcc032f7e5878ed880e680ec9d4b30bb98b7388e167ab396521de8c567. “A Study of Remitted and Treatment-Resistant Depression Using MMPI and Including Pessimism and Optimism Scales” (10.1371/journal.pone.0109137).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"1ae6325c32b3aca8c3f3ad499c6dcf8a825aa4821f07cabf7a416409c4fb957d","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0109137","revision":"2014; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109137; article XML SHA-256 bab352bcc032f7e5878ed880e680ec9d4b30bb98b7388e167ab396521de8c567","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc4184846","source_snapshot_sha256":"bab352bcc032f7e5878ed880e680ec9d4b30bb98b7388e167ab396521de8c567","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0109137"}],"status":"dropped","term":"acute depression"},{"id":"ad-litem","reason":"The definition’s first sentence (“acting for the purposes of a particular legal case”) is not stated in the supplied packet; the packet only shows examples of appointment “to act as guardian ad litem,” without explicitly defining the general purpose as “for the purposes of a particular legal case.”; The definition’s second sentence says the guardian ad litem represents someone “who is insane in proceedings when that person cannot act for himself or herself”; while the packet supports appointment of a “guardian ad litem” in connection with a party who is “still insane” (e.g., “sui juris, but still insane, though not found lunatic”) and an example where a person was appointed due to alleged insanity, it does not explicitly state the condition that the person “cannot act for himself or herself.”; The opening gloss generalizes beyond the source text; the packet does not explicitly define ad litem, only gives examples of a guardian ad litem in insanity-related proceedings.; The packet supports only the phrase in context, “curator or guardian ad litem,” not a standalone definition of ad litem as “acting for the purposes of a particular legal case.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-315000-327000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"95e7d4ea41fbc22c4c1e5e2ed764dd00e1ace80c47b7d3461469c20537f888e1","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-315000-327000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"33038e8e84860e0b9fb5c5a641f89b23a9a7cf4e7757d4aac532fb6af44cee85","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"ad litem"},{"id":"adaptability","reason":"The packet content describes an “Adaptability Scale” (a rating scale) that measures adaptability, but the definition does not mention this scale and instead generalizes that adaptability “can be assessed as a characteristic.”; The provided packet supports measuring “the ability of the subject to adapt readily to changes in the environment,” but it does not support the specific framing that adaptability is assessed “as a characteristic of how well a person responds to changing situations.”; The second sentence is unsupported: the packet only says adaptability is measured by a rating scale in the Behavior Assessment System for Children, not that it is generally assessed in psychology as a characteristic of how well a person responds to changing situations.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Adaptability Scale” (C121295).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b28f6ba58b985f100b7f5c976b19c6eae86fd20a31e9c276d5367eacd68fd9a4","record_id":"C121295","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"adaptability"},{"id":"adaptive-behavior-scale","reason":"The added generalization to “autism research and clinical outcome tracking” is broader than what the packet states and is not supported as a definition of the term.; The definition claims the scale is used in “clinical outcome tracking,” but the packet only describes using VABS-3 as input for a cost-effectiveness model (baseline VABS-3 and monthly VABS-3 changes), not outcome tracking in a clinical sense.; The definition is placed under the field “diagnosis,” but the packet describes VABS-3 as an input reflecting adaptive behavior outcomes in an autism model, not as a diagnostic concept or diagnostic criterion.; The packet supports use of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS-3) as an input for baseline functioning and monthly change in an autism-spectrum-disorder outcomes model, but it does not define “adaptive behavior scale” as a general assessment measure.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Borre Ethan D; Myers Evan; Hamilton Lopez Marianne; Kurtzberg Joanne; Shaz Beth; Troy Jesse; Sanders Schmidler Gillian D. The potential cost-effectiveness of novel cord blood therapies in children with autism spectrum disorder. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0282906; article XML SHA-256 4bcd28154bb2d5e9630e0f367430fe7f56487bbcb2ee7bf9b7bf59aac2cf7ea1. “The potential cost-effectiveness of novel cord blood therapies in children with autism spectrum disorder” (10.1371/journal.pone.0282906).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7a9742f12c85b8c51d4613ccede1660cde6f7e859333c997475c4381296d9226","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0282906","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0282906; article XML SHA-256 4bcd28154bb2d5e9630e0f367430fe7f56487bbcb2ee7bf9b7bf59aac2cf7ea1","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10112778","source_snapshot_sha256":"4bcd28154bb2d5e9630e0f367430fe7f56487bbcb2ee7bf9b7bf59aac2cf7ea1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282906"}],"status":"dropped","term":"adaptive behavior scale"},{"id":"adequate-sample","reason":"Because the packet does not present the underlying content, the requested sense of “adequate sample” cannot be verified against the packet.; The claim that adequacy in qualitative work is commonly judged by whether additional interviews stop adding important new information or meaning is not stated in the supplied text; the passage only lists related references, so this support is insufficient.; The definition’s claims (e.g., that adequacy means being large/appropriate enough to answer the study question credibly, and that qualitative adequacy is judged by whether further interviews add no new information/meaning) are not supported by any substantive statements in the supplied packet text.; The packet excerpt provided contains only bibliographic references and does not include any definition or explanatory text stating what “an adequate sample” is.; The packet text shown does not define “adequate sample” as a large and appropriate-enough group to answer a study question credibly; that wording is not supported by the supplied passage.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"BMC: Characterising and justifying sample size sufficiency in interview-based studies. Version of record 2018-11-21; DOI 10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7. “Characterising and justifying sample size sufficiency” (05ea0554db4e6d0f11b4).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"34699d7a724b516cdff5d6281c725262e563490f7afcb6db132233a69e5d9dcc","record_id":"05ea0554db4e6d0f11b4","revision":"Version of record 2018-11-21; DOI 10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"bmc","source_snapshot_sha256":"1f6fe691baa1384ea433b1d0f18da3b81e9dd580f95743fabfd165cf04ed1285","url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7"}],"status":"dropped","term":"adequate sample"},{"id":"adjustment-inventory","reason":"The claim that the definition applies specifically as a generic description of an “adjustment inventory” is not directly supported by the packet’s text.; The claim that the subscale was used to measure 'social adjustment' is supported, but the broader definition goes beyond the packet and is too general for this source alone.; The packet does not define an “adjustment inventory” as assessing “how well a person is adapting” or describe “areas of functioning” beyond mentioning the “social adjustment subscale” of the Bell Adjustment Inventory.; The packet supports only that the study used the social adjustment subscale of the Bell Adjustment Inventory; it does not define an 'adjustment inventory' as a general questionnaire for assessing adaptation.; The packet supports that the study used the “social adjustment subscale of the Bell Adjustment Inventory” and measured “social adjustment,” but it does not support the broader wording about adaptation or functioning as the definition’s requested sense for “adjustment inventory.”; The statement that the Bell Adjustment Inventory is an example of an adjustment inventory is not directly supported by the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Asadi Mitra; Yoosefi Somayeh. Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the machiavellian personality scale and its association with social adjustment and risky behaviors in Iranian college students. 2023; DOI 10.1186/s12888-023-05177-x; article XML SHA-256 c3b2ff77caa5ef0450761291c4e134bbccf2ced56b13a7685b15e57d929e1262. “Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the machiavellian personality scale and its association with social adjustment and risky behaviors in Iranian college students” (10.1186/s12888-023-05177-x).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"17b08023b3c5e4d3d0135406511f0d6d7c92f15aa7c577fcfa8c5e1aafe39486","record_id":"10.1186/s12888-023-05177-x","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1186/s12888-023-05177-x; article XML SHA-256 c3b2ff77caa5ef0450761291c4e134bbccf2ced56b13a7685b15e57d929e1262","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10521433","source_snapshot_sha256":"c3b2ff77caa5ef0450761291c4e134bbccf2ced56b13a7685b15e57d929e1262","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05177-x"}],"status":"dropped","term":"adjustment inventory"},{"id":"adreno","reason":"Because the packet does not substantiate the requested sense of the term (“adreno-” as a prefix), the definition’s biological/general claim is not supported by the supplied text.; The definition asserts that “Adreno- is a prefix referring to the adrenal system” (including the adrenal cortex or adrenal hormone activity), but the provided packet does not explicitly define “adreno-” as a prefix or state its linguistic meaning. It only uses the phrase “adreno-cortical axis” in describing etomidate’s effects.; The packet only shows the form in the term “adreno-cortical axis” and related discussion of adrenal suppression/cortisol; it does not support the broader dictionary claim that adreno- generally means the adrenal system, adrenal cortex, or adrenal hormone activity.; The statement that this packet’s use “involves cortisol production” goes beyond the packet, which discusses cortisol suppression/levels rather than defining a prefix meaning or a production pathway.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Panahi Jafar Rahimi; Paknezhad Seyed Pouya; vahedi Amir; Shahsavarinia Kavous; Laleh Manuchehr Ruhi; Soleimanpour Hassan. Effect of vitamin C on adrenal suppression following etomidate for rapid sequence induction in trauma patients: a randomized clinical trial. 2023; DOI 10.1186/s12871-023-02065-5; article XML SHA-256 dc65dcec7c49026fd8aa7ab9214ae0216823d4b28c6dd61ae6d93e2c5d392a0a. “Effect of vitamin C on adrenal suppression following etomidate for rapid sequence induction in trauma patients: a randomized clinical trial” (10.1186/s12871-023-02065-5).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"4565e743954e48b11a2081c17af1020f41b8860e0b5e7090d4d4f38e31a184d4","record_id":"10.1186/s12871-023-02065-5","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1186/s12871-023-02065-5; article XML SHA-256 dc65dcec7c49026fd8aa7ab9214ae0216823d4b28c6dd61ae6d93e2c5d392a0a","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10067157","source_snapshot_sha256":"dc65dcec7c49026fd8aa7ab9214ae0216823d4b28c6dd61ae6d93e2c5d392a0a","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-023-02065-5"}],"status":"dropped","term":"adreno-"},{"id":"advice-giving","reason":"The definition generalizes beyond the source’s infertility context; the packet only supports that advice-giving was reported by women as an unhelpful interaction, not a broader dictionary sense.; The definition’s claim about the sense in this source (“identified as an unhelpful form of support when women discussing infertility experience such comments as upsetting rather than comforting”) is only partially supported: the packet says advice-giving is one of the categories of unsupportive interactions, but it does not directly state that “advice-giving” comments are “upsetting rather than comforting” in the quoted formulation.; The definition’s first sentence (“responds by offering suggestions or guidance”) is not explicitly supported in the provided packet; the packet labels “Advice-giving” as an unhelpful interaction category but does not define what it entails.; The packet identifies “Advice-giving” as a category of unsupportive social interactions, but it does not define the term as a general type of social interaction involving suggestions or guidance.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Balsom Ashley A; Dube Loveness; Gordon Jennifer L. What women want to hear: the helpful and unhelpful comments reported by women struggling with infertility amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0318921; article XML SHA-256 e7beb72e4d68a4d1142682d815f5e47660940140116d0038d579cafb566bf2cb. “What women want to hear: the helpful and unhelpful comments reported by women struggling with infertility amidst the COVID-19 pandemic” (10.1371/journal.pone.0318921).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"515d2285aaf09582938e7737679b4226eacd76b015b594c5c63e057f6305c6bc","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0318921","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0318921; article XML SHA-256 e7beb72e4d68a4d1142682d815f5e47660940140116d0038d579cafb566bf2cb","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11856580","source_snapshot_sha256":"e7beb72e4d68a4d1142682d815f5e47660940140116d0038d579cafb566bf2cb","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318921"}],"status":"dropped","term":"advice giving"},{"id":"aerial-perspective","reason":"The definition adds explanatory wording that goes beyond the source’s wording rather than staying close to the historical sense supplied.; The packet does not explicitly define “aerial perspective” as “a secondary monocular cue used in judging visual depth or distance” in those exact terms; it only states that it is among monocular criteria for depth/distance and that these are secondary. While the overall idea aligns, the definition includes additional mechanistic detail not present in the packet.; The packet supports that “aërial perspective” is a monocular criterion and that such criteria are “secondary” and “not very reliable,” but it does not describe “atmospheric-looking changes” as the mechanism. The definition’s wording about atmospheric changes is therefore not supported by the packet.; The phrase “atmospheric-looking changes in how things appear” is not supported by the packet; the source only lists “aërial perspective” as a secondary monocular criterion, without defining it in those terms.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Depth or Distance, Visual (perception of)” (Depth or Distance, Visual (perception of)).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"a69db7fd870874b416edee7a247c32bbd465f9a44701715c14ff78741bc0f3fe","record_id":"Depth or Distance, Visual (perception of)","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"08d41be0452624d395f90f1dd42283fbb21304db9914d3e91ed61f0786ef092b","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/D1defs.htm#Depth or Distance, Visual (perception of)"}],"status":"dropped","term":"aerial perspective"},{"id":"aesthetic-appreciation","reason":"Because the definition’s first substantive clause (“the kind of favorable response used in contrast with moral approbation”) is not explicitly supported in the provided text, the overall definition is not fully defensible from the packet.; The packet does not define “aesthetic appreciation” itself as a “kind of favorable response”; it only gives a definition of “moral approbation” and then states a contrast/differentia involving merit or demerit.; The packet only supplies a contrast with moral approbation; it does not directly define aesthetic appreciation as a “favorable response,” so that substantive characterization is unsupported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Approbation” (Approbation).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"c01f9ab4799fd7de89abb66b30ba4b4ed616a11d9b472a90e1d143d7921f173a","record_id":"Approbation","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4927c23af9f8634f81fb0f69aa3aeaf9cbb28d0eb46fd02788ecd81d7864600","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A4defs.htm#Approbation"}],"status":"dropped","term":"aesthetic appreciation"},{"id":"affective-well-being","reason":"Because the first sentence provides a broad, general characterization not directly supported by the packet text, the overall definition is not fully supported by the supplied source packet.; The definition’s first sentence (“A person’s immediate emotional state or quality of feeling in a given setting”) is not explicitly defined in the provided packet; the packet only discusses “momentary affective well-being” and ratings after viewing scenes, without giving a general definition of the term.; The packet uses the term as an outcome measure but does not define it as a general construct meaning a person’s immediate emotional state or quality of feeling in a given setting.; The second sentence narrows the sense to this study, but the opening sentence presents a broader definitional claim that is not supported by the source text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zhu Weixin; Yu Yi. Nature-inspired visual interventions in metro stations and commuters’ affective well-being: the mediating roles of perceived crowding and environmental comfort. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1901802; article XML SHA-256 fa15b7f61fe8b218849ead28760b868794630b86f7c88278330673d4bde99884. “Nature-inspired visual interventions in metro stations and commuters’ affective well-being: the mediating roles of perceived crowding and environmental comfort” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1901802).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"cf5cde81fe34652381857f2c56b2014fc4a0d80eae62c9a582351ce9382c27bb","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1901802","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1901802; article XML SHA-256 fa15b7f61fe8b218849ead28760b868794630b86f7c88278330673d4bde99884","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13481186","source_snapshot_sha256":"fa15b7f61fe8b218849ead28760b868794630b86f7c88278330673d4bde99884","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1901802"}],"status":"dropped","term":"affective well-being"},{"id":"age-effect","reason":"The packet discusses the “relative age effect (RAE)” specifically, but it does not support that the term “age effect” (as such) “can refer to” the relative age effect.; The packet supports relative age effect in sports selection contexts, but not the broader claim that this definition applies in learning contexts.; The rest of the definition is largely supported, but the field framing is not fully matched by the source packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Grund Thomas Ulrich. Cross-national and historical variation in relative age effects in professional football. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0354928; article XML SHA-256 a1e96c41ebd6dfc94f0bf4b1a079a4dac4fb2bc3444752e087fda81650815c5a. “Cross-national and historical variation in relative age effects in professional football” (10.1371/journal.pone.0354928).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b55ed00020f54a0d8fbab8ab54f86d9f4b5c480c8c64f54794ac376e3a852cde","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0354928","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0354928; article XML SHA-256 a1e96c41ebd6dfc94f0bf4b1a079a4dac4fb2bc3444752e087fda81650815c5a","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13630218","source_snapshot_sha256":"a1e96c41ebd6dfc94f0bf4b1a079a4dac4fb2bc3444752e087fda81650815c5a","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0354928"}],"status":"dropped","term":"age effect"},{"id":"age-norm","reason":"Claims in the definition about “level of performance expected” and “typical for others of the same age” are not explicitly stated in the provided packet text.; The packet uses the phrase “below age norm” but does not define what an “age norm” is (e.g., how the norm is determined or what “typical” means).; The packet uses the phrase “below age norm” but does not define “age norm” as the expected level of performance for a particular age group or explain it in terms of comparing a score with what is typical for same-age peers.; The proposed definition adds an interpretive gloss about what it means to be “below age norm” that is not supported by the source text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Socher Michaela; Lyxell Björn; Ellis Rachel; Gärskog Malin; Hedström Ingrid; Wass Malin. Pragmatic Language Skills: A Comparison of Children With Cochlear Implants and Children Without Hearing Loss. 2019; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02243; article XML SHA-256 7cdb233ddf703cff9bc15129e48c3450cb4f4e4a48c42d67cf408c6e88b4b6b1. “Pragmatic Language Skills: A Comparison of Children With Cochlear Implants and Children Without Hearing Loss” (10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02243).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2eadd15312085a3ef32add7ce3ead8c1a65ce8ba79a6c030ba67f4ada221fc5e","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02243","revision":"2019; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02243; article XML SHA-256 7cdb233ddf703cff9bc15129e48c3450cb4f4e4a48c42d67cf408c6e88b4b6b1","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc6794448","source_snapshot_sha256":"7cdb233ddf703cff9bc15129e48c3450cb4f4e4a48c42d67cf408c6e88b4b6b1","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02243"}],"status":"dropped","term":"age norm"},{"id":"agitation","reason":"The definition broadens the packet’s causes beyond support by saying “substance withdrawal” and “drug use”; the packet specifies only alcohol and nicotine withdrawal, and cocaine and hallucinogenic drugs use.; The definition uses broader categories (“substance withdrawal or drug use”) than what the packet explicitly lists (specifically “alcohol and nicotine withdrawal” and “cocaine and hallucinogenic drugs use”).; The definition’s cause list includes terms (“substance withdrawal” / “drug use”) that are not directly supported by the packet’s specific wording, making part of the definition an unsupported generalization.; The rest of the definition is generally supported, but the unsupported causal generalization is enough to fail under the requested standard.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Agitation” (C79530).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"0eeb8a9ef3336ab343787326fd53a71279a9ff993e940d06a8df8e3b19f6da99","record_id":"C79530","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"agitation"},{"id":"agoraphobia","reason":"The definition omits the packet’s “Obsessive” qualifier, so the characterization is not fully supported by the supplied text.; The packet defines the fear as “Obsessive, persistent, intense” and specifically “from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing,” but the provided definition changes this by adding “overwhelming, recurring fear,” which is not stated in the packet.; The phrase \"recurring fear\" is not supported by the packet; the source describes agoraphobia as an obsessive, persistent, intense fear, but does not state that the fear is recurring.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Agoraphobia” (D000379).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"903a6bb4afb4feb3887f811fca49754bcd039570631c765e79e60ded3f43d8cf","record_id":"D000379","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000379"}],"status":"dropped","term":"agoraphobia"},{"id":"air-traffic-control","reason":"The definition’s phrase “In psychology and human-factors research, it is often discussed” is not directly supported by the packet; the packet provides evidence from specific studies rather than showing frequency (“often”) of discussion.; The phrase “often discussed” overgeneralizes beyond the single supplied article; the packet supports one study of task interruption and situation awareness in air traffic control, not a broader frequency claim.; “Heavy demands on attention” is only indirectly supported by the packet’s discussion of interruptions causing attention switching; the definition goes beyond what is explicitly established in the source.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zhou Kun; Wang Chenglong; Xie Siqi; Zhou Yanan; Zhang Xuelong; Wang Yanqing; Tang Hui. Effect of task interruption on the situation awareness of air traffic controllers. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0314183; article XML SHA-256 c0d1ad9536c6fc18bbbb2bc42e9ec52bb7199cc6a9aeff1a6076b81d715513b7. “Effect of task interruption on the situation awareness of air traffic controllers” (10.1371/journal.pone.0314183).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"8dcbf149f78027e1c660be7b1203d79bfcd8baf05c3080f07d935541c301bd67","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0314183","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0314183; article XML SHA-256 c0d1ad9536c6fc18bbbb2bc42e9ec52bb7199cc6a9aeff1a6076b81d715513b7","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11584075","source_snapshot_sha256":"c0d1ad9536c6fc18bbbb2bc42e9ec52bb7199cc6a9aeff1a6076b81d715513b7","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0314183"}],"status":"dropped","term":"air traffic control"},{"id":"aldomet","reason":"The packet does not state that “Aldomet” is a brand name for methyldopa, so that part of the definition is unsupported by the provided source text.; The packet supports methyldopa’s antihypertensive action and its central metabolism to alpha-methylnorepinephrine, but it does not state that Aldomet is a brand name for methyldopa.; While the packet supports that methyldopa is metabolized in the central nervous system and that its antihypertensive action involves decreased sympathetic outflow (via conversion to alpha-methylnorepinephrine and stimulation of central alpha-2 adrenergic receptors), the overall definition is rejected because the brand-name claim is not supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Methyldopa” (C47616).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"94e6ac518514c28dda14a290b688685b9c1d7e48a27c8c5412e9a4eed55f69ef","record_id":"C47616","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Aldomet"},{"id":"algedonic-aesthetics","reason":"The definition’s phrase “aesthetic experience is considered in relation to feelings of pleasure and suffering” is not stated in the packet; the packet instead says “Aesthetics considered as a special branch…” and does not explicitly mention “aesthetic experience” or “feelings.”; The wording shifts from the packet’s historical definition of aesthetics as a branch of hedonics / the science of pleasure and pain to a broader claim about aesthetic experience that is not explicitly stated in the source.; While the packet supports “pleasure and pain” and “especially hedonics,” it does not support the specific framing of “pleasure and suffering” as “feelings” tied to aesthetic experience.; “Suffering” is not supported by the source packet, which refers to pleasure and pain, not suffering.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Algedonic Aesthetics” (Algedonic Aesthetics).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"fb36ea9dddbf44275fa6ef2fceda3fbf49e677c367293dcdb5ebcab0d8f82736","record_id":"Algedonic Aesthetics","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"4c0e5f73828cba04834d6b8e1ba6c174d9546e98544361f97c6b3d542e2967aa","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A2defs.htm#Algedonic Aesthetics"}],"status":"dropped","term":"algedonic aesthetics"},{"id":"alpha-mannosidosis","reason":"The packet does not explicitly support the claim that alpha-mannosidosis is “rare.” It only describes it as “an inborn error of metabolism.”; The packet specifies “lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate metabolites,” while the definition says “buildup of mannose-rich substances in cells,” which broadens the location beyond “lysosomal.”; The packet supports that patients have “psychomotor retardation,” but it does not specifically justify framing this as “notable because affected people are described as having psychomotor retardation” in a “psychological or cognitive context.”; The phrase “in psychological or cognitive context” is not needed to define the term itself and is not supported as a distinct sense in the packet.; “Rare” is not supported by the supplied packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “alpha-Mannosidosis” (D008363).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"6e2d8d2a6c14fd4027fc5a8ffb20a677d71ac039590fd841ceaae1782f557e3b","record_id":"D008363","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D008363"}],"status":"dropped","term":"alpha-mannosidosis"},{"id":"alternate-uses-test","reason":"Because the packet lacks support for the definition’s description of the task content, the claim that it measures “how well a person can generate different possible uses for something” is not supported.; The packet only states that divergent creative thinking was measured by the “Alternate Uses Test”; it does not define what the test specifically requires (e.g., “generate different possible uses for something”).; The packet supports that the Alternate Uses Test measures divergent creative thinking, but it does not state that the task asks people to generate different possible uses for an object.; The phrase “one aspect of creative thinking” is broader than the packet’s wording and is not directly supported as stated.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Drake Aaron C; Hasan Fiza; Gibson Arianna; Kam Julia W Y. The effect of nature on creativity through mental imagery. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0315141; article XML SHA-256 e9631d5f4505769da9450352fe73c7fcd8729a6206a8750766d88e108df3df25. “The effect of nature on creativity through mental imagery” (10.1371/journal.pone.0315141).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f3ef5e4500f94b0c119f0c2ed3ef7155e7cdbcda77106d2faba3b7c41b0c8e63","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0315141","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0315141; article XML SHA-256 e9631d5f4505769da9450352fe73c7fcd8729a6206a8750766d88e108df3df25","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11717296","source_snapshot_sha256":"e9631d5f4505769da9450352fe73c7fcd8729a6206a8750766d88e108df3df25","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315141"}],"status":"dropped","term":"alternate-uses test"},{"id":"ambien","reason":"The definition states that “Ambien is a brand name for zolpidem tartrate,” but the provided packet text does not mention “Ambien” or any brand-name mapping to zolpidem tartrate.; The packet supports zolpidem tartrate as a sedative-hypnotic substance, but it does not state that Ambien is a brand name for zolpidem tartrate.; The receptor mechanism is more specific in the packet than in the definition; it identifies selective binding to the alpha-1 subunit of the omega-1 (BZ1) receptor of the GABA-A complex, not the broader wording used here.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Zolpidem Tartrate” (C29553).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"bf780d77e1b4e1e939b0c0a27ac676a67d1713b9e1ad98f74debef06de6d7442","record_id":"C29553","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Ambien"},{"id":"ambiguity","reason":"Adds ‘verbal error,’ which is not stated in the source; the packet only supports ‘a source of verbal fallacy.’; Aside from that addition, the remaining claims (historical multiple senses and context-dependent meaning) are consistent with the packet.; The packet definition states “A source of verbal fallacy,” but the provided definition adds “verbal error” (not supported by the packet).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Ambiguity” (Ambiguity).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"20593e1d679ba068caa11e7e046efdbc266123fb633ad31a59aa67190cf51c15","record_id":"Ambiguity","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"ac712e517e816ebc2ff1b9395d8ad30deec8126087e1df3f18dd372bfcabd223","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A3defs.htm#Ambiguity"}],"status":"dropped","term":"ambiguity"},{"id":"anectine","reason":"The mechanism is supported, but the definition adds a brand-name statement that is not established by the packet text.; The packet does not state that “Anectine” is a brand name for succinylcholine chloride; it only describes succinylcholine chloride itself.; The packet supports succinylcholine chloride and its short-term muscle relaxant, depolarizing action, but it does not support the claim that Anectine is a brand name.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Succinylcholine Chloride” (C47730).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"31c16ac0536e54a000ba9c7f514bde114765339c236c9a22fd145b75df96b77a","record_id":"C47730","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Anectine"},{"id":"animal-psychology","reason":"The packet does not explicitly define the term as “the psychology of animals”; it only gives multilingual equivalents and cross-references.; The packet text does not explicitly state that “animal psychology” is a label for “the psychology of animals”; it only provides cross-references (“See COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY, and PSYCHOLOGY”) and translations.; The phrase “treated as a topic linked to comparative psychology and to psychology more generally” goes beyond the source’s minimal cross-reference format and adds an interpretive relationship not stated in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Animal Psychology” (Animal Psychology).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"8c9361409b9ea8b5666e3e26978588ba8df6ff8b2eedb4ccce4231f3dd252439","record_id":"Animal Psychology","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"ac712e517e816ebc2ff1b9395d8ad30deec8126087e1df3f18dd372bfcabd223","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A3defs.htm#Animal Psychology"}],"status":"dropped","term":"animal psychology"},{"id":"annual-cycle","reason":"Because the source is a historical index entry, the wording should not present a fuller clinical meaning as if supported by the text.; The definition’s claims (“a pattern in which a mental disorder runs through its course on a yearly rhythm,” and “especially in relation to folie circulaire”) are more specific than what the packet excerpt explicitly supports.; The packet only gives a brief index-style reference, “folie circulaire, with an annual cycle,” and does not define “annual cycle” as a general pattern of mental disorder.; The phrase “a mental disorder runs through its course on a yearly rhythm” is an interpretive expansion not stated in the source packet.; The provided packet excerpt does not define “annual cycle” as a yearly-rhythm pattern of a mental disorder’s course; it only shows an index entry: “Casimir, folie circulaire. with an annual cycle, 223.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-3958500-3970500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"3687be768e6d85679b029d8b4a8db2cdc29525b2bbfb3b662f4bc7da50d8e59b","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-3958500-3970500","revision":"1892 original US edition; 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original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Anorthopia” (Anorthopia).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"3f377c383e7dda724242112d001664ea854f69f312692e268285bce7e0bc56e5","record_id":"Anorthopia","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"ac712e517e816ebc2ff1b9395d8ad30deec8126087e1df3f18dd372bfcabd223","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A3defs.htm#Anorthopia"}],"status":"dropped","term":"anorthopia"},{"id":"anti","reason":"No evidence in the packet supports treating this entry as the term \"anti-\".; Several claims in the definition about aconitine (anti-inflammatory/anti-neuralgic effects; inducing arrhythmias; sodium channel activation) may align with the packet, but they do not address the requested term “anti-”, so the definition is not defensible as a definition of that term.; The definition does not match the requested term \"anti-\"; the packet is about aconitine, not the prefix anti-.; The definition is not a definition of the term as requested; it gives a substance description instead of the prefix sense.; The packet content describes aconitine’s properties (e.g., sodium channel activation, anti-inflammatory/neuralgic properties, inducing arrhythmias in experimental animals), which are not supported as the meaning of “anti-”.; The term to define is “anti-”, but the provided definition is about aconitine (a specific alkaloid), not a prefix meaning or sense for “anti-”.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Aconitine” (D000157).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"45158983ec4d45d85e49c2e203f9d353424ec075b27bb7f3bbaf973499d54588","record_id":"D000157","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000157"}],"status":"dropped","term":"anti-"},{"id":"antigen","reason":"Because the field justification is not supported by the packet, the definition is not defensible within the requested field.; The definition is otherwise broadly supported by the packet, but the field mismatch is enough to reject it under the requested scope.; The packet describes an immunological concept (stimulates immune system; T- and B-lymphocyte responses), but it provides no support for treating “antigen” as a term in the psychology/counselling field labeled “cognition.”; The requested field is not defensible from the packet: this is an immunology/biomedical term, not a cognition psychology/counselling sense.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Antigen” (C268).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"377eca2f15e24709aa5e7ae8cb898f945c1532b5e646d16cde36376bda24cd57","record_id":"C268","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"antigen"},{"id":"anxiety-hierarchy","reason":"The claim that it is used in exposure-based therapy to introduce, repeat, or prolong feared situations in a graded way goes beyond the packet; the source only says situations can be selectively designed and purposefully repeated or prolonged to fit the patient’s hierarchy.; The definition adds general therapy guidance that is not explicitly supported by the supplied text.; The definition’s phrasing that the hierarchy is an “ordered set of feared situations or cues” is not explicitly stated in the packet text provided; the packet only mentions exposure scenarios tailored to an anxiety hierarchy.; The packet supports that exposure scenarios can be tailored to a patient’s anxiety hierarchy, but it does not define an anxiety hierarchy as an ordered set of feared situations or as arranged from less distressing to more distressing.; The packet supports that exposure scenarios were “individually tailored to the patients’ anxiety hierarchy” and that VRET has high situational/therapeutic control so scenarios can be “selectively designed and purposefully repeated or prolonged” to fit patients’ anxiety hierarchy, but it does not define an anxiety hierarchy as an “ordered set” or specify ordering “from less distressing to more distressing.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Kaussner Y; Kuraszkiewicz A M; Schoch S; Markel Petra; Hoffmann S; Baur-Streubel R; Kenntner-Mabiala R; Pauli P. Treating patients with driving phobia by virtual reality exposure therapy – a pilot study. 2020; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0226937; article XML SHA-256 76b5cf8c586bbf96b97a289c9413c0455ecbab22cbe8f1ffbd7e2cd0e95306a5. “Treating patients with driving phobia by virtual reality exposure therapy – a pilot study” (10.1371/journal.pone.0226937).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"003e1bcc7438f4a20b8de594d1fa6b4571ed6d7d2461999aa48f713bcf9cff28","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0226937","revision":"2020; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0226937; article XML SHA-256 76b5cf8c586bbf96b97a289c9413c0455ecbab22cbe8f1ffbd7e2cd0e95306a5","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc6946146","source_snapshot_sha256":"76b5cf8c586bbf96b97a289c9413c0455ecbab22cbe8f1ffbd7e2cd0e95306a5","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226937"}],"status":"dropped","term":"anxiety hierarchy"},{"id":"appetitive-conditioning","reason":"The packet does not define appetitive conditioning as learning a stimulus becomes associated with reward or an attractive outcome, nor that it tends to be approached or chosen; those are unsupported generalizations.; The packet does not explicitly state that appetitive conditioning is learning that “tends to be approached.” It only describes that CS+ (rewarded) and CS− (non-rewarded) are learned and that “choice following conditioning with a CS+ and a CS− results” from the interaction of excitatory/inhibitory traces.; The packet supports appetitive conditioning only as something used alongside aversion conditioning in a differential conditioning procedure, not as a stated definition or as a ‘positive target’ in the way the definition phrases it.; While the packet supports that appetitive conditioning is used alongside aversion conditioning within a differential conditioning procedure and that the rewarded target (CS+) functions as the positive/excitatory target, the specific phrasing about appetitive conditioning causing approach is not directly supported by the provided text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Avarguès-Weber Aurore; de Brito Sanchez Maria G.; Giurfa Martin; Dyer Adrian G.. Aversive Reinforcement Improves Visual Discrimination Learning in Free-Flying Honeybees. 2010; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0015370; article XML SHA-256 01daf099cff40c1c991d8f37e801a905f4a8edc357c7c10da2f43f9deff9e1b4. “Aversive Reinforcement Improves Visual Discrimination Learning in Free-Flying Honeybees” (10.1371/journal.pone.0015370).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"06f807631438602e4d6ee3b82148fc987bfcf90c5599fdee9601b778af871772","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0015370","revision":"2010; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0015370; article XML SHA-256 01daf099cff40c1c991d8f37e801a905f4a8edc357c7c10da2f43f9deff9e1b4","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc2955543","source_snapshot_sha256":"01daf099cff40c1c991d8f37e801a905f4a8edc357c7c10da2f43f9deff9e1b4","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015370"}],"status":"dropped","term":"appetitive conditioning"},{"id":"aqueous-humor","reason":"The claim that aqueous humor “helps support the cornea and lens” is not supported by the packet text. The packet states it is “involved in the metabolism of the cornea and the crystalline lens,” but does not mention support.; The definition adds an unsupported function: the packet says aqueous humor is involved in the metabolism of the cornea and crystalline lens, not that it supports them.; “Helps support the cornea and lens” is not supported by the source text and changes the sense of the term beyond the packet’s wording.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Aqueous Humor” (D001082).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"e9f0c7fdbb54a7c56f6f26ef8a356aabf020dc4d5d69cbf06a18e68562f315e8","record_id":"D001082","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D001082"}],"status":"dropped","term":"aqueous humor"},{"id":"arachnoid-granulations","reason":"Because the “communicating hydrocephalus” causal conclusion is not explicitly supported by the packet wording, the definition’s second sentence contains an unsupported substantive claim.; The packet text defines communicating hydrocephalus, not arachnoid granulations, so the requested sense of the term is mismatched.; The packet text does not state that impaired CSF reabsorption by arachnoid granulations leads to “communicating hydrocephalus”; it only describes an abnormal accumulation of CSF within the ventricles as a consequence of impaired reabsorption, while “communicating hydrocephalus” appears only as a source_label, not in the provided definition text.; The second sentence adds a causal explanation about impaired reabsorption leading to hydrocephalus; that content belongs to the packet’s disease entry rather than a definition of the term asked for.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Communicating Hydrocephalus” (C34501).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"6219a8d5811f792cbb659391f3945577924fe023e0bb8c5a9baa70a29180e685","record_id":"C34501","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"arachnoid granulations"},{"id":"aricept","reason":"The definition adds a general explanatory gloss about supporting thinking and memory; the packet supports neurocognitive-enhancing activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition, but not that broader phrasing as a term definition in this field.; The definition claims the medication “can support thinking and memory,” but the packet only describes “neurocognitive-enhancing activity” and does not specifically mention “thinking and memory” in those terms.; The packet does not state that Aricept is a brand name for donepezil hydrochloride; it describes donepezil hydrochloride but does not link this to the brand “Aricept.”; The packet identifies the substance as donepezil hydrochloride but does not support the claim that Aricept is a brand name for it.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Donepezil Hydrochloride” (C2603).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a6769c3fe11ded67c35497121e66fe4792d9fcdbc928118d4aeec0b25772dfde","record_id":"C2603","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Aricept"},{"id":"arousal-potential","reason":"The final clause about novelty, complexity, and uncertainty is supported, but the definition should not rely on unsupported definitional framing beyond what the packet states.; The opening gloss, “the capacity of a stimulus or situation to produce emotional arousal,” is not stated in the packet and reads as an added general definition rather than a supported paraphrase.; The packet does not explicitly define *arousal potential* as “the capacity of a stimulus or situation to produce emotional arousal,” so that first substantive claim is not directly supported.; The packet supports Berlyne’s arousal potential theory in relation to hedonic response and the Wundt curve, but it does not explicitly support the broader claim that arousal potential itself is a general capacity of a stimulus or situation.; The packet supports the idea that “an appropriate level of arousal potential” is positive and “extreme arousal” is negative (inverse U/Wundt curve), but it does not clearly specify the valence pattern for “very low” arousal potential versus “very high,” as stated in the definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Yanagisawa Hideyoshi; Honda Shimon. Modeling the arousal potential of epistemic emotions using Bayesian information gain: a framework for inquiry cycles driven by free energy fluctuations. 2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1438080; article XML SHA-256 75f465d58376f48fc1888b8a7b6d981496321cb0eb72e86dc9a8a21f7c59e523. “Modeling the arousal potential of epistemic emotions using Bayesian information gain: a framework for inquiry cycles driven by free energy fluctuations” (10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1438080).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2d223c0ceddb3421a3a8e81ff1b4ae2cc7b0067df5f116fcce889bd56a199847","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1438080","revision":"2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1438080; article XML SHA-256 75f465d58376f48fc1888b8a7b6d981496321cb0eb72e86dc9a8a21f7c59e523","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12109038","source_snapshot_sha256":"75f465d58376f48fc1888b8a7b6d981496321cb0eb72e86dc9a8a21f7c59e523","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1438080"}],"status":"dropped","term":"arousal potential"},{"id":"arousal-regulation","reason":"The definition adds unsupported specifics such as “mental efficiency” and “better matched to the situation”; the packet only supports that music may regulate arousal and attention allocation in high-pressure esports, not this fuller performance-matching formulation.; The definition’s core description of “arousal regulation” as “the adjustment of a person’s level of psychological and physiological activation” is not stated in the packet as a definition of the term; the packet mentions “arousal regulation” as one mechanism but does not provide this explicit general definition.; The packet supports that music may function via “arousal regulation” and modulate “performance-relevant states,” but it does not explicitly state the specific phrase that music is used “to influence that activation state in demanding tasks” with the particular outcome wording “attention, mental efficiency, and execution are better matched to the situation.”; The source frames arousal regulation as one mechanism in functional ludomusicology, but it does not define the term as a general psychology concept in the broader way stated here.; While the packet refers to “physiological arousal” and attention-related mechanisms, it also presents additional mechanisms (cognitive-load/attention allocation; rhythmic entrainment) and other boundary conditions; the definition’s narrowed focus on attention/mental efficiency/execution match is not directly supported as the stated meaning of the term in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Wang Xinxin; Sun Yuyi. Beyond immersion: the cognitive mechanics of functional ludomusicology in esports performance. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1759884; article XML SHA-256 fa33553404c8803f248f04a6316b015afc1b162a5a411b5674f5e661f8ba538f. “Beyond immersion: the cognitive mechanics of functional ludomusicology in esports performance” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1759884).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3ecfa77e1e932cdb0c0fcb486ab2fac32de26a30011e14fb3e56a967f9a194d9","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1759884","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1759884; article XML SHA-256 fa33553404c8803f248f04a6316b015afc1b162a5a411b5674f5e661f8ba538f","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12975985","source_snapshot_sha256":"fa33553404c8803f248f04a6316b015afc1b162a5a411b5674f5e661f8ba538f","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1759884"}],"status":"dropped","term":"arousal regulation"},{"id":"artane","reason":"The packet does not state that “Artane” is a brand name for trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride; it only describes trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride.; The packet supports trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride as the substance, but it does not state that Artane is a brand name for it.; The rest of the definition is broadly consistent with the packet, but the unsupported brand-name identification is a substantive claim and fails the source-only requirement.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride” (C47771).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"428c4c42593140e3c6f301a445e522ffe191b2f92c4508422d7562f7f0f86b6b","record_id":"C47771","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Artane"},{"id":"asendin","reason":"Because the source material is about amoxapine, using it to substantiate a definition for “Asendin” relies on an unsupported identification that is not present in the packet.; The definition presents Asendin as a specific medicine name, but the source packet does not identify Asendin as the drug described; that naming connection is unsupported.; The packet text is for amoxapine, not Asendin, so the definition is not supported for the requested term/sense.; The packet text provided is for “Amoxapine” (source_label and content) and does not explicitly state that “Asendin” is the same substance/brand name, so the definition’s claims about “Asendin” are not supported for that term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Amoxapine” (C47397).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"77b573b10b55a48428efcb977228afae5c7434693e13a48325da68cc75026a47","record_id":"C47397","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Asendin"},{"id":"asocial","reason":"However, it does not explicitly support the full wording of the definition, especially “not fitting in with ordinary social life” and “withdrawn” (those specifics are not stated in the supplied text).; The packet contains the phrase “always asocial and peculiar, unmanageable and ill to get on with,” which supports meanings like “unmanageable” and “ill to get on with.”; The packet supports a historical description of a person as “asocial,” “unmanageable,” and “ill to get on with,” but it does not explicitly support the broader gloss “not fitting in with ordinary social life or relations with others.”; “Withdrawn” is not supported by the supplied passage.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2089500-2101500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"c9d1c3dcd8290857f0729a6af1a24b5a451b1507cf1002776ed52cc3b36cbdaa","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2089500-2101500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"asocial"},{"id":"assumed-similarity-bias","reason":"The definition’s first sentence (“tendency to judge another person’s feelings as more like one’s own than they really are”) is not explicitly defined in the provided packet text; the packet only names “assumed similarity bias” as a result/construct without giving this operational description.; The definition’s second sentence (“partners’ empathic judgments being shaped not only by their partner’s actual affect but also by projecting their own affect onto the partner”) is not stated in the packet; the packet mentions bias and moderation effects but does not describe this specific mechanism of “projecting their own affect.”; The first sentence is broadly consistent with the packet’s use of assumed similarity bias, but the second sentence adds an unsupported mechanism: the packet does not state that partners projected their own affect onto the other person.; The packet does not provide enough information to support either the exact phrasing or the specific explanatory interpretation used in the definition.; The packet only says the study found assumed similarity bias in reciprocal empathic judgments of affective valence and arousal during messenger texting; it does not define the bias in terms of ‘not only by their partner’s actual affect but also by projecting their own affect onto the partner.’","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Steinebach Philipp; Stein Miriam; Schnell Knut. Messenger-based assessment of empathic accuracy in couples’ smartphone communication. 2025; DOI 10.1186/s40359-025-02483-9; article XML SHA-256 8d8861890d77340b87e305d2c6695ba4da8251d75f740fb3406cbc045e27f1ff. “Messenger-based assessment of empathic accuracy in couples’ smartphone communication” (10.1186/s40359-025-02483-9).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"5866ce7939f96d1c16106cba323653458f8fe72424470af08cdf0592bff92d99","record_id":"10.1186/s40359-025-02483-9","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1186/s40359-025-02483-9; article XML SHA-256 8d8861890d77340b87e305d2c6695ba4da8251d75f740fb3406cbc045e27f1ff","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11844058","source_snapshot_sha256":"8d8861890d77340b87e305d2c6695ba4da8251d75f740fb3406cbc045e27f1ff","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02483-9"}],"status":"dropped","term":"assumed similarity bias"},{"id":"attitude-system","reason":"Because the term’s core meaning is only inferable from the study’s operationalization (ratings of elements for CBT success and analysis of network structure), the broad framing about “related topics” is an unsupported generalization beyond what the packet directly supports.; The definition’s first sentence gives a broad, general characterization (“overall pattern of a person’s views about related topics, including both how strongly each element is valued and how those views connect”) that is not explicitly stated in the packet. The packet describes ratings of specific CBT-related elements and “attitude networks” and “attitude system structure,” but it does not provide this general definition of “attitude system.”; The opening general definition of an “attitude system” as an overall pattern of a person’s views and how they connect is not stated in the packet; the packet only says the study examined “attitude system structure” via importance ratings and network analysis.; The wording “structured set of beliefs about which parts of psychotherapy are important for treatment success” goes beyond the packet’s phrasing, which reports perceived importance ratings for five elements of CBT rather than a defined belief system.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Wang Yuanqing; Mei Feng; Zhao Wei. Pre-treatment consent framing shapes how laypeople evaluate CBT: a cross-cultural comparison of China and the United States. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1909096; article XML SHA-256 84b37bb6d11e8599a326fabf5e4b9fa64341d0f5e954995771a57ccbc1a0a468. “Pre-treatment consent framing shapes how laypeople evaluate CBT: a cross-cultural comparison of China and the United States” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1909096).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"799cab3e14be2379c8ff4d65a5ade04e50067cfb95b6a1dcb0bce246cbb3ffad","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1909096","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1909096; article XML SHA-256 84b37bb6d11e8599a326fabf5e4b9fa64341d0f5e954995771a57ccbc1a0a468","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13582562","source_snapshot_sha256":"84b37bb6d11e8599a326fabf5e4b9fa64341d0f5e954995771a57ccbc1a0a468","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1909096"}],"status":"dropped","term":"attitude system"},{"id":"atypical-features","reason":"The definition adds a broader claim about depression assessment that is not supported as the term’s sense in the packet.; The packet describes an inventory/questionnaire item set, not a subtype of depressive symptoms.; The packet does not explicitly state that “atypical features” are a “subtype of depressive symptoms”; it only mentions “items to address… atypical features” within a depressive symptom assessment questionnaire.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report Version Questionnaire” (C130315).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"aa42a02ac71bde8a40ddd3ad47ac27da765e0523f8af11ca7f79399c2bceff1b","record_id":"C130315","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"atypical features"},{"id":"auditory-pathway","reason":"Because the packet describes a test used to diagnose abnormalities of the 8th cranial nerve and associated auditory pathways, the provided definition may be conflating the procedure (auditory brainstem response) with the underlying pathways, which is not directly supported by the packet.; The claim that the packet describes the term “in the context of testing how well these pathways are functioning” is not a supported definition of the term and overstates what the source says.; The definition’s opening sentence reframes the packet as the nerve routes themselves; the packet instead defines an objective test of auditory brainstem function and auditory pathway function.; The packet is for the diagnostic procedure “Auditory Brainstem Response,” not the anatomical structure “auditory pathway,” so the requested sense is wrong.; The packet supports that the measurement is “from the auditory nerve to the mesencephalon,” but it does not explicitly state that the “auditory pathway” is “the set of nerve routes” carrying “sound-related signals” through the brainstem.; The packet text defines/uses “Auditory Brainstem Response” as a diagnostic test/procedure, not as a definition of the anatomical construct “auditory pathway” as “the set of nerve routes.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Auditory Brainstem Response” (C184949).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b04855ca480812aab2d3e6ac9489df3eee3e394c9dcbd441af2adb7628aad679","record_id":"C184949","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"auditory pathway"},{"id":"auditory-stimulus","reason":"The definition states: “An auditory stimulus is a sound input used to trigger or measure a response.” The provided packet does not define an auditory stimulus as a sound input or describe its role as triggering responses; it only mentions “an auditory stimulus” in the context of measuring startle responses.; The packet only supports the idea that the term is used in “the measurement of the average maximal response to an auditory stimulus,” which aligns with the second sentence’s context, but the first sentence contains unsupported generalization.; The packet supports a measurement related to an auditory stimulus, not a definition of the stimulus itself, so the requested sense of the term is not established.; “Average maximum startle response to sound” adds unsupported startle language and changes the packet’s wording.; “Used to trigger or measure a response” is an unsupported generalization beyond the packet text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Auditory Startle Average Maximum Response” (C226120).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c7a8db6abc353cb3161fa4fcb9b0f3b3991d8c6a5f4a4b36d29fc16cead93684","record_id":"C226120","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"auditory stimulus"},{"id":"authority-relations","reason":"The definition should stay close to the source’s usage; the packet supports authority relations specifically as being reshaped by platform-dominated environments, not as a general ethics term about guidance in everyday life.; The first sentence (“patterns of power and influence that shape who is treated as a trusted guide or source of direction in everyday life”) introduces a meaning (“trusted guide or source of direction”) that is not explicitly supported by the packet text.; The opening sentence gives a broad general definition of “authority relations” as everyday patterns of power and influence around a “trusted guide or source of direction,” but the packet only supports a narrower use tied to teachers’ accounts of platform-centered digital environments and shifts in epistemic authority.; While the packet supports that teachers described “shifts in epistemic authority from institutional actors toward digital platforms,” it does not provide support for the broader everyday-life framing used in the definition’s first sentence.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Calp Şükran; Bulut Pınar. Children's media engagement and media literacy in platformized environments: primary school teachers' perspectives. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847155; article XML SHA-256 2b23f4b3638b78560a970eda4ece02a42f1c01feebf816f397153a9ae6ebba84. “Children's media engagement and media literacy in platformized environments: primary school teachers' perspectives” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847155).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"80e50117d6337eef8f2ca099907869f4ad98a2fb49e76d805a159233d29ef3d9","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847155","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847155; article XML SHA-256 2b23f4b3638b78560a970eda4ece02a42f1c01feebf816f397153a9ae6ebba84","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13335420","source_snapshot_sha256":"2b23f4b3638b78560a970eda4ece02a42f1c01feebf816f397153a9ae6ebba84","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847155"}],"status":"dropped","term":"authority relations"},{"id":"auto","reason":"The packet’s definition states only that “Auto- (in compounds)… A prefix denoting reference to self.” It does not explicitly support the additional wording that, “In psychological language, it marks ideas or processes understood as self-directed or referring back to oneself.”; The source supports only “a prefix denoting reference to self” in compounds; “in psychological language” is not stated in the packet.; The specific framing in the provided definition (“ideas or processes understood as self-directed”) is not present in the packet.; “Self-directed” and “referring back to oneself” are broader paraphrases than the source’s wording and introduce interpretive generalization beyond the historical definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Auto-” (Auto-).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"87de05589e5571a49311a99ca5c9eafebcc046bf89851357b4c44c847dd3fc33","record_id":"Auto-","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"3080439997a24e7c6c40f6041855e46b506dddf3e7233aab182df3138865ab0e","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A5defs.htm#Auto-"}],"status":"dropped","term":"auto-"},{"id":"autonoetic","reason":"The definition adds contrast with “more basic forms of consciousness,” but the packet only contrasts anoetic, noetic, and autonoetic in passing and does not support the broader explanatory framing or the claim that autonoetic is a recognized higher-level consciousness in this source.; The definition claims that autonoetic is “self-reflective consciousness” that includes reflecting on oneself and one’s own mental experience and contrasts it with more basic forms of consciousness; none of these details are explicitly supported or clarified in the provided packet.; The packet does not define “autonoetic.” It only states that “self-reflective autonoetic consciousness appears to be absent,” without explaining what autonoetic means.; The packet does not support describing autonoetic as a “higher-level, self-aware form” in general; it only uses the term in a specific argument about what seems present or absent during tonic immobility.; The packet only mentions “self-reflective autonoetic consciousness” as something that appears absent; it does not define autonoetic as self-reflective consciousness or as a higher-level form of awareness.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Woodruff Michael L.. Tonic immobility and phenomenal consciousness in animals: a review. 2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1509999; article XML SHA-256 e524f5fdba18e7caf84930b2ebcd53f32894afca2703501918fca593e30109a4. “Tonic immobility and phenomenal consciousness in animals: a review” (10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1509999).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f0ffacb6d4f44b4a75c56c860f183c54c739e1c560cbf83b980baaaff2092769","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1509999","revision":"2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1509999; article XML SHA-256 e524f5fdba18e7caf84930b2ebcd53f32894afca2703501918fca593e30109a4","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11907480","source_snapshot_sha256":"e524f5fdba18e7caf84930b2ebcd53f32894afca2703501918fca593e30109a4","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1509999"}],"status":"dropped","term":"autonoetic"},{"id":"autophagy","reason":"\"Problems in this process are linked with some diseases\" is broader than the packet’s wording, which says defective autophagy is associated with various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.; The definition adds unsupported generalizations such as \"normal body changes\" and \"tissue remodeling\"; the packet specifically mentions biological metamorphosis and removal of bone by osteoclasts, not those broader claims.; The definition states that autophagy “helps with normal body changes and tissue remodeling,” but the provided packet only supports roles in “BIOLOGICAL METAMORPHOSIS” and “removal of bone by OSTEOCLASTS,” not the specific concept of “tissue remodeling.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Autophagy” (D001343).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"555159b2b4e9db1abc1d59b0c5e141094a332b83bd329f007e7e02b2fa559676","record_id":"D001343","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D001343"}],"status":"dropped","term":"autophagy"},{"id":"aversion","reason":"Because “dislike or opposition” is an added substantive meaning not directly present in the packet, the requested sense is not fully defensible from the supplied source.; The claim that this is a “historical term” is not stated in the source text itself and is not supported by the packet’s cited definition.; The definition’s framing as a “historical term” is not explicitly supported by the packet wording itself (the packet is a historical dictionary entry, but it does not state that as part of the definition).; The packet only provides the headword etymology and cross-references (“See APPETENCE, and ANTIPATHY”); it does not support the added definition that aversion means a turning away from something, dislike, or opposition.; The packet text only provides etymology (“a + vertere, to turn”) and cross-references (“See APPETENCE, and ANTIPATHY”); it does not explicitly state that aversion means “dislike or opposition.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Aversion” (Aversion).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"98496abd820a7157aab5c0ba0b34e69ebeaadde70a56a26b8eef95c3096ddad3","record_id":"Aversion","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"3080439997a24e7c6c40f6041855e46b506dddf3e7233aab182df3138865ab0e","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A5defs.htm#Aversion"}],"status":"dropped","term":"aversion"},{"id":"avoidance-of-intimacy","reason":"The claim that it is “one dimension of attachment” is not stated in the packet and is an unsupported generalization beyond the source text.; The definition claims that avoidance of intimacy is an attachment style “marked by keeping emotional closeness at a distance,” but the provided packet does not define avoidance of intimacy in those terms.; The definition says it is “treated as one dimension of attachment,” but the packet only lists “abandonment anxiety” and “avoidance of intimacy” as attachment styles used in the study; it does not explicitly describe them as dimensions of attachment.; The only substantiated claim from the packet is that, in this study, “avoidance of intimacy” was shown to contribute to pathological dissociation; the rest of the definition contains unsupported characterization.; The packet supports that “avoidance of intimacy” is an attachment style and that it was associated with pathological dissociation, but it does not explicitly support the added gloss that it is “marked by keeping emotional closeness at a distance in close relationships.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Wang Baihui; Kuroki Toshihide. Association between negatively perceived parenting attitudes and dissociation: a cross-sectional study on the general population in Japan. 2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1235447; article XML SHA-256 733194191fc13be57611ec38a0de64507dccd67c033558d827d4bf438c745d33. “Association between negatively perceived parenting attitudes and dissociation: a cross-sectional study on the general population in Japan” (10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1235447).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"23622cc5c2bfd55ebc19137f6320232b32ecaede3a910fd0bfd156a40e166009","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1235447","revision":"2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1235447; article XML SHA-256 733194191fc13be57611ec38a0de64507dccd67c033558d827d4bf438c745d33","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10469974","source_snapshot_sha256":"733194191fc13be57611ec38a0de64507dccd67c033558d827d4bf438c745d33","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1235447"}],"status":"dropped","term":"avoidance of intimacy"},{"id":"axotomy","reason":"Because of these unsupported added descriptions, the provided definition is not fully supported by the supplied packet.; The definition adds the unsupported claim that axotomy “creates loss of nerve input”; the packet only states that it is transection or severing of an axon and that this type of denervation is used in experimental studies.; The packet does not explicitly state that axotomy “creates loss of nerve input”; it only says it is a “type of denervation,” which is related but not the same exact claim.; The packet supports “transection or severing of an axon” but does not explicitly support describing an axon as “the long fiber of a nerve cell.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Axotomy” (D019771).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"84a66df664cb94e7160cd7a9151b8868ae3014d9efd9e3f709cbde576779b8f8","record_id":"D019771","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D019771"}],"status":"dropped","term":"axotomy"},{"id":"banding","reason":"The definition describes a laboratory procedure for chromosome banding, and the packet classifies it as a “Laboratory Procedure,” not as something in the field of cognition.; The definition is acceptable in substance, but it does not fit the packet’s stated semantic type and source label only as a laboratory procedure; this is the wrong sense for the requested field.; The packet supports a laboratory procedure about chromosome banding, not a cognition concept, so the requested field is not defensible here.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Chromosome Banding” (C16437).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c420f12257933604c3cd91722a3406d2759831315a853d2063e75793da2a1f58","record_id":"C16437","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"banding"},{"id":"bar-graph","reason":"Because the substantive explanation in the definition is not explicitly supported by the supplied packet, the requested sense of “bar graph” is not defensible from the source provided.; The definition’s statement that a bar graph shows values with bars whose height represents the amount is not stated in the packet; the packet only says a line graph is essentially a bar graph in which each bar is represented by a single point connected by a line.; The packet content is about a “Line Graph” and only indirectly mentions “bar graph” (“Essentially a bar graph…”). It does not provide a definition of “bar graph” showing that “each bar’s height represents the amount for that value or category.”; The packet source is a glossary entry for “Line Graph,” not “bar graph,” so the requested term/sense is not directly supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Online Statistics Education, version 2 (David M. Lane, project leader). Version 2; publisher statement snapshot 2026-10-18; SHA-256 0dcad9ee85f61f9e2bb24d26279de155ac749164ea4da2a3bffeabcf9ea471a6. “Line Graph” (line_graph.html).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://onlinestatbook.com/2/index.html","packet_hash":"0e689f3508c40d0319d06e67cd7d9aa383d6c7f6ad48a9c2e7ce9cc6cc8ecdcf","record_id":"line_graph.html","revision":"Version 2; publisher statement snapshot 2026-10-18; SHA-256 0dcad9ee85f61f9e2bb24d26279de155ac749164ea4da2a3bffeabcf9ea471a6","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"onlinestatbook-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"5658a0a2cbeebf890020b412cae8c288316ee7b09797bd15ba063273fa0da030","url":"https://onlinestatbook.com/2/glossary/line_graph.html"}],"status":"dropped","term":"bar graph"},{"id":"baro","reason":"The definition claims that “baro- refers to the body system involved in regulating blood pressure through autonomic reflexes,” but the packet describes baroreflex failure as a condition with blood pressure effects rather than explicitly stating the prefix’s meaning or that it denotes a specific body “system.”; The definition is framed for the field “cognition,” but the packet material provided concerns autonomic/cardiovascular function after neck irradiation rather than cognition.; The definition is more expansive than the packet warrants and reads as an inferred explanation rather than a strict dictionary sense supported by the supplied text.; The definition overgeneralizes the prefix: the packet supports its use in words like “baroreflex” and “baroreceptor” in a blood-pressure/autonomic context, but not that baro- itself refers to a “body system.”; The field is not supported by the packet; the source is a medical/autonomic article, not a cognition entry.; The packet does not define what the prefix “baro-” means as a standalone term; it only uses “baroreflex”/“baroreceptor” in the context of radiation-induced baroreflex failure and blood-pressure lability.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Triantafyllou Efthymios; Flores Ingrid González; Iliescu Cezar; Deswal Anita; Mouhayar Elie; Fuller Clifton D; Koutroumpakis Efstratios. Targeted autonomic testing for radiation‑induced baroreflex failure in head and neck cancer survivors: index case and early program experience. 2026; DOI 10.1186/s40959-026-00501-2; article XML SHA-256 3343b9c639e2155ab0ec1fd57bb0a8254b4a8f01ed466ec82fe84eeb713b308b. “Targeted autonomic testing for radiation‑induced baroreflex failure in head and neck cancer survivors: index case and early program experience” (10.1186/s40959-026-00501-2).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"4935855e011a175c779f62a7b27be6ec7c2b013f232150636d2aba8922d36381","record_id":"10.1186/s40959-026-00501-2","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1186/s40959-026-00501-2; article XML SHA-256 3343b9c639e2155ab0ec1fd57bb0a8254b4a8f01ed466ec82fe84eeb713b308b","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13220401","source_snapshot_sha256":"3343b9c639e2155ab0ec1fd57bb0a8254b4a8f01ed466ec82fe84eeb713b308b","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40959-026-00501-2"}],"status":"dropped","term":"baro-"},{"id":"basal-nuclei","reason":"The definition adds “beneath the cerebral cortex,” which is not stated verbatim in the packet, even though the packet supports a related location description (“basal regions of the cerebral hemispheres”).; The packet does not explicitly support describing the telencephalon as “a major part of the forebrain”; it only states that the structures are “derived from the telencephalon.”; The packet does not explicitly support the claim that the basal nuclei are located in the “lower parts” of the cerebral hemispheres.; The phrase “a major part of the forebrain” is not supported by the packet; the source only says the structures are derived from the telencephalon.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Basal Ganglia” (D001479).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"6cdcd293c92930c94d54e25f65e9628a2fc2ca0356333d9b46aaf0ccb4779295","record_id":"D001479","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D001479"}],"status":"dropped","term":"basal nuclei"},{"id":"basic-technique","reason":"The definition adds interpretive framing (“established protein-measurement methods”) that goes beyond the packet’s narrower wording.; The packet does not support the claim that a “basic technique” is “a standard laboratory method used as a starting approach.” It only states that ELISA or Western blot “is known as a basic technique” for measuring intracellular proteins.; The packet does not support the claim that these methods are “widely used.”; The remainder of the definition’s limitations (e.g., problems with normalization and commercial kit cost; ELISA vs. Western blot time and facilities) is supported by the packet, but the unsupported elements above prevent a defensible pass.; “Standard laboratory method” and “widely used” are broader generalizations than the packet supports; the source does not define the term that way.; “Starting approach” is not supported by the source; the packet only says ELISA or Western blot are known as a basic technique for protein measurement, not that the term means an initial or starting method.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Edabashi Haiam; Elghadafi Radwa; Rajkanth Nischwethaa; Mody Janvi Saurabh; Ma Weiyuan; Dibart Serge; Tang Xiaoren. A hybrid technique for measurement of intra/extracellular proteins. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0282948; article XML SHA-256 942113bdc9da606fe807f19b0a99e020c9f85cb8049ae2055aa9c5d63d7da8bb. “A hybrid technique for measurement of intra/extracellular proteins” (10.1371/journal.pone.0282948).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"430858efe2ac6caaaa6c5118a9ced9008bd2fb52122abd7ec266eb970448208e","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0282948","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0282948; article XML SHA-256 942113bdc9da606fe807f19b0a99e020c9f85cb8049ae2055aa9c5d63d7da8bb","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10159171","source_snapshot_sha256":"942113bdc9da606fe807f19b0a99e020c9f85cb8049ae2055aa9c5d63d7da8bb","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282948"}],"status":"dropped","term":"basic technique"},{"id":"beck-depression-inventory","reason":"The definition adds general explanatory content that is not supported by the supplied source packet.; The definition focuses on “Beck Depression Inventory” but the packet provides support only for the revised form “Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II),” creating a term/sense mismatch.; The definition’s first sentence makes a general characterization (“used to measure depressive symptoms”) that is not explicitly stated in the packet; the packet only lists BDI-II among neuropsychiatric/depressive symptom outcome measures in a specific DBS meta-analysis context.; The packet does not support that the term “Beck Depression Inventory” (BDI) itself is used to measure depressive symptoms; it only mentions “Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)” as an outcome measure.; The packet supports only the Beck Depression Inventory-II as an outcome measure; it does not define the original Beck Depression Inventory or state that it is a psychological assessment used to measure depressive symptoms.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Ning Jing; Lv Xiujuan; You Jianyu; Zhou Xingyu; An Chengfei; Zhou Zhigang. Neuropsychological outcomes comparing deep brain stimulation and best medical treatment for Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1865587; article XML SHA-256 af971fb6a9b037c466d05ee91fa126e1c1ba634efe2ff3d6a458939cb778efd1. “Neuropsychological outcomes comparing deep brain stimulation and best medical treatment for Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1865587).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c520fb36065d836985646a81d4a9c53b143a86cd41b61be227c176b1fa7e8e42","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1865587","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1865587; article XML SHA-256 af971fb6a9b037c466d05ee91fa126e1c1ba634efe2ff3d6a458939cb778efd1","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13322950","source_snapshot_sha256":"af971fb6a9b037c466d05ee91fa126e1c1ba634efe2ff3d6a458939cb778efd1","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1865587"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Beck Depression Inventory"},{"id":"beck-scale-for-suicide-ideation","reason":"The definition states the measure is a “self-report response scale,” but the provided packet only says participants “responded to the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSS)” and does not explicitly characterize it as self-report.; The definition’s claim that it is used “for studying the nature and variation of suicidal thoughts” is only partly supported: the packet describes a “taxometric investigation into the underlying structure of suicidal ideation,” but it does not clearly support the specific phrasing about “nature and variation of suicidal thoughts.”; The packet only shows that participants in a study responded to the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation; it does not explicitly support describing the instrument as a “self-report response scale.”; The packet supports a taxometric study of suicidal ideation in which the BSS was one measure used, but it does not support the broader claim that the BSS is used “for studying the nature and variation of suicidal thoughts.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Carvalho Lucas de Francisco; Machado Gisele Magarotto; Pianowski Giselle; Hauck-Filho Nelson; Baptista Makilim Nunes; Grønnerød Cato. Persistently ambiguous: a taxometric investigation on two groups of suicidal ideation indicators. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1729597; article XML SHA-256 d9dd04be4564fcabb63d86034a7218bbf63d8331aaa47fe77e97c6e221e2f1e6. “Persistently ambiguous: a taxometric investigation on two groups of suicidal ideation indicators” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1729597).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"0aa2fb99db01a6949a28201fdb3fb8210ecbf759ed1b0d99dc702ebe6571dc86","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1729597","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1729597; article XML SHA-256 d9dd04be4564fcabb63d86034a7218bbf63d8331aaa47fe77e97c6e221e2f1e6","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12975467","source_snapshot_sha256":"d9dd04be4564fcabb63d86034a7218bbf63d8331aaa47fe77e97c6e221e2f1e6","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1729597"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation"},{"id":"bedlam","reason":"Because the first substantive claim about “Bedlam” as the linking historical name is unsupported by the packet, the definition cannot be accepted as written.; The definition adds a linking statement that is not grounded in the supplied passage; the passage names Bethlem Royal Hospital but does not identify it as “Bedlam.”; The packet does not define “Bedlam” as a historical name linked to Bethlem Royal Hospital; it only contains discussion of “BETHLEIVE ROVAI. HOSPZTAI..” and related phrases (e.g., “Tom o' Bedlam”), without stating that “Bedlam” is the name linked to that hospital.; The packet supports the Bethlem Royal Hospital history and that lunatics were later received there, but it does not explicitly support the claim that “Bedlam” is the historical name for Bethlem Royal Hospital in London.; The portion stating that it “was later used to receive insane patients” is only partially supported: the packet says the earliest mention of “any insane patients” being there was in 1403, but it does not directly connect this to the phrase “later used” in the way the definition asserts.; The portion stating that the hospital “was not originally intended for lunatics” is supported by the packet (“not originally intended for lunatics”).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-756000-768000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"78083647fa927adb27554a82bd20ad14d049a87cd817c76a36e90edf841fc785","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-756000-768000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Bedlam"},{"id":"behavior-control","reason":"The definition slightly rephrases the source with extra generalization; it should stay within the narrower scope of the packet rather than adding unsupported therapeutic framing.; The packet definition supports “manipulation… by biomedical, physical, psychological, or social means” but does not state that behavior control can be done for therapeutic purposes; your definition adds “for therapeutic purposes,” which is unsupported by the provided text.; The packet supports manipulation of behavior by biomedical, physical, psychological, or social means, including nontherapeutic uses, but it does not support the added claim that behavior control can be done for therapeutic purposes.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Behavior Control” (D032763).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"039bc25d4ee00f8c4f2311d9b24c55a52e7bc3eb1b5f3494af2621e80bb4e01c","record_id":"D032763","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D032763"}],"status":"dropped","term":"behavior control"},{"id":"behavioral-assessment","reason":"The definition adds purpose/interpretation (“used to look at patterns…in relation to expected responses”) that is not supported by the supplied packet text.; The definition goes beyond the source by turning a brief descriptor into a broader explanatory statement without support.; The packet supports only “Assessment of individual responses to age appropriate stimuli.” It does not mention evaluating “patterns of behavior” or relating behavior to “expected responses.”; The second sentence is not supported by the packet: it adds that the assessment is used to look at patterns of behavior and expected responses, which is not in the source text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Behavioral Assessment” (C81234).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a43835a1be67ccf791333dc9867618975768fb97c13b520223f36ffca89c440e","record_id":"C81234","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"behavioral assessment"},{"id":"behavioral-coaching","reason":"The definition’s wording (“behavioral coaching,” “work practices,” “other behavior-based activities”) generalizes from the packet’s discussion of coaching broadly and behavioral outcomes, but the packet does not explicitly define “behavioral coaching” as a named approach with those defining characteristics.; The first sentence’s formulation about an approach aimed at producing positive change in behavior is broader than the packet’s evidence, which only says coaching can develop new habits, attitudes, and work practices and that behavioral outcomes were more affected than other outcome types.; The packet discusses *executive coaching* outcomes, not a distinct definition of the term “behavioral coaching,” so the first sentence’s claim that “behavioral coaching is a coaching approach aimed at producing positive change in what people do” is not directly supported by the provided source text.; The packet discusses executive coaching and its behavioral outcomes, but it does not define the term \"behavioral coaching\" as a distinct coaching approach.; The statement generalizes from one meta-analysis of executive coaching to a broad definition of behavioral coaching without support from the source.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Nicolau Andreea; Candel Octav Sorin; Constantin Ticu; Kleingeld Ad. The effects of executive coaching on behaviors, attitudes, and personal characteristics: a meta-analysis of randomized control trial studies. 2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1089797; article XML SHA-256 a1b696376d5f7b0203b424df66d61cf046e14299ddadf465543f328ba926a0dc. “The effects of executive coaching on behaviors, attitudes, and personal characteristics: a meta-analysis of randomized control trial studies” (10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1089797).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f8f5329317c46530b8396a341ad3646affc780a309e96480c41502a112dbeb31","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1089797","revision":"2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1089797; article XML SHA-256 a1b696376d5f7b0203b424df66d61cf046e14299ddadf465543f328ba926a0dc","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10272735","source_snapshot_sha256":"a1b696376d5f7b0203b424df66d61cf046e14299ddadf465543f328ba926a0dc","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1089797"}],"status":"dropped","term":"behavioral coaching"},{"id":"behavioral-health-care","reason":"It is not clearly supported in the packet that the term “behavioral health care” (as a general definition) is *specifically* confined to “outpatient or intensive outpatient services for youth.” The packet describes one example program (STAR Center) providing outpatient and intensive outpatient mental health treatment for suicidal youth, but it does not define “behavioral health care” in general as such.; The definition adds a broad generic gloss (“clinical care provided in mental health settings for problems involving thoughts, feelings, and behaviors”) that is not stated in the packet.; The definition is framed as an overall definition of “behavioral health care,” but the provided packet is primarily about measurement-based care (MBC) for suicidal youth rather than a standalone definition of the term itself.; The definition’s opening generalization—“problems involving thoughts, feelings, and behaviors”—is only partially supported. The packet explicitly discusses “suicidal thoughts and behaviors,” but it does not clearly support the inclusion of “feelings.”; The field label is not supported by the source packet; the packet is about clinical/implementation context, not an ethics term.; The packet supports a specific STAR Center context: outpatient and intensive outpatient mental health treatment for suicidal youth, not a general definition of the term.; The packet supports monitoring symptoms and suicide risk to inform treatment decisions, but not the broader wording that this is the meaning of “behavioral health care” in general.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Victor Sarah E; Salk Rachel H; Porta Giovanna; Hamilton Edward; Bero Kelsey; Poling Kim; Brent David A; Goldstein Tina R. Measurement-based care for suicidal youth: Outcomes and recommendations from the Services for Teens At Risk (STAR) Center. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0284073; article XML SHA-256 420da72170cfdbfe247a95a2203666cd21c53ff5897cc90c9391ccf843c42772. “Measurement-based care for suicidal youth: Outcomes and recommendations from the Services for Teens At Risk (STAR) Center” (10.1371/journal.pone.0284073).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"473913166555b5dce378eac09270354bda39c8ad6ed112e36610184c9eb52e73","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0284073","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0284073; article XML SHA-256 420da72170cfdbfe247a95a2203666cd21c53ff5897cc90c9391ccf843c42772","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10079048","source_snapshot_sha256":"420da72170cfdbfe247a95a2203666cd21c53ff5897cc90c9391ccf843c42772","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284073"}],"status":"dropped","term":"behavioral health care"},{"id":"behavioral-homeostasis","reason":"The definition adds unsupported glosses such as “healthy pattern of behavior” and “despite stress or other challenges,” which are not stated in the packet.; The first sentence (“maintenance of a stable, healthy pattern of behavior despite stress…”) is a general behavioral-psychology gloss that is not supported by the packet text provided.; The packet supports only that microglia play an important role in the maintenance of brain and behavioral homeostasis; it does not define the term as “brain processes” or specifically as microglial activity.; The packet text supports that microglia are involved in “brain and behavioral homeostasis,” but it does not provide the specific definition components in the prompt (e.g., “stable, healthy pattern of behavior” and “despite stress or other challenges”) in those terms.; The provided definition treats “behavioral homeostasis” as a concept applicable to “diagnosis,” but the packet does not use it as a diagnostic concept or diagnostic criterion; it is discussed in research context related to stress and psychiatric disorders.; The requested sense is too expansive and partly reinterprets the term rather than defining the packet-supported meaning.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Yan Ling; Xuan Fang-Ling; Chen Song; Gou Mengzhuang; Chen Wenjin; Li Yanli; Wang Zhiren; Wang Leilei; Xie Ting; Fan Fengmei; Zharkovsky Alexander; Tan Yunlong; Tian Li. Replenished microglia partially rescue schizophrenia-related stress response. 2023; DOI 10.3389/fncel.2023.1254923; article XML SHA-256 2c73b7623f935e935a65db98a0d512adf3750bd0c218fd38a47c19c1287ba10f. “Replenished microglia partially rescue schizophrenia-related stress response” (10.3389/fncel.2023.1254923).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"79814948e60d0e1eeff7426d803f97bdc5783a17bffef9aa6839660072231d69","record_id":"10.3389/fncel.2023.1254923","revision":"2023; DOI 10.3389/fncel.2023.1254923; article XML SHA-256 2c73b7623f935e935a65db98a0d512adf3750bd0c218fd38a47c19c1287ba10f","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10522857","source_snapshot_sha256":"2c73b7623f935e935a65db98a0d512adf3750bd0c218fd38a47c19c1287ba10f","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2023.1254923"}],"status":"dropped","term":"behavioral homeostasis"},{"id":"belief-in-a-just-world","reason":"The definition claims BJW is “a relatively stable personal trait,” but the provided packet describes BJW as an “individual trait” with “adaptive functions” and a “foundation for coping strategies,” without stating that it is relatively stable.; The definition slightly overstates the packet’s wording by generalizing from study context to a broad psychology definition without enough support from the source text.; The packet supports BJW as a personal trait that aids coping and is associated with well-being and lower distress, but it does not clearly support the claim that it is a \"relatively stable\" trait in general.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Li Jia; Bai Junqing; Ouyang Lixia; Lin He. How belief in a just world shapes academic engagement among Chinese college art majors: A cross-level moderated mediation model. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0317583; article XML SHA-256 a4ce2f1b352b2e7b3e6221fcd06ce1dc74863796348fef3f0e327c316c67197e. “How belief in a just world shapes academic engagement among Chinese college art majors: A cross-level moderated mediation model” (10.1371/journal.pone.0317583).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"d992d5aef46a102dd24985a0787872ef0275839d5c31c1fa8d6a1825d17ad103","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0317583","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0317583; article XML SHA-256 a4ce2f1b352b2e7b3e6221fcd06ce1dc74863796348fef3f0e327c316c67197e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11753692","source_snapshot_sha256":"a4ce2f1b352b2e7b3e6221fcd06ce1dc74863796348fef3f0e327c316c67197e","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0317583"}],"status":"dropped","term":"belief in a just world"},{"id":"benzodiazepine-agonist","reason":"The provided definition describes a *treatment/management approach* (how to manage benzodiazepine dependence), not a diagnostic category or diagnosis in the sense implied by the requested field (“diagnosis”).; The requested field is not defensible here: the packet supports a treatment/intervention sense (“benzodiazepine agonist treatment”), not a diagnosis sense.; While the packet discusses benzodiazepine “stabilizing agonist treatment” as a proposed option and contrasts it with tapering/discontinuation, it does so in the context of a study protocol rather than defining a diagnostic construct.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Chalabianloo Fatemeh; Fadnes Lars Thore; Assmus Jörg; Mordal Jon; Solli Kristin K.; Dale Kjetil S.; Andersen Christina D.; Zavenova Silvia; Rønning Beathe H.; Blomkvist Andreas W.; Ryssdal Martin; Butt Wasifa S. J.; Marciuch Anne; Ørmen Anne G.; Ohldieck Christian; Løberg Else-Marie; Johansson Kjell Arne; for the BMX-BAR and NORCATS study group http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1242-1972 Chalabianloo Fatemeh Fatemeh.Chalabianloo@helse-bergen.no 1 2 Fadnes Lars Thore 1 2 Assmus Jörg 3 Mordal Jon 1 4 Solli Kristin K. 4 5 6 Dale Kjetil S. 7 Andersen Christina D. 1 Zavenova Silvia 1 Rønning Beathe H. 1 Blomkvist Andreas W. 8 9 Ryssdal Martin 8 Butt Wasifa S. J. 10 Marciuch Anne 10 Ørmen Anne G. 11 Ohldieck Christian 1 Løberg Else-Marie 12 13 Johansson Kjell Arne 1 2 Mellingen Svanhild Olsvold Maria K. Nordbotn Mette H. Trettenes Beate H. Berger Tine U. Sannerud Kristin Sundal Christine Pierron Marianne Moe Henriette Alibhai Zainab Helgøy Karoline N. Vedaa Susanne Holtan Line Kristiansen Heidi F. Haugen Britt K. Karlsen Jeanine T.H. Kaspersen Richard Digranes Linn C.W.. Benzodiazepine agonist treatment for patients with benzodiazepine dependence undergoing opioid agonist treatment: a study protocol for the randomized controlled trial BMX-BAR. 2025; DOI 10.1186/s13063-024-08692-8; article XML SHA-256 dc3840175b99240e0ba17ec92db06261c5b8c482d99b0d3f7947ad046f29bf5a. “Benzodiazepine agonist treatment for patients with benzodiazepine dependence undergoing opioid agonist treatment: a study protocol for the randomized controlled trial BMX-BAR” (10.1186/s13063-024-08692-8).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"6af88524dc45ae4ba5cf7b703ca486e6951df032b6b73f2186d2562aa92ec346","record_id":"10.1186/s13063-024-08692-8","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1186/s13063-024-08692-8; article XML SHA-256 dc3840175b99240e0ba17ec92db06261c5b8c482d99b0d3f7947ad046f29bf5a","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11694363","source_snapshot_sha256":"dc3840175b99240e0ba17ec92db06261c5b8c482d99b0d3f7947ad046f29bf5a","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-024-08692-8"}],"status":"dropped","term":"benzodiazepine agonist"},{"id":"betrayal","reason":"The definition should stay within the packet’s wording; the packet supports a general “act of violation of trust or confidence of a moral standard,” but not the broader explanatory framing.; The definition’s “expected moral commitment” phrasing is not explicitly supported beyond the packet’s general reference to a “moral standard, etc.”; The packet only states that betrayal is an act of violation of trust or confidence of a moral standard (etc.). It does not support the added claim that, “In psychology, it can refer to a perceived breach of trust that affects how a person thinks about relationships and safety.”; The second sentence adds an unsupported psychological interpretation (“in psychology, it can refer to a perceived breach of trust that affects how a person thinks about relationships and safety”) that is not present in the source packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Betrayal” (D000081722).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"92b481ee98f4a25efee91b2e586accaef4d7ccfbe4a061a72806c479758a4d86","record_id":"D000081722","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000081722"}],"status":"dropped","term":"betrayal"},{"id":"beyond-reasonable-doubt","reason":"The claim that the source uses the phrase to mean a claim scientists may regard as settled for practical purposes is not supported by the packet text.; The definition’s claim that, in this source, the term is used to mean “settled for practical purposes” is not supported by the packet; no such explanation appears in the provided text.; The definition’s claims about “any remaining doubt would not be considered reasonable” are not stated or supported anywhere in the packet.; The packet does not define or explain the idiom as a general level of certainty; it only uses the phrase in a survey statement about COVID-19.; The packet does not provide a definition of “beyond reasonable doubt”; it only includes one instance of the phrase in a statement (“Science has put it beyond reasonable doubt…”).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Vickers Peter; Adamo Ludovica; Alfano Mark; Clark Cory; Cresto Eleonora; Cui He; Dang Haixin; Dellsén Finnur; Dupin Nathalie; Gradowski Laura; Graf Simon; Guevara Aline; Hallap Mark; Hamilton Jesse; Hardey Mariann; Helm Paula; Landrum Asheley; Levy Neil; Machery Edouard; Mills Sarah; Muller Seán; Sheppard Joanne; N. K. Shinod; Slater Matthew; Stegenga Jacob; Strandin Henning; Stuart Michael T.; Sweet David; Tasdan Ufuk; Taylor Henry; Towler Owen; Tulodziecki Dana; Tworek Heidi; Wallbank Rebecca; Wiltsche Harald; Mitchell Finnigan Samantha. Development of a novel methodology for ascertaining scientific opinion and extent of agreement. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0313541; article XML SHA-256 ce6fba2752a4ca770fa4483558ce6a209e3513dc7bdfc7c8fed5dcaea4d505ed. “Development of a novel methodology for ascertaining scientific opinion and extent of agreement” (10.1371/journal.pone.0313541).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"9adff24a00473e3e75ea4f456622a2b1951a1cf3fc8811d9e7f1f3a634cc697f","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0313541","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0313541; article XML SHA-256 ce6fba2752a4ca770fa4483558ce6a209e3513dc7bdfc7c8fed5dcaea4d505ed","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11623554","source_snapshot_sha256":"ce6fba2752a4ca770fa4483558ce6a209e3513dc7bdfc7c8fed5dcaea4d505ed","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313541"}],"status":"dropped","term":"beyond reasonable doubt"},{"id":"bipolar-stimulation","reason":"Only the second sentence (that, in this source, it refers to stimulating the primary motor cortex to produce motor evoked potentials) is supported by the provided text.; The definition adds a broader clinical/general sense that is not established by the source packet, which gives only one study-specific use in rats.; The packet does not state that “bipolar stimulation” uses “two poles or contacts”; it only mentions “bipolar stimulation of the primary motor cortex” without defining the two-pole/contacts mechanism.; The packet supports only that MEPs were produced by bipolar stimulation of the primary motor cortex; it does not define bipolar stimulation as a general method of electrically stimulating a nervous system area using two poles or contacts.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Eguibar Jose R.; Cortes Carmen; Hernandez Victor H.; Lopez-Juarez Alejandra; Piazza Valeria; Carmona Diego; Kleinert-Altamirano Anke; Morales-Campos Blanca; Salceda Emilio; Roncagliolo Manuel. 4-aminopyridine improves evoked potentials and ambulation in the taiep rat: A model of hypomyelination with atrophy of basal ganglia and cerebellum. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0298208; article XML SHA-256 dcdae05b860874659444f75f2d1eeae816d6deb0107cb1af9a993937807a5442. “4-aminopyridine improves evoked potentials and ambulation in the taiep rat: A model of hypomyelination with atrophy of basal ganglia and cerebellum” (10.1371/journal.pone.0298208).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"dddde9c366c9866562e790f161aa8c7177757536519ed15762d4b56b71957d8d","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0298208","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0298208; article XML SHA-256 dcdae05b860874659444f75f2d1eeae816d6deb0107cb1af9a993937807a5442","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10906851","source_snapshot_sha256":"dcdae05b860874659444f75f2d1eeae816d6deb0107cb1af9a993937807a5442","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0298208"}],"status":"dropped","term":"bipolar stimulation"},{"id":"bisection","reason":"The definition’s first sentence claims that bisection is the division of something “into two equal parts,” but the provided packet only mentions “successive bisection of a line” and does not explicitly define bisection as dividing into two equal parts.; The first sentence generalizes beyond the historical passage by presenting a general dictionary definition rather than the sense established in the source context.; The packet supports bisection only in the specific phrase “successive bisection of a line” and its role in Zeno-style arguments; it does not explicitly support the broader definition “the division of something, such as a line, into two equal parts.”; While the packet supports the historical point that successive bisection “never gives an absolute unit” (and that this implies we cannot assign a number), the definition also frames this as “continued division does not yield a final absolute unit,” which is broadly consistent but partially rests on interpretation beyond the packet’s explicit wording.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-1911000-1923000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"730d87a103d734e433ae7dd308b88b56b4979143647b5a3aa90a00d969dfab19","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-1911000-1923000","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"bisection"},{"id":"bladder-reflex","reason":"The definition’s phrase “automatic nerve-controlled activity” is not explicitly stated in the packet; the packet discusses bladder reflexes and their suppression/modulation via nerve stimulation but does not define them as “automatic nerve-controlled activity.”; The phrase “automatic nerve-controlled activity” is a generalization not stated in the packet; the source only supports spontaneous bladder reflexes/contractions.; The remaining elements (spontaneous bladder contractions varying from regular to chaotic patterns, and suppression/stabilization by sacral intraspinal microstimulation targeting S2 dorsal horn) are supported by the packet.; The source supports suppression/stabilization of bladder reflex dynamics by that specific stimulation, but not the definition’s broader formulation as a general property of the term.; “Sacral spinal stimulation” is broader than the packet’s specific intervention, sacral intraspinal microstimulation targeting the dorsal horn of the S2 spinal cord.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Qasemi Amirhossein; Aminian Alireza; Erfanian Abbas. The inhibitory effect of intraspinal microstimulation of the sacral spinal cord on nonlinear bladder reflex dynamics in cats. 2025; DOI 10.3389/fnins.2025.1519377; article XML SHA-256 bdde36fc4522acab2eef2bc4ab9c2d2ef48f7c150e7f6f2de35d3493d97b7087. “The inhibitory effect of intraspinal microstimulation of the sacral spinal cord on nonlinear bladder reflex dynamics in cats” (10.3389/fnins.2025.1519377).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"d27278c83222343282919221f4ce7b81b505cd159aef6bc4f5ef8a08d8af1140","record_id":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1519377","revision":"2025; DOI 10.3389/fnins.2025.1519377; article XML SHA-256 bdde36fc4522acab2eef2bc4ab9c2d2ef48f7c150e7f6f2de35d3493d97b7087","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11830707","source_snapshot_sha256":"bdde36fc4522acab2eef2bc4ab9c2d2ef48f7c150e7f6f2de35d3493d97b7087","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1519377"}],"status":"dropped","term":"bladder reflex"},{"id":"branding","reason":"The definition’s wording “often as a cultural practice” is not supported by the packet text, which does not indicate frequency (“often”).; The packet supports branding as body modification done as a cultural practice or expression of creativity or identity, but it does not support the added frequency claim \"often.\"; The packet’s provided wording defines branding via “wounding … by branding … as a cultural practice or expression of creativity or identity,” but does not connect “branding” to the field labeled “cognition” in any way.; While the packet has the source label “Body Modification, Non-Therapeutic,” the packet excerpt itself does not explicitly say “non-therapeutic,” so that part of the definition is not directly supported by the provided text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Body Modification, Non-Therapeutic” (D046289).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"dbd9b4afc62006601fc0f54e81879977708822a67c622f24dc185c1bcb3becaf","record_id":"D046289","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D046289"}],"status":"dropped","term":"branding"},{"id":"breakthrough","reason":"The assigned field “cognition” is not defensible from the packet, which is about seizure-related adverse events/finding criteria rather than cognition.; The definition asserts the packet meaning as “generalized seizures” occurring “despite medical intervention,” which is supported, but the requested field mapping (“cognition”) is not supported by the packet text.; The definition generalizes beyond the packet’s wording by treating the term as a broader symptom category instead of the narrower seizure phrase present in the source.; The packet supports the specific phrase “breakthrough generalized seizures despite medical intervention,” but not a standalone cognition sense for “breakthrough.”; The provided packet content for “breakthrough” explicitly refers to “breakthrough generalized seizures despite medical intervention,” which supports the seizure-based sense, but it does not support assigning this term to the field “cognition.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Grade 3 Tumor Lysis Syndrome, CTCAE 6.0” (C221303).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"9d3ba348cdf7181ff6b91e4e8dfd7762da858b3edfee80d55554a184f4ea6295","record_id":"C221303","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"breakthrough"},{"id":"breeding-behavior","reason":"The field ‘learning’ is not defensible from the packet; the source is about amphibian breeding/vocalization and urbanization, not learning or psychology/counselling content.; The packet does not explicitly state that the described “calling patterns” are “linked to mating,” only that calling behavior is examined as part of reproductive/breeding behavior and can be influenced by habitat alteration and anthropogenic noise (and that higher temperature is among the changed environmental factors considered).; The packet does not support the general definition that “breeding behavior is the set of actions animals use in reproduction.” It only discusses that “calling behavior of anurans” is “unique and exclusive breeding behavior,” without defining breeding behavior as a broader set of actions.; The supplied packet supports frog/anuran vocal and calling behavior during breeding, but not the broader claim that breeding behavior is generally “the set of actions animals use in reproduction.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Lee Ji-A.; Rahman Md Mizanur; Cheon Seung-Ju; Borzée Amaël; Sung Ha-Cheol. The influences of urbanization on breeding behavior of American bullfrog ( Aquarana catesbeiana ) in South Korea. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0326201; article XML SHA-256 de7fdd35724612dc79eec4bb8e49d4c4442fd425ae1536f7eb35ad2f23756e76. “The influences of urbanization on breeding behavior of American bullfrog ( Aquarana catesbeiana ) in South Korea” (10.1371/journal.pone.0326201).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f6ce8fc20c7047cca60825a4fa6f45ef67571f3513c01a23c4e21e791c10d504","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0326201","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0326201; article XML SHA-256 de7fdd35724612dc79eec4bb8e49d4c4442fd425ae1536f7eb35ad2f23756e76","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12173361","source_snapshot_sha256":"de7fdd35724612dc79eec4bb8e49d4c4442fd425ae1536f7eb35ad2f23756e76","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326201"}],"status":"dropped","term":"breeding behavior"},{"id":"brief-visuospatial-memory-test","reason":"The definition claims it is “one of the tests used to measure cognitive outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis.” While the packet does say that cognitive evaluations in MS included tests including BVMT, it does not provide further support for the definition’s broader framing (e.g., evaluation of visuospatial memory).; The definition claims the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test “is a cognitive assessment used to evaluate visuospatial memory,” but the packet only lists BVMT as one of several cognitive evaluation tests and does not state what it evaluates.; The first sentence adds a definitional claim about the test’s purpose that is not supported by the supplied source.; The packet supports that Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (BVMT) was listed among cognitive tests used in studies of people with multiple sclerosis, but it does not state that the test evaluates visuospatial memory.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Golabi Behnam; Razmaray Hadis; Seyedi-Sahebari Sepideh; Bandehagh Heliya; Hakimzadeh Zahra; Khosroshahi Ailin; Moghaddamziabari Seyedehyasmin; Aghaei Negar; Sanaie Sarvin; Talebi Mahnaz; Naseri Amirreza. Sleep and cognitive outcomes in multiple sclerosis; a systematic review. 2024; DOI 10.1186/s12888-024-06103-5; article XML SHA-256 40ad529e9c4b68d3e080dcadb9791f517c833f56f3807a128b9c7dbdae3bf26b. “Sleep and cognitive outcomes in multiple sclerosis; a systematic review” (10.1186/s12888-024-06103-5).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"ab136d8416f7fc3b2e7ddcb32f4e786fe31958535729154fe2f3d3bc319e3a6e","record_id":"10.1186/s12888-024-06103-5","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1186/s12888-024-06103-5; article XML SHA-256 40ad529e9c4b68d3e080dcadb9791f517c833f56f3807a128b9c7dbdae3bf26b","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11438219","source_snapshot_sha256":"40ad529e9c4b68d3e080dcadb9791f517c833f56f3807a128b9c7dbdae3bf26b","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-06103-5"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Brief Visuospatial Memory Test"},{"id":"broken-sleep","reason":"Because the definition’s key characterization of the term is not explicitly supported by the provided packet, the requested sense of the term is not defensible from the supplied source.; The definition adds a general gloss that is not supported by the packet; only the association with insomnia is directly supported.; The packet only lists “broken sleep” as a component of “Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) Insomnia” (with related symptoms), but it does not define “broken sleep” as “sleep that is interrupted rather than continuous through the night.”; The packet supports that “broken sleep” appears in a HAMA insomnia list, but it does not explicitly define broken sleep as sleep that is interrupted rather than continuous through the night.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “HAMA - Insomnia” (C102076).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b60a4ba03d51bdfb2158148d30a181bffb8064a3c27650a543772c4e24083367","record_id":"C102076","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"broken sleep"},{"id":"bufotenin","reason":"Field mismatch: the term refers to a hallucinogenic substance, not a diagnosis. The provided packet describes bufotenin as a serotonin analog used in CNS studies and misused as a psychedelic, without presenting it as a diagnostic label.; The definition adds an unsupported framing of a “mental health context” as though this were a diagnostic concept, which the source packet does not establish.; The requested field is not defensible for this term: bufotenin is a substance/chemical agent, not a diagnosis-term entry.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Bufotenin” (D002027).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"f1f27490685941bb53ea91721327c9fa6362d1c0f86c398518e0e1ccdbfad0dd","record_id":"D002027","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D002027"}],"status":"dropped","term":"bufotenin"},{"id":"bulbar-paralysis","reason":"The definition adds an inferred meaning that is not stated in the source; a citation to the headword entry alone is not enough to support that specific sense.; The packet does not explicitly define “bulbar paralysis” as “paralysis associated with the bulb”; it only states that “Bulb” is a synonym for the medulla oblongata and that the term is used in combination “as bulbar paralysis.”; The packet supports that “bulb” is a synonym for the medulla oblongata and that the expression “bulbar paralysis” occurs as a combination, but it does not define “bulbar paralysis” as paralysis associated with the bulb.; While the packet supports the link between “bulb” and the medulla oblongata, the specific phrasing that “bulbar paralysis” is a historical term for paralysis associated with the bulb is not directly supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Bulb” (Bulb).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"0f2b348540915675891bbe04796c12eae70a9d88399c3fd1cd2716913643a660","record_id":"Bulb","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"8dd133c4cfa41d8e9710b5539cf59238665be3d7c993f2c9737761ce338b513e","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/B2defs.htm#Bulb"}],"status":"dropped","term":"bulbar paralysis"},{"id":"cancellation-test","reason":"The definition claims it is used “particularly in the assessment of attention-related difficulties,” but the packet does not link the cancellation test specifically to attention assessment (it only reports that attention-related symptoms were commonly self-reported and that overall neurocognitive alterations were relevant to attention/working memory, without attributing this to the cancellation test itself).; The definition goes beyond the packet by generalizing from one study to a generic test definition and by implying a specific clinical use that is not established here.; The definition’s explanation of the sense/meaning of “cancellation test” is not directly supported by the packet’s text.; The packet does not support the added characterization that the test is used particularly for attention-related difficulties; it only reports that some participants had persistent attention symptoms and that attention was among the domains of measurable change.; The packet only shows that the Multiple Feature Target Cancellation Test was one of several neuropsychological tests used in a post-COVID-19 study; it does not support the broader definitional claim that a cancellation test is generally a neuropsychological assessment task used to evaluate cognitive function.; The packet only states that the “Multiple Feature Target Cancellation Test” was used as one of several neuropsychological tests in an outpatient assessment; it does not define what a “cancellation test” is, what “target-cancellation measure” means, or the general purpose of cancellation tests.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Lauria Alessandra; Carfì Angelo; Benvenuto Francesca; Bramato Giulia; Ciciarello Francesca; Rocchi Sara; Rota Elisabetta; Salerno Andrea; Stella Leonardo; Tritto Marcello; Di Paola Antonella; Pais Cristina; Tosato Matteo; Janiri Delfina; Sani Gabriele; Lo Monaco Rita; Pagano Francesco C.; Fantoni Massimo; Bernabei Roberto; Landi Francesco; Bizzarro Alessandra; Gemelli Against COVID-19 Post-acute Care Group. Neuropsychological measures of post-COVID-19 cognitive status. 2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1136667; article XML SHA-256 a297ea954317be0796968e91442529c2d7681a9e769c654cddca49e1955bf3a0. “Neuropsychological measures of post-COVID-19 cognitive status” (10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1136667).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b02dc0112d6bf943b57042ba737282af098c85bc489aa2bbce8fa37b3ef9da9a","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1136667","revision":"2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1136667; article XML SHA-256 a297ea954317be0796968e91442529c2d7681a9e769c654cddca49e1955bf3a0","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10363721","source_snapshot_sha256":"a297ea954317be0796968e91442529c2d7681a9e769c654cddca49e1955bf3a0","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1136667"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cancellation test"},{"id":"card-sorting-test","reason":"The definition generalizes from the specific Berg Card Sorting Test to a generic card-sorting test without support that this sense is the intended entry scope.; The definition states that cards/card-like images are sorted “according to changing rules,” but the provided packet does not explicitly describe changing rules as part of the Berg Card Sorting Test procedure (it only notes that the BCST is like the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and is administered based on Berg’s procedures, without stating the changing-rule mechanism in the supplied text).; The packet supports a Berg Card Sorting Test as a neurobehavioral test of executive function, but it does not explicitly state that cards are sorted according to changing rules.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Fox Christopher J.; Mueller Shane T.; Gray Hilary M.; Raber Jacob; Piper Brian J.. Evaluation of a Short-Form of the Berg Card Sorting Test. 2013; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063885; article XML SHA-256 796c589459fb961af52d715e176483ba2f17a775a608a94e8ea05a3ed159f87e. “Evaluation of a Short-Form of the Berg Card Sorting Test” (10.1371/journal.pone.0063885).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"983d7399505c6f3429118729375719a9bec8a10f03e40d8be6251f517276cdc1","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0063885","revision":"2013; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0063885; article XML SHA-256 796c589459fb961af52d715e176483ba2f17a775a608a94e8ea05a3ed159f87e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc3653789","source_snapshot_sha256":"796c589459fb961af52d715e176483ba2f17a775a608a94e8ea05a3ed159f87e","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063885"}],"status":"dropped","term":"card-sorting test"},{"id":"carnal","reason":"The claim that carnal means “bodily or physical in a sexual sense” is not stated in the source; the text only says the sexual feeling is “imaginative and emotional rather than carnal.”; The definition turns a contrast in the source into a positive definition of carnal, which goes beyond what the historical text supports.; The packet (Baldwin 1901) only uses the term “carnal” in a contrast (“sexual feeling is imaginative and emotional rather than carnal”) and does not explicitly state that, in this usage, “carnal means bodily or physical in a sexual sense.”; The packet does not define the headword “carnal”; its source record is for “Erotomania or Eroticomania,” so the requested sense is not directly supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Erotomania or Eroticomania” (Erotomania).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"d7403a4c7c7023e511f888d72c00aff1f809df85c52fd7a0b6850fde011a54a4","record_id":"Erotomania","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"376ac3428c378281f12d665f09222df3073a87ac071c96968a14d8bb6742d1e5","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/E2defs.htm#Erotomania"}],"status":"dropped","term":"carnal"},{"id":"cartesian-coordinate-system","reason":"The definition adds unsupported generalization by calling it a “standard x–y framework”; the packet only says the Cartesian coordinate system is the default framework used in traffic conflict research, not that it is standard in general.; The definition includes an additional example (“such as vehicle movement and conflict points”) that is not explicitly stated as such in the packet; the packet mentions conflict identification and vehicle trajectories, but not that these are the examples framing the term.; The packet does not support the claim that the Cartesian coordinate system is specifically a “standard x–y framework.” It only describes Cartesian as being predominantly adopted by default and uses “Cartesian framework/straight-line equations,” without stating an x–y form.; The packet supports that Cartesian methods are workable on straight segments but are complicated/less accurate on curved segments, yet the definition’s comparison phrasing (“does not capture curved trajectories and lane changes as accurately or simply as … Frenet”) is broader than the packet’s specific statements about boundary fitting complexity and applicability/reliability.; The requested field is not well supported by the packet: the source is about traffic-conflict identification on roads, not the learning field.; The statement about representing “positions and trajectories” is broader than the packet, which discusses determining vehicle trajectory points and traffic conflict locations in this specific context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Wu Jingan; Zhu Shunying; Jiang Ruoxi; He Taotao; Chen Jinquan. Traffic conflict identification method on curved road based on Frenet coordinate system. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0344023; article XML SHA-256 5e9afcfd8216184d844c7f6b39f5b5a6b8252779e03dc82263d7c7948ad03c75. “Traffic conflict identification method on curved road based on Frenet coordinate system” (10.1371/journal.pone.0344023).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2941e6b940d2bbdaa2cdadeab54f536ca7589ddd55cff43184bf919c72d7d6b9","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0344023","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0344023; article XML SHA-256 5e9afcfd8216184d844c7f6b39f5b5a6b8252779e03dc82263d7c7948ad03c75","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13012730","source_snapshot_sha256":"5e9afcfd8216184d844c7f6b39f5b5a6b8252779e03dc82263d7c7948ad03c75","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0344023"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Cartesian coordinate system"},{"id":"center-of-gravity","reason":"Some additional implied framing (“improving the strength and stability of the septal L-strut design”) is directionally supported, but because the definition includes the unsupported “mass is balanced” characterization, the substantive claim is not defensible under the provided packet.; The definition’s first sentence is broader than the packet’s wording; the source does not define center of gravity as a general way of judging any structure’s mass balance under load, only in the context of this specific septal design analysis.; The definition’s phrase that center of gravity is “the point used in judging how a structure’s mass is balanced” is not explicitly supported by the packet text. The packet mentions using “principles of static equilibrium, such as the center of gravity” and relates a “lower center of gravity” to “strength and stability,” but it does not describe center of gravity as a “point used” for judging “mass balance.”; The packet supports an engineering/biomechanics sense of center of gravity in septal L-strut modeling, not a learning or psychology/counselling sense.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Wongchadakul Patcharaporn; Lohasammakul Suphalerk; Rattanadecho Phadungsak; Chu-Ongsakul Sorawuth. The advanced concepts for septal l-strut re-designing in septorhinoplasty for better strength and stability by considering of center of gravity. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0288607; article XML SHA-256 711adc3425f03116e1f878051300e5341907139e79e502d327e2d0f7c0daccef. “The advanced concepts for septal l-strut re-designing in septorhinoplasty for better strength and stability by considering of center of gravity” (10.1371/journal.pone.0288607).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"dfe9b9f7cab097df7b3f5a00bec52ce788d0705cad56b265c2d87c75ee355fbf","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0288607","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0288607; article XML SHA-256 711adc3425f03116e1f878051300e5341907139e79e502d327e2d0f7c0daccef","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10351703","source_snapshot_sha256":"711adc3425f03116e1f878051300e5341907139e79e502d327e2d0f7c0daccef","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288607"}],"status":"dropped","term":"center of gravity"},{"id":"cerebral-hypoplasia","reason":"The definition is not fully supported as written because it mixes a general diagnostic definition with a source-specific description, rather than restricting itself to what the packet actually states.; The packet does not provide the definition that cerebral hypoplasia means the cerebrum is “smaller or has less volume than expected” on imaging; it only reports the term “Cerebral hypoplasia/atrophy” as a finding.; The source supports that cerebral hypoplasia/atrophy was observed in some children with Pallister-Killian syndrome, but it does not define cerebral hypoplasia as a general structural brain abnormality in which the cerebrum is smaller or has less volume than expected on imaging.; The wording ‘in this source, it is described as a neuroradiological finding … often discussed together with cerebral atrophy as part of cerebral volume loss’ goes beyond the packet’s wording; the packet reports ‘cerebral hypoplasia/atrophy’ and separately mentions literature findings of ‘cerebral brain volume loss up to cerebral atrophy,’ but it does not establish that cerebral hypoplasia is a distinct named entity or current consensus definition.; While the packet supports that “cerebral hypoplasia/atrophy” occurs in a subset of children with Pallister-Killian syndrome and that brain volume loss/cerebral atrophy are discussed, it does not explicitly state that cerebral hypoplasia is “often discussed together with cerebral atrophy as part of cerebral volume loss” in the definitional sense used in the provided definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Fetta Anna; Toni Francesco; Pettenuzzo Ilaria; Ricci Emilia; Rocca Alessandro; Gambi Caterina; Soliani Luca; Di Pisa Veronica; Martini Silvia; Sperti Giacomo; Cagnazzo Valeria; Accorsi Patrizia; Bartolini Emanuele; Battaglia Domenica; Bernardo Pia; Canevini Maria Paola; Ferrari Anna Rita; Giordano Lucio; Locatelli Chiara; Mancardi Margherita; Orsini Alessandro; Pippucci Tommaso; Pruna Dario; Rosati Anna; Suppiej Agnese; Tagliani Sara; Vaisfeld Alessandro; Vignoli Aglaia; Izumi Kosuke; Krantz Ian; Cordelli Duccio Maria. Structural brain abnormalities in Pallister-Killian syndrome: a neuroimaging study of 31 children. 2024; DOI 10.1186/s13023-024-03065-5; article XML SHA-256 835f0e0b06a353964dc514da12b55e5c80089943dac51630aba02be1582874c6. “Structural brain abnormalities in Pallister-Killian syndrome: a neuroimaging study of 31 children” (10.1186/s13023-024-03065-5).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"57c688be7531346a2d8e8d79f82952b832d58d2836c38de567e3d3283dd02b58","record_id":"10.1186/s13023-024-03065-5","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1186/s13023-024-03065-5; article XML SHA-256 835f0e0b06a353964dc514da12b55e5c80089943dac51630aba02be1582874c6","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10921669","source_snapshot_sha256":"835f0e0b06a353964dc514da12b55e5c80089943dac51630aba02be1582874c6","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-024-03065-5"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cerebral hypoplasia"},{"id":"cerebral-palsy","reason":"The definition says it is a “group of lifelong movement disorders,” while the packet describes it as “nonprogressive motor disorders” and does not explicitly state “lifelong.”; The definition states that cerebral palsy is caused by “brain injury or abnormal brain development,” but the packet only describes it as caused by “chronic brain injuries” (originating prenatal/perinatal/first few years) and does not mention abnormal brain development.; The packet supports a nonprogressive motor disorder caused by chronic brain injuries originating in the prenatal, perinatal, or first few years of life, but it does not support the added claim that cerebral palsy is caused by abnormal brain development.; The wording \"lifelong\" is not stated in the packet and goes beyond the supplied source.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Cerebral Palsy” (D002547).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"ec1f2b3323773a0907ab3bf0c9cc2c6f3f57ffd32ee073cc446ccc311f73308f","record_id":"D002547","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D002547"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cerebral palsy"},{"id":"cerebrospinal-fluid","reason":"The definition adds that cerebrospinal fluid is \"clear\"; the packet supports only that it is a watery fluid.; The definition states cerebrospinal fluid is “clear,” but the provided packet only describes it as a “watery fluid” and does not mention clarity/being clear.; The rest of the definition is supported, but the added unsupported property makes it fail under the source-only rule.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Cerebrospinal Fluid” (D002555).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"501e6b1b1f88235bd0cf224d852979c4258f583eb3f2e293750fbf111c0dac82","record_id":"D002555","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D002555"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cerebrospinal fluid"},{"id":"cerebrum","reason":"The definition claims the cerebrum is “the largest part of the brain,” but the provided packet text does not state that the cerebrum is the largest part.; The remainder of the description (right/left hemispheres, outer cerebral cortex and subcortical basal ganglia, inclusion of all parts within the skull except medulla oblongata, pons, and cerebellum, and functions including sensorimotor/emotional/intellectual activities) is supported by the packet.; “Largest part of the brain” is not stated in the packet.; “Supports movement and sensation” is an interpretation of “sensorimotor” rather than a direct supported phrasing.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Cerebrum” (D054022).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"0ac370ecc0a428cbc420dda9cbfc8c5cc02f083dbf1b034de2d588d79d1e44db","record_id":"D054022","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D054022"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cerebrum"},{"id":"charlatan","reason":"The definition adds a broad general sense (“using showy or misleading claims and tricks to seem more skilled or effective”) that is not stated in the packet; the source only shows a pejorative label applied to Dr. Willis as “a bit of a charlatan” and “not always above the arts of that character.”; The definition adds an “especially in medical practice” framing that is not stated as part of a definition in the packet; the packet shows medical-related controversy but does not present that as the definitional sense of the word.; The packet does not define “charlatan” in general terms (e.g., “showy or misleading claims and tricks”); it only uses the term to criticize Dr. Willis (“a bit of a charlatan”) and references “the arts of that character.”; The packet’s support is limited to a historical critical context about Willis’s conduct (e.g., ridicule of medical assertions); it does not explicitly support the definition’s specific phrasing about “showy or misleading claims and tricks” or the generalization about “medical practice.”; The phrase “especially in medical practice” is broader than the source warrants. The packet gives a single historical medical example, but does not support a general medical-specific sense as part of the term’s definition.; The second sentence is acceptable as contextual commentary, but the overall entry should not present an unsupported generalized definition from one historical passage as if it were established by the source alone.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-136500-148500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"1e6899d2f062d8676962e4edcf835bd3aa52c0373bca7ce6745a6c8ea6d41b91","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-136500-148500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"charlatan"},{"id":"chemoreceptor-trigger-zone","reason":"The packet does not explicitly define “chemoreceptor trigger zone” as referring to the “area postrema.”; The packet identifies the structure as the area postrema, but it does not state that this is the chemoreceptor trigger zone, so the term-to-structure mapping is unsupported by the supplied source.; The packet states that the area postrema lies outside the blood-brain barrier and acts as an emetic chemoreceptor, but it does not specifically claim that it “can detect substances in the body.”; While the packet supports “acting as an emetic chemoreceptor” (related to vomiting), the definition’s phrasing “contribute to the vomiting response” is not directly stated in the packet.; “Can detect substances in the body” goes beyond the packet’s wording; the packet only says the area postrema lies outside the blood-brain barrier and acts as an emetic chemoreceptor.; “Contribute to the vomiting response” is not stated in the packet in that form; the packet says its functions include acting as an emetic chemoreceptor.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Area Postrema” (D031608).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"eeac0e63f80e791a5c3cd43cd2bd4966cb2fa3b83f633b8415a62a3e53494e92","record_id":"D031608","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D031608"}],"status":"dropped","term":"chemoreceptor trigger zone"},{"id":"chi-square","reason":"The definition is otherwise close to the source, but it adds a usage claim that goes beyond the supplied text.; The packet does not support the claim that chi-square tests are “commonly used” in research.; While the packet supports that chi-square tests (the oldest of these tests) are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ, the definition’s broader wording (“commonly used to examine whether two or more population distributions differ”) is not explicitly supported as stated.; “Commonly used” is not supported by the packet; the packet says only that the oldest chi-square tests are used to detect whether two or more population distributions differ.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Chi-Square Distribution” (D016009).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"f0610ae35c4f7aaadd083b2093f6e6ca607f00cc25c3e8a6631afc303b00d443","record_id":"D016009","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D016009"}],"status":"dropped","term":"chi-square"},{"id":"child-guidance","reason":"The definition adds “early support” as a specific emphasis; the packet supports prevention/prophylactic measures but does not explicitly mention “early support.”; The definition includes “care” (in addition to study), while the packet specifically describes “study and treatment”; “care” is not explicitly supported in the provided source text.; “Care” is broader than the source’s wording of “study and treatment” and is not directly supported as a definitional substitute.; “Early support” is not supported by the source text, which only states emphasis on preventive or prophylactic measures.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Child Guidance” (D002660).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"957ca5a889a8f5c5c6ea8cb3fc43d171e26f4ef64decdbd366b8cfc12d776d73","record_id":"D002660","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D002660"}],"status":"dropped","term":"child guidance"},{"id":"chins","reason":"The definition describes an anatomical structure of the mandible (chin/mentum) rather than anything related to the requested field of cognition.; The field is stated as cognition, but the definition is purely anatomical; the packet’s field eligibility note does not make this a supported cognition sense.; The packet content supports only the anatomical description (chin/mentum, fusion line, mental protuberance, mental foramen); there is no support linking it to cognition.; The term “CHINS” is treated as if it were the word “chin,” but the definition provides no support that this is the intended sense of the term “CHINS” in the packet.; Wrong sense/term pairing: the packet supports the anatomical term “Chin,” not the acronym or plural form “CHINS.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Chin” (D002680).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"0a2ef876b711770586e2cb51f400734d8700313b6fd0b9f925620aac58003ce7","record_id":"D002680","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D002680"}],"status":"dropped","term":"CHINS"},{"id":"choreiform","reason":"Because the definition contains substantial elements (the chorea-like movement description) not supported by the packet, the requested sense is not fully defensible from the supplied source.; The added etymological gloss “resembling chorea” is not stated in the supplied passage, so the definition goes beyond the packet’s support.; The definition states that “choreiform means resembling chorea: involving irregular, involuntary, restless movements,” but the provided packet does not define “choreiform” in those terms (it only uses “choreiform movements” without describing irregular/involuntary/restless qualities).; The definition’s phrasing that, “in this historical passage, it refers to such movements occurring instead of a full epileptic fit,” is only partially supported: the packet says “choreiform movements or psychical equivalents may take the place of the true fit,” which supports substitution for a fit, but it does not explicitly characterize it as a “full epileptic fit.”; The packet supports only that “choreiform movements” may take the place of the true epileptic fit; it does not define the term as involving irregular, involuntary, restless movements.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2656500-2668500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"3e3716b759250e2d3e32971ca5d8167a296e667af466728eb66ea6c8ef16c4be","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2656500-2668500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"choreiform"},{"id":"chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease","reason":"The definition claims COPD “can reduce … physical functioning,” but the packet only explicitly mentions reduced exercise capacity (and discusses physical wellbeing/quality of life in the context of pulmonary rehabilitation). It does not directly support the specific wording about “physical functioning.”; “physical functioning” is not supported by the source packet’s definition of COPD; the packet supports reduced exercise capacity but does not define COPD as reducing physical functioning.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Farley Christopher; Phillips Stuart M.; Smith-Turchyn Jenna; Brooks Dina. Measurement properties of the sit-to-stand test in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis using the COSMIN guidelines. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0316451; article XML SHA-256 6944411fc1fe3969153e195fa0eb11460b99960b729ae2b819479aa4317b30bb. “Measurement properties of the sit-to-stand test in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis using the COSMIN guidelines” (10.1371/journal.pone.0316451).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"008686a39fbe6020c41791c2a74ba794a8425f38bd53541e3f1bcfb7660f0700","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0316451","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0316451; article XML SHA-256 6944411fc1fe3969153e195fa0eb11460b99960b729ae2b819479aa4317b30bb","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11684672","source_snapshot_sha256":"6944411fc1fe3969153e195fa0eb11460b99960b729ae2b819479aa4317b30bb","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316451"}],"status":"dropped","term":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"},{"id":"clinical-neurology","reason":"The definition does not match the supplied term: the packet is for acromegaly, not clinical neurology.; The definition is acceptable only as a description of acromegaly; it is not a definition of the requested term.; The packet content is explicitly for “Acromegaly” (source_label: Acromegaly) and does not support that the term “clinical neurology” should be defined using this text.; The provided definition describes **Acromegaly**, not “clinical neurology.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Acromegaly” (D000172).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"adba023692d5e13c00688901c332521c3da8480fbed88b211f25dd4a78b337d8","record_id":"D000172","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000172"}],"status":"dropped","term":"clinical neurology"},{"id":"closed-head-injury","reason":"Although the packet uses a “closed-head injury model” and studies acute effects of repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) with behavioral (e.g., sensorimotor deficits, increased anxiety-like behavior) and biomarker/histological findings, the definition’s first sentence contains unsupported content beyond what the packet provides.; The packet does not define “closed head injury” as an impact to the head “without an open skull wound,” so that substantive part of the definition is unsupported.; The packet supports a closed-head injury model in rats used for repetitive mild traumatic brain injury, but it does not state the general definitional claim that closed head injury is trauma to the head without an open skull wound.; “Short-term neurobehavioral changes” is only partly supported: the packet reports acute sensorimotor deficits and increased anxiety-like behavior, but not the broader generalization in the definition.; “Signs of brain injury” is too broad for the packet; it reports specific acute findings such as elevated plasma neurofilament light and microglial activation, not a general definition of the term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Giesler Lauren P.; O’Brien William T.; Bain Jesse; Spitz Gershon; Jaehne Emily J.; van den Buuse Maarten; Shultz Sandy R.; Mychasiuk Richelle; McDonald Stuart J.. Investigating the role of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism in repetitive mild traumatic brain injury outcomes in rats. 2025; DOI 10.1186/s12993-025-00270-5; article XML SHA-256 a4536e2b1b92575330b095b267dd140fb43ba6c46218f0b8255ac4e359e401cc. “Investigating the role of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism in repetitive mild traumatic brain injury outcomes in rats” (10.1186/s12993-025-00270-5).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f6ce7b9eaaf647ad86aea2f091386bcb81c1a50ef0feb5c336d5fb603a8d6453","record_id":"10.1186/s12993-025-00270-5","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1186/s12993-025-00270-5; article XML SHA-256 a4536e2b1b92575330b095b267dd140fb43ba6c46218f0b8255ac4e359e401cc","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11884142","source_snapshot_sha256":"a4536e2b1b92575330b095b267dd140fb43ba6c46218f0b8255ac4e359e401cc","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-025-00270-5"}],"status":"dropped","term":"closed head injury"},{"id":"cns","reason":"The packet defines CNS specifically as “the organ system of the mouse,” but the provided definition does not limit CNS to the mouse, so the omission is an unsupported generalization beyond the packet’s scope.; The packet defines a mouse organ system, but the definition generalizes this to CNS as an organ system without the mouse limitation; that broader claim is not supported by the source text.; The source text does not explicitly establish that the term is the central nervous system rather than the narrower source wording alone.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “CNS” (C22605).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a24eb651c27f9fd32842da43bdf77e7ee85bec90568d1d566afb40bba8070141","record_id":"C22605","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"CNS"},{"id":"cocoa","reason":"The phrase “could contribute to brain health” is not explicitly supported in the supplied packet (the packet discusses cognition enhancement, neuroprotective effects, improved blood flow, and decreased pro-inflammatory molecules, but does not describe “brain health”).; The phrase “could contribute to brain health” is not supported by the packet; the source mentions cognition-enhancing, neuroprotective, vasodilating, and anti-inflammatory activities, but not brain health as such.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Cocoa Extract” (C121851).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"313237fbb03d832f3777c982d30b0e71f472618d558fe4290afcc3805b000ddb","record_id":"C121851","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cocoa"},{"id":"coefficient-of-determination","reason":"The claim that higher values mean the model matches the data more closely is supported only in the specific context of model goodness of fit; the definition broadens this into a general rule for the coefficient of determination without packet support.; The packet discusses the “adjusted coefficient of determination” specifically, but the definition refers to the “coefficient of determination” generally without support in the provided text.; The packet supports the adjusted coefficient of determination, not the unadjusted coefficient of determination named in the definition.; While the packet notes that “adjusted coefficient of determination values … are generally high, indicating that the models fit the data well overall,” it does not explicitly support the definition’s phrasing that “higher adjusted coefficient of determination values mean the model matches the data more closely” as a general description of the measure’s meaning.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh Navid. Application of alternative nonlinear models to predict growth curve in partridges. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0321680; article XML SHA-256 6aefd54a3368fbe8b199480e977cb702cc0e8d80528407385f2f2e7a9f02e758. “Application of alternative nonlinear models to predict growth curve in partridges” (10.1371/journal.pone.0321680).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3d52051448d17bb6a452bd5543ec8001de33ff621110c71c8e8fdbf9131d46d1","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321680","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0321680; article XML SHA-256 6aefd54a3368fbe8b199480e977cb702cc0e8d80528407385f2f2e7a9f02e758","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11999107","source_snapshot_sha256":"6aefd54a3368fbe8b199480e977cb702cc0e8d80528407385f2f2e7a9f02e758","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321680"}],"status":"dropped","term":"coefficient of determination"},{"id":"coefficient-of-multiple-determination","reason":"The definition is placed in the field “cognition,” but the packet content concerns markerless motion capture and biomechanical analysis in pole vault (not cognition).; The definition narrows the term to a general measure for matching two continuous series across a waveform or trajectory; the packet supports its use here for continuous waveform agreement, but not as a cognition dictionary entry.; The definition’s claim that “Higher values indicate stronger overall agreement” is not explicitly supported in the packet; the packet only reports that certain values exceeded thresholds for waveform agreement.; The definition’s examples (“movement displacement, velocity, or joint-angle patterns”) are only indirectly referenced via variables reported in the packet, but the core definitional relationship (how the coefficient functions) remains unsupported.; The provided packet does not define what the “coefficient of multiple determination” measures (e.g., it does not state that it is an index of agreement between two continuous measurement sets across a waveform/trajectory).; The supplied source is a biomechanics/sport-science article, not a cognition source, so the requested field is not defensible from the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Bissas Athanassios; Cronin Neil J.. Evaluating markerless biomechanical analysis in a real-world pole vault competition setting. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0329987; article XML SHA-256 6b75b73152353eba0aa44588d2aed11a02899fd83585013c6384ffeb7d56bc8f. “Evaluating markerless biomechanical analysis in a real-world pole vault competition setting” (10.1371/journal.pone.0329987).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c7fe5d006a392b2439f1f336201882e73dc3d87902308e8280a9259cc38a6abd","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0329987","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0329987; article XML SHA-256 6b75b73152353eba0aa44588d2aed11a02899fd83585013c6384ffeb7d56bc8f","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13028377","source_snapshot_sha256":"6b75b73152353eba0aa44588d2aed11a02899fd83585013c6384ffeb7d56bc8f","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0329987"}],"status":"dropped","term":"coefficient of multiple determination"},{"id":"coefficient-of-variation","reason":"The definition’s content is mostly supported, but the overall field assignment (“cognition”) is not supported by the packet.; The provided field is \"cognition\", but the packet describes the coefficient of variation as a statistical measure and discusses estimation/inference under censoring schemes in life-testing experiments; it does not support relating CV to cognition.; The supplied source supports the term as a statistical measure, not as a cognition-specific concept; the requested field is therefore not defensible from the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Aljohani Hassan M; Alharthi Amirah Saeed; Almohri Wafa Ali J; Aljeddani Sadiah M A; Alsubaie Nahaa Eid; El-Sharkawy Walaa A. Simulation-based approach with an adaptive Type-II hybrid progressive censoring scheme to study the coefficient of variation of the weighted exponential distribution. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0337982; article XML SHA-256 b087e3ebd20538b57279bc1b57fe9b6b68ba8303d58df10010a795f545cc965a. “Simulation-based approach with an adaptive Type-II hybrid progressive censoring scheme to study the coefficient of variation of the weighted exponential distribution” (10.1371/journal.pone.0337982).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b74ea8e6248a4de1b14f5b66962b219712b0be2474f01a6c2dc2f35c6e682fd1","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0337982","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0337982; article XML SHA-256 b087e3ebd20538b57279bc1b57fe9b6b68ba8303d58df10010a795f545cc965a","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13521577","source_snapshot_sha256":"b087e3ebd20538b57279bc1b57fe9b6b68ba8303d58df10010a795f545cc965a","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0337982"}],"status":"dropped","term":"coefficient of variation"},{"id":"cogito-ergo-sum","reason":"The definition adds an interpretive claim about “early philosophical expression of mental unity” that is broader than the packet’s wording and not directly stated there.; The packet does not state (or summarize) that “cogito ergo sum” names Descartes’ claim that thinking establishes the thinker’s existence; it only mentions Descartes’ phrase in connection with Kant’s “ich denke” and the “transcendental unity of apperception.”; The packet links Descartes’ “cogito ergo sum” to Kant’s “ich denke” and the “transcendental unity of apperception,” but it does not support the gloss that the phrase means the act of thinking establishes the thinker’s existence.; The packet mentions “Des cartes' ‘cogito ergo sum’ is followed by Kant's ‘ich denke,’ a principle of the ‘transcendental unity of apperception,’” but it does not explicitly frame this as a “later paralleled” unifying “I think” claim in the way the definition describes.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Mental Unity” (Mental Unity).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"bb13cf5ac293a7531d2324734dd49dae1ce69add041aa5573a3506bcd18abb90","record_id":"Mental Unity","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"8b32490691ea7d2008386303c38e89e7095b53d77b856c9b583bc3707f6416f3","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/M2defs.htm#Mental Unity"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cogito ergo sum"},{"id":"cognex","reason":"The definition adds a drug-name/sense distinction that is not established by the source text, which only describes the substance’s properties and mechanisms.; The packet describes tacrine hydrochloride (a salt form of tacrine) and its properties/mechanisms, but it does not state that “Cognex” is a brand name for tacrine hydrochloride, so that substantive claim is unsupported by the packet.; The packet identifies the entry as tacrine hydrochloride, not as the brand name Cognex; the brand-name claim is unsupported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Tacrine Hydrochloride” (C47742).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"66e1e5213a94bc1582257073e04071183efd69acb2f0ae48467d0c6d9589c2fc","record_id":"C47742","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Cognex"},{"id":"cognitive-behavioral-group-therapy","reason":"The claim that cognitive behavioral group therapy uses standard CBT elements such as exposure to feared situations is not directly supported for CBGT in the packet; the exposure example is stated for internet-based CBT, not CBGT.; The definition claims that the in-person form “uses standard CBT elements such as exposure to feared situations,” but the packet only explicitly describes this “exposure to feared situations” component in the context of the Internet-based CBT (ICBT) having the same components as conventional CBT—not specifically for CBGT.; The definition relies on a source-specific effectiveness claim (“well-established and effective”) that is historical study language and should not be presented as current clinical consensus without qualification.; The wording is partly meta-referential (“In the source packet”) rather than a standalone dictionary definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Hedman Erik; Andersson Gerhard; Ljótsson Brjánn; Andersson Erik; Rück Christian; Mörtberg Ewa; Lindefors Nils. Internet-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy vs. Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Non-inferiority Trial. 2011; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0018001; article XML SHA-256 07542cb3960ca0250f87117d9612985511f8f646833fd41eb11158275749c694. “Internet-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy vs. Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Non-inferiority Trial” (10.1371/journal.pone.0018001).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e458ca650a0205a814861b2fd53f87ad5d02559a3037eaea91f93cd5d6dd649a","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0018001","revision":"2011; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0018001; article XML SHA-256 07542cb3960ca0250f87117d9612985511f8f646833fd41eb11158275749c694","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc3070741","source_snapshot_sha256":"07542cb3960ca0250f87117d9612985511f8f646833fd41eb11158275749c694","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018001"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cognitive behavioral group therapy"},{"id":"cognitive-consistency-theory","reason":"Because the core theoretical premise in the first sentence is unsupported, the overall definition cannot be fully supported by the packet even though the latter workplace/green spillover elements partially align with the packet’s description (in-role green behavior leading to psychological changes such as reflective moral attentiveness and person–organization fit, which induce extra-role green behavior).; The added explanation about employees adjusting views of morality or organizational fit is only partially supported by the packet’s specific mediators (reflective moral attentiveness and person-organization fit) and should not be presented as the theory’s general meaning.; The definition goes beyond the packet by turning a study-specific spillover result into a broad definition of the term.; The definition’s first sentence (“people tend to want their actions and psychological reactions to fit together”) is a general characterization that is not stated in the provided packet.; The packet uses cognitive consistency theory as a framing device but does not define it as a general principle that people want their actions and psychological reactions to fit together.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Wang Xinnan; Jin Jiafei; Xu Jialiang; Khan Mehedi Hasan. Are women more likely to engage in extra green behaviors in the workplace? Gender differences in the spillover effect from employee in-role to extra-role green behavior. 2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1516658; article XML SHA-256 0ce100db187645d6ac31076ba97b9ab266b829987a30d6b6633a4a6c9c76fbfb. “Are women more likely to engage in extra green behaviors in the workplace? 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Is the expression of different discrete emotions related to time? Evidence from online Chinese reviews using sentiment analysis and human behavior dynamics. 2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1321582; article XML SHA-256 f73b0314619c43398541916d4fe1d6ff70c45d49537987b802019a311c0aa69f. “Is the expression of different discrete emotions related to time? 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No Evidence of Narrowly Defined Cognitive Penetrability in Unambiguous Vision. 2017; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00852; article XML SHA-256 16d499eb2250cc8b1d754f296d28bca1856d2f9807dabeb25e6af3896a4d9020. “No Evidence of Narrowly Defined Cognitive Penetrability in Unambiguous Vision” (10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00852).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"beebf74b789a98709e4c90544c37aaa7c664c5dfcaf1259b448566c17cc0da12","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00852","revision":"2017; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00852; article XML SHA-256 16d499eb2250cc8b1d754f296d28bca1856d2f9807dabeb25e6af3896a4d9020","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc5502270","source_snapshot_sha256":"16d499eb2250cc8b1d754f296d28bca1856d2f9807dabeb25e6af3896a4d9020","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00852"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cognitive penetrability"},{"id":"collusion","reason":"The definition adds a contrast with involuntary muscular cues alone that is about muscle reading generally, not a documented definition of collusion.; The packet does not define \"collusion\" as secret cooperation; it only says feats involving collusion or fraud are not considered in the muscle-reading discussion.; The packet does not define “collusion”; it only states parenthetically that “feats involving collusion or fraud are not considered in this connection,” without explaining what collusion entails (e.g., secret cooperation, deception by working together).; The packet does not support the specific sense of collusion as working together to make an apparent mind-reading or muscle-reading feat seem genuine.; The specific wording in the definition about “secret cooperation” and “deception by working together” is not supported anywhere in the provided packet text.; While the packet does support a contrast between performances explained by involuntary muscular contractions and excluded cases involving “collusion or fraud,” the requested sense/meaning of “collusion” is not supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Muscle Reading” (Muscle Reading).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"beaf826291848b1ececde89348bd9ba8572929356a3183ce4eb8d74a9783ce69","record_id":"Muscle Reading","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"65bda23f294e6b85adca79f9a6684290b2c0dfd8b7c7860ee849546a7f9480c1","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/M5defs.htm#Muscle Reading"}],"status":"dropped","term":"collusion"},{"id":"commitment","reason":"The definition broadens the scope beyond the packet by describing a general “legal handling” of persons with psychiatric disorders; the source only explicitly states that commitment is included among the legal aspects of psychiatry.; The definition states that commitment is “understood as a psychiatry-related legal matter rather than a clinical diagnosis itself,” but the provided packet does not explicitly support a contrast against clinical diagnosis; it only describes “Psychiatry in its legal aspects” and lists related topics (including commitment of persons with psychiatric disorders).; The packet supports commitment as a topic within psychiatry in its legal aspects, including commitment of persons with psychiatric disorders, but it does not support the added contrast that this is “rather than a clinical diagnosis itself.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Forensic Psychiatry” (D005555).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"83b3e00e759c45e40af297cb1ce2489d013aa7a68c0728114e216bdb53842618","record_id":"D005555","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D005555"}],"status":"dropped","term":"commitment"},{"id":"complementary-and-alternative-medicine","reason":"The definition claims CAM is “widely used alongside or instead of conventional medicine,” but the supplied packet does not explicitly state that CAM is used alongside or instead of conventional medicine (it reports worldwide increases in CAM use and discusses factors for popularity, but not this “alongside or instead” framing).; The packet supports CAM as diverse nutritional products and physical/physiological practices, but it does not explicitly support the claim that these approaches are used “alongside or instead of conventional medicine.”; The packet supports reasons such as dissatisfaction with conventional medicine, belief that CAM is natural or safe, and a desire to take an active role in healthcare decisions, but the definition adds broader framing (“broad set of nonconventional health approaches”) that is not directly established in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Naja Farah; Ahmad Maiss; Shatila Hibeh; Abu Shihab Katia Hazim N; Naalbandian Sally; Saqan Roba; Alzubaidi Hamzah; Hijazi Mohamad Ali. 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Directional leads applied to spinal cord stimulation: A computational modelling study. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0345287; article XML SHA-256 6d441dd1ca787df3b46b199e38f3342b9c4531d71da57877f4655e05c39e3b5f. “Directional leads applied to spinal cord stimulation: A computational modelling study” (10.1371/journal.pone.0345287).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7d0e63b40f366661558c364067e22d6a77e74f110b92b362dfb63902ce0fbea9","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0345287","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0345287; article XML SHA-256 6d441dd1ca787df3b46b199e38f3342b9c4531d71da57877f4655e05c39e3b5f","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13046245","source_snapshot_sha256":"6d441dd1ca787df3b46b199e38f3342b9c4531d71da57877f4655e05c39e3b5f","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0345287"}],"status":"dropped","term":"compound action potential"},{"id":"conative","reason":"The definition adds broader interpretive wording (“impulse in mental life,” “more broadly than bodily appetite alone”) that is not explicitly supported by the provided excerpt.; The gloss “action-oriented wants or urges” goes beyond the packet’s wording and adds an interpretive characterization not stated in the source.; The packet does not directly define “conative” as “tendencies of striving or impulse”; it only says that “Appetite” is “applied to conative tendencies of all sorts,” and that for these “appetence (or appetency) and impulse are better.”; The packet does not support the claim that the phrase “conative tendencies” in this source means “action-oriented wants or urges more broadly than bodily appetite alone.” The text contrasts “appetite” with “impulse” and discusses appetite as an organic need, but it does not spell out “action-oriented wants/urges” as the meaning of “conative.”; “Striving” is not supported by the packet; the source only says “conative tendencies of all sorts” and recommends the terms “appetence” or “impulse” instead.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Appetite” (Appetite).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"79686fcd31cd80e8732ae3f16fb8944018337fb9504cc717ab05e6a88db8e3cb","record_id":"Appetite","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4927c23af9f8634f81fb0f69aa3aeaf9cbb28d0eb46fd02788ecd81d7864600","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A4defs.htm#Appetite"}],"status":"dropped","term":"conative"},{"id":"concept-acquisition","reason":"Because the key defining characterization in the first sentence is not explicitly supported by the packet, the definition as a whole does not meet the requirement that every substantive claim be supported by the provided source text.; The claim that the source identifies a process of learning words and concepts is broader than the packet’s scope; the text focuses on explanatory factors (input frequency, concreteness/imageability, external modalities, interoceptive features, and social interaction) rather than a definition of concept acquisition itself.; The definition compresses multiple claims into one sentence and reads like a synthesized gloss rather than a source-grounded definition tied to the packet’s specific sense.; The definition’s first sentence claims that “concept acquisition is the process through which words and concepts are learned and come to have meaning in cognitive development.” The packet does not define concept acquisition in these terms; it discusses age of acquisition (AoA), concept grounding/groundability, and meaning acquisition via the symbol grounding problem, but not a definition of concept acquisition as “learning words and coming to have meaning.”; The packet supports discussion of factors affecting age of acquisition and concept groundability, but it does not define concept acquisition as the general process through which words and concepts are learned and come to have meaning in cognitive development.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Thill Serge; Twomey Katherine E.. What's on the Inside Counts: A Grounded Account of Concept Acquisition and Development. 2016; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00402; article XML SHA-256 fc9aa5657b62006a7a2c7ce780d870ddbcb6227b223ae9efe4b7841d1ee9411e. “What's on the Inside Counts: A Grounded Account of Concept Acquisition and Development” (10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00402).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c10235ca2f95262c26df8dd5ecc777f877f388dadfdd00538804f32b2a2cc401","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00402","revision":"2016; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00402; article XML SHA-256 fc9aa5657b62006a7a2c7ce780d870ddbcb6227b223ae9efe4b7841d1ee9411e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc4804724","source_snapshot_sha256":"fc9aa5657b62006a7a2c7ce780d870ddbcb6227b223ae9efe4b7841d1ee9411e","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00402"}],"status":"dropped","term":"concept acquisition"},{"id":"conceptual-complexity","reason":"The definition claims conceptual complexity broadly refers to “how complicated a concept is in the mind” and “features that can make it harder to process or distinguish,” but the packet only mentions specific example components (“how confusable a concept is with other, similar concepts” and “the diversity of the contexts in which a concept appears”) rather than defining complexity in terms of mind-complication or processing/distinguishability.; The definition’s second sentence is only partially supported: the packet supports the ideas of confusability and diversity of contexts, but it does not explicitly frame these as “factors” capturing complexity beyond that illustrative list (the definition treats them as the core reflection of conceptual complexity).; The packet does not define “conceptual complexity” as a general property of how complicated a concept is in the mind; it only mentions it as a category of variables and gives examples such as confusability with similar concepts and diversity of contexts.; The wording broadens the source beyond what is supported by the packet, which specifically treats these as related variables rather than a full definition of the term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Davis Charles P; Yee Eiling. Is time an embodied property of concepts?. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0290997; article XML SHA-256 aef9b2522eb68618071d445d180baa10f1b592332530cca4dc45239a0101d73e. “Is time an embodied property of concepts?” (10.1371/journal.pone.0290997).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"47df75461cf5cade00bb7491a8d82ab2989e6be3bd410318ad237a1358087f7d","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0290997","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0290997; article XML SHA-256 aef9b2522eb68618071d445d180baa10f1b592332530cca4dc45239a0101d73e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10479924","source_snapshot_sha256":"aef9b2522eb68618071d445d180baa10f1b592332530cca4dc45239a0101d73e","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290997"}],"status":"dropped","term":"conceptual complexity"},{"id":"conciliation","reason":"Because the key descriptive elements of the definition (calming/persuading/competition of cooperation; gentle vs force) are not explicitly present in the supplied passage, the requested sense is not defensibly supported.; The definition adds interpretive details (‘gentle handling rather than force’) that are not directly stated in the passage, so it goes beyond the supplied historical evidence.; The definition’s claim that conciliation is contrasted with “coercive or punitive measures” is only partially supported: the text contrasts conciliation failing with “torment” methods (hunger, chains, flogging), but it does not clearly establish conciliation as non-coercive or “gentle.”; The packet does not define “conciliation” as “trying to calm, persuade, or win the patient’s cooperation” or as “gentle handling rather than force.” It only states that “Should conciliation fail, patients must be cured by some sort of torment,” without describing what conciliation consists of in those terms.; The packet only supports that conciliation was something attempted before harsher measures; it does not explicitly support the fuller gloss ‘trying to calm, persuade, or win the patient’s cooperation by gentle handling.’","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-94500-106500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"d56d08af3a34a3879098afc5d01e55550e09c9d824ca7f3784dc781cf8f5b7fa","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-94500-106500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"conciliation"},{"id":"conditional-discrimination","reason":"Because the “condition or cue determines correctness rather than one stimulus always being correct” phrasing is not directly stated in the supplied packet, that substantive part of the definition is unsupported by the source.; The definition adds general explanatory wording that is not established by the supplied source text; the packet only shows the term used for a weight-based task, not a standalone definition of the concept.; The packet supports that conditional discriminations are contrasted with simple discriminations and described as more cognitively demanding, but it does not explicitly support the fuller definitional claim that the correct response depends on a particular condition or cue rather than on one stimulus always being correct.; The packet supports that the study contrasts conditional discrimination with simple discrimination and suggests conditional discriminations are more cognitively demanding, but it does not explicitly define conditional discrimination as one where “the correct response depends on a particular condition or cue.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Lambert Poppy J; Rippel-Rachle Antonia; Auersperg Alice M I. Testing weight-based conditional discrimination in Goffin’s cockatoos, Cacatua goffiniana. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0338604; article XML SHA-256 ac76bc9b38bc386daa42df6df012b1ff431fdf85207a14b0f20fb817458473f8. “Testing weight-based conditional discrimination in Goffin’s cockatoos, Cacatua goffiniana” (10.1371/journal.pone.0338604).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2b66361d6bc38e192265de6269c56b4bc29c502466558a6969fb4697ee340ad8","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0338604","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0338604; article XML SHA-256 ac76bc9b38bc386daa42df6df012b1ff431fdf85207a14b0f20fb817458473f8","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12716734","source_snapshot_sha256":"ac76bc9b38bc386daa42df6df012b1ff431fdf85207a14b0f20fb817458473f8","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0338604"}],"status":"dropped","term":"conditional discrimination"},{"id":"confidentiality","reason":"The definition adds an ethical duty (“the duty to protect it”) that is not stated in the source packet, which defines confidentiality only as the privacy of information and its protection against unauthorized disclosure.; The definition adds the concept of a specific “duty” to protect information, but the packet text only states privacy and protection against unauthorized disclosure, without mentioning any duty/obligation.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Confidentiality” (D003219).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"39a529d589d144a2a4f98bfa88a45e7d2a26c9868bd77aff9f27ceaf4ecdf080","record_id":"D003219","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D003219"}],"status":"dropped","term":"confidentiality"},{"id":"confrontation-naming","reason":"The claim that confrontation naming is “often included in aphasia screening” is not directly supported; the packet only provides evidence for inclusion in one specific screening tool (SAST) rather than establishing frequency across screening generally.; The claim that it is \"often included\" in aphasia screening is too broad for the packet; it supports only this specific screening test and a general list of screening tests, not frequency or common inclusion across the field.; The definition adds functional detail about what the task measures and how it is used that is not explicitly supported by the supplied source text.; The packet mentions a subtest named “visual confrontation naming” within the Serbian Aphasia Screening Test, but it does not define “confrontation naming” as measuring naming ability when items are presented directly (e.g., through visual prompts).; The packet supports that visual confrontation naming is a subtest in an aphasia screening test, but it does not define confrontation naming as the task of naming items from direct visual prompts.; While the packet supports that the SAST is an aphasia screening assessment with multiple subtests evaluating language abilities, it does not explicitly state that confrontation naming is used specifically as “one part of evaluating language impairment” in the way the definition phrases it.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Vuković Mile; Milovanović Tanja; Teovanović Predrag; Stojanovik Vesna. Evaluation of reliability and validity of the Serbian Aphasia Screening Test. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0304565; article XML SHA-256 78498dcd6603e75de01baebb8ea4c50808249381edfbaf40a61f8df1848e17e9. “Evaluation of reliability and validity of the Serbian Aphasia Screening Test” (10.1371/journal.pone.0304565).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a04077831468f8c1b0dcfb02b5e46bf50db5bf9f85f25485aa56b9ca2735200b","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0304565","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0304565; article XML SHA-256 78498dcd6603e75de01baebb8ea4c50808249381edfbaf40a61f8df1848e17e9","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11142518","source_snapshot_sha256":"78498dcd6603e75de01baebb8ea4c50808249381edfbaf40a61f8df1848e17e9","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304565"}],"status":"dropped","term":"confrontation naming"},{"id":"congenital-visual-impairment","reason":"Although the packet discusses that “abnormal visual experiences during early-life may adversely affect integration in congenitally visually impaired children,” it does not directly support the wording “altered visual integration” as stated in the definition.; The definition states that the condition is “reduced vision that is present from birth,” but the supplied packet does not explicitly define congenital visual impairment as reduced vision present from birth.; The packet does not directly support the gloss “reduced vision that is present from birth”; it refers to children with congenital visual impairment but does not define the term in those words.; The packet supports that children aged 4–17 with congenital visual impairment show “heightened intensity of Müller-Lyer illusion compared to visually normal counterparts,” but the overall definition includes additional elements (especially the birth/present-from-birth phrasing) that are not supported.; “Altered visual integration” is only indirectly suggested by the paper’s discussion that early-life abnormal visual experiences may adversely affect integration, not stated as a direct description of the condition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Lin Na; Chen Bichi; Yang Maoyuan; Lu Fan; Deng Ruzhi. Low vision aids and age are associated with Müller-Lyer illusion in congenital visually impaired children. 2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1278554; article XML SHA-256 33e947b103216eaf7c15b9c2597bd6c89c7e4f6114d027b5fa0a8878ab381199. “Low vision aids and age are associated with Müller-Lyer illusion in congenital visually impaired children” (10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1278554).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a503bbb8ca39ff196bb3eabcf776aba362810f91efed6d854975e6bc3fdca6cd","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1278554","revision":"2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1278554; article XML SHA-256 33e947b103216eaf7c15b9c2597bd6c89c7e4f6114d027b5fa0a8878ab381199","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10704360","source_snapshot_sha256":"33e947b103216eaf7c15b9c2597bd6c89c7e4f6114d027b5fa0a8878ab381199","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1278554"}],"status":"dropped","term":"congenital visual impairment"},{"id":"conscious-resistance","reason":"The definition adds a general account of ‘deliberate mental effort’ and ‘integrating scattered impressions or events to restore continuity’ that goes beyond the packet’s specific claim about conscious and resistant active efforts against digital fragmentation.; The definition frames the concept as pushing back to “reconnect” experience into a “more coherent whole”; while the packet points to reconstructing continuity and a “more complete… generative model,” the exact wording about “reconnected into a more coherent whole” is not directly supported as phrased.; The packet supports the idea that “conscious” and “resistant active efforts” are needed to respond to digital fragmentation and to reconstruct “experiential continuity,” but it does not explicitly define the process as “integrating scattered impressions or events,” so that specificity is not supported.; The packet uses the phrase to describe aesthetic experience in art education, not a developmental psychology concept, so the requested field is not well supported.; ‘Support fuller growth in experience’ is broader than the packet’s wording and is not stated as a supported definitional component.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zhang Fangting. “Art as Experience” revisited: Dewey’s aesthetic cognition theory in the age of fragmented perception. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1805282; article XML SHA-256 2516a472475482c12be0666037cdb89b3843ed92d798e9a7cfa82f8254d490e2. ““Art as Experience” revisited: Dewey’s aesthetic cognition theory in the age of fragmented perception” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1805282).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a4ace3da4b75eab062c2163ab4099d7f8d31812d865f5fc03ebd2228aba55bfe","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1805282","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1805282; article XML SHA-256 2516a472475482c12be0666037cdb89b3843ed92d798e9a7cfa82f8254d490e2","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13449284","source_snapshot_sha256":"2516a472475482c12be0666037cdb89b3843ed92d798e9a7cfa82f8254d490e2","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1805282"}],"status":"dropped","term":"conscious resistance"},{"id":"consumer-behavior","reason":"The packet defines consumer behavior as “Behavior associated with the procurement of goods, services, or experiences,” but the provided definition adds an additional psychology-specific gloss (“how people act when they acquire what they want or need”) that is not stated or supported in the packet text.; The phrase “what they want or need” is an unsupported generalization beyond the packet’s wording about procurement of goods, services, or experiences.; The second sentence adds an unsupported psychology-specific gloss (“In psychology-related use...”) that is not stated in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Consumer Behavior” (D003258).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"7fe29de4045b2be1877416bce670d2b4ba4c2fc7ede2876b21f60f37cd611a3d","record_id":"D003258","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D003258"}],"status":"dropped","term":"consumer behavior"},{"id":"contents-of-consciousness","reason":"The definition’s first sentence (“distinguishable mental items that make up conscious experience”) is not stated in the provided packet.; The definition’s second sentence adds that the contents are “kinds of contents that can become linked through experience” such that “the return of one tends to bring back another.” While a similar idea appears in the packet’s description of association (when one content recurs, the other tends to recur), the packet links this explicitly to “association of ideas,” not to a general definition of “contents of consciousness.”; The packet does not define the term “contents of consciousness.” It defines “Association (of ideas)” as a union between mental dispositions corresponding to “two or more distinguishable contents of consciousness,” but it does not give a standalone definition of what “contents of consciousness” are.; The phrase 'make up conscious experience' is an unsupported paraphrase not stated in the packet and is broader than the source text.; The source defines association between mental dispositions corresponding to distinguishable contents of consciousness; it does not define the contents themselves as the items that become linked through experience.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Association (of ideas)” (Association (of ideas)).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"da0172718d60f5d86fc53293b0f0f9e6b9e9deb9d60c679779637ec7c1be867d","record_id":"Association (of ideas)","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"3080439997a24e7c6c40f6041855e46b506dddf3e7233aab182df3138865ab0e","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A5defs.htm#Association (of ideas)"}],"status":"dropped","term":"contents of consciousness"},{"id":"continuance-commitment","reason":"The definition adds an explanatory description of the construct that is not stated in the supplied source text; a citation or general background is not enough to support that sense here.; The definition claims that continuance commitment is “higher among public sector employees, likely reflecting greater security,” which is broadly supported by the packet (“Public sector employees demonstrated higher levels of continuance commitment, likely due to job security”), but the additional explanation about “mainly because leaving would feel too costly or risky” is not supported.; The definition states that continuance commitment involves staying because leaving would feel “too costly or risky,” but the provided packet does not define continuance commitment in those terms or describe it as “costly or risky.”; The packet supports that continuance commitment was higher among public sector employees and that this was likely due to job security, but it does not define continuance commitment as staying because leaving would feel too costly or risky.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Todorović Dušan; Mitić Petar M.; Stojiljković Nenad; Olanescu Mihai; Suciu Adrian; Popa Danut. Organizational commitment in the private and public sectors: a regression analysis based on personality traits, subjective wellbeing, organizational orientations, and perceived employment uncertainty in Serbia. 2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1442990; article XML SHA-256 4ea4f0a29bd5ab48e66c450e3195186eded23bdcef6ebe72df6d206c2c886ec0. “Organizational commitment in the private and public sectors: a regression analysis based on personality traits, subjective wellbeing, organizational orientations, and perceived employment uncertainty in Serbia” (10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1442990).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"60a0e965eec1ea44d6c6030455a8b2a9ea0b344e3da34cca3e61ed8a75af5173","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1442990","revision":"2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1442990; article XML SHA-256 4ea4f0a29bd5ab48e66c450e3195186eded23bdcef6ebe72df6d206c2c886ec0","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11563953","source_snapshot_sha256":"4ea4f0a29bd5ab48e66c450e3195186eded23bdcef6ebe72df6d206c2c886ec0","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1442990"}],"status":"dropped","term":"continuance commitment"},{"id":"contralateral-eye","reason":"Because the definition’s first sentence is not directly supported by an explicit statement in the packet, the full requested sense cannot be considered defensibly supported.; The definition adds a broader contrastive statement about visual pathway input that is not explicitly supported by the source text.; The packet supports this term only in the context of retinotopic maps in the visual wulst, not as a general definition for any brain area or neural map.; The packet uses the terms “contralateral eye” and “ipsilateral eye” in experiments on the visual wulst, but it does not explicitly define “contralateral eye” as “the eye on the side opposite to the brain area or neural map being discussed.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Michael Neethu; Löwel Siegrid; Bischof Hans-Joachim. Features of the Retinotopic Representation in the Visual Wulst of a Laterally Eyed Bird, the Zebra Finch ( Taeniopygia guttata ). 2015; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0124917; article XML SHA-256 f1be19e54551ecc6ae2036629cee4779fd9ac52bce5dfc9df057a6cde23409d5. “Features of the Retinotopic Representation in the Visual Wulst of a Laterally Eyed Bird, the Zebra Finch ( Taeniopygia guttata )” (10.1371/journal.pone.0124917).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"19364211885f75e2b9732ddf34e88467bea700b22013af8902cf9961ce6140db","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0124917","revision":"2015; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0124917; article XML SHA-256 f1be19e54551ecc6ae2036629cee4779fd9ac52bce5dfc9df057a6cde23409d5","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc4390349","source_snapshot_sha256":"f1be19e54551ecc6ae2036629cee4779fd9ac52bce5dfc9df057a6cde23409d5","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124917"}],"status":"dropped","term":"contralateral eye"},{"id":"control-condition","reason":"Although the packet mentions “Glass's Δ SD pre measurement or control condition” and notes this is used when “experimental manipulation might affect the SD,” the packet does not define what a “control condition” is in general terms beyond that usage.; The definition’s first claim—“comparison group or situation in an independent-groups study … used as a reference for judging the effects of an experimental manipulation”—is not supported by the provided packet text.; The definition’s wording about using the control condition’s standard deviation as a reference is only partially supported (the packet supports the idea of using SD from the pre-measurement or control condition), but the full narrative framing is not explicitly stated in the packet.; The packet supports only a specific effect-size standardizer use of “control condition” in Glass’s Δ, not the broader general definition as a comparison group or situation used to judge an experimental manipulation.; The phrase “comparison group or situation in an independent-groups study” is not stated in the source passage and goes beyond what is supported there.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Frontiers: Calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science. 2013 volume 4; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863. “Calculating and reporting effect sizes” (9b939b04f5240b5c5c85).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"8119d952ad9c7e05489b4beff9c45852b2191b238c51c09d35a58728baec6cdd","record_id":"9b939b04f5240b5c5c85","revision":"2013 volume 4; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"frontiers","source_snapshot_sha256":"f2e51782a66eebcd47f09f5d4ce87bbd24842742901d81ef6f0f1f2643ab1c96","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863/full"}],"status":"dropped","term":"control condition"},{"id":"convoy-model-of-social-relations","reason":"Because the core explanatory description in the definition is not provided in the packet, the requested sense of the term is not defensibly supported by the supplied source text.; The claim that it is about people and social resources surrounding someone across different living situations goes beyond the packet’s wording, which only links social resources, living arrangements, and depression among older adults.; The packet does not define the convoy model itself; it only says the study’s results are consistent with it, so the definition’s explanation of the model is not directly supported.; The packet does not explicitly define what the “convoy model of social relations” is or how it conceptualizes “people and social resources surrounding someone” across living situations; it only states that the study’s results are “consistent with the convoy model of social relations.”; The packet does not support the specific claim that “stronger social support can help protect older adults from depression” as a direct implication of the convoy model (the packet reports associations between living arrangements and depressive symptoms, but does not tie that statement specifically to the convoy model).; The statement that stronger social support can protect older adults from depression is a study inference in this packet, not a supported general definition of the convoy model of social relations.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Wangliu Yiqi; Chen Ji-Kang. Living arrangements, household registration status and depression among older adults in mainland China. 2026; DOI 10.1186/s12889-026-26765-y; article XML SHA-256 526158ae41d650b1030805f8850d311f8a225e2546d177fec3a94bbc84f4f9f0. “Living arrangements, household registration status and depression among older adults in mainland China” (10.1186/s12889-026-26765-y).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b7f935780a2f4a3c542ced179cb75329105f51bb62b5e67644a7ccdd30bfc2a9","record_id":"10.1186/s12889-026-26765-y","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1186/s12889-026-26765-y; article XML SHA-256 526158ae41d650b1030805f8850d311f8a225e2546d177fec3a94bbc84f4f9f0","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13049835","source_snapshot_sha256":"526158ae41d650b1030805f8850d311f8a225e2546d177fec3a94bbc84f4f9f0","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-26765-y"}],"status":"dropped","term":"convoy model of social relations"},{"id":"convulsive-disorder","reason":"The claim that this history “may increase the likelihood of later seizures” is only supported in the packet’s statement that patients with “a history of convulsive disorder … [are] more likely to have seizures,” but the definition’s wording (“diagnostic term” and “later seizures”) goes beyond what is explicitly stated.; The packet does not describe “convulsive disorder” as a diagnostic term or define it as such; it only refers to “history of convulsive disorder” as a covariate/risk factor.; The packet only shows “history of convulsive disorder” as a covariate and notes that such history has been reported to be associated with later seizures; it does not support defining the term itself as a diagnostic term for a condition involving convulsions or seizures.; The wording generalizes beyond the source by treating this as a settled diagnostic definition rather than a usage in one study’s background section.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Hatano Masakazu; Yamada Kaho; Matsuzaki Haruna; Yokoi Rina; Saito Takeo; Yamada Shigeki. Analysis of clozapine-induced seizures using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0287122; article XML SHA-256 571e9ef4e0ab3794820ba0b26b2be87163791093e6240504f7109dd0a811a331. “Analysis of clozapine-induced seizures using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database” (10.1371/journal.pone.0287122).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c3d11bcd9653c17792d51b5c0bb9f475f0e39c55d1ef39b9ec3d182e95a69e26","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0287122","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0287122; article XML SHA-256 571e9ef4e0ab3794820ba0b26b2be87163791093e6240504f7109dd0a811a331","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10259781","source_snapshot_sha256":"571e9ef4e0ab3794820ba0b26b2be87163791093e6240504f7109dd0a811a331","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287122"}],"status":"dropped","term":"convulsive disorder"},{"id":"cooperating-teacher","reason":"The definition adds that a cooperating teacher is an “experienced school teacher,” but the packet does not state that role or level of experience.; The definition’s wording (“ongoing interactions” shaping professional development and teacher identity) is partly supported by the packet’s focus on interactions and measured TI, but the packet does not provide enough support for the broader, generalized framing of the role as stated.; The packet does not explicitly define a “cooperating teacher” as an “experienced school teacher.”; The packet supports interaction during the teaching practicum and links those interactions to teacher identity development, but it does not directly define the term in the broader way the definition presents.; While the packet discusses how cooperating teacher–student teacher interactions relate to teacher identity and mentions elements like “shared activities,” it does not state that the cooperating teacher “helps shape the student teacher’s professional development and teacher identity” in the exact general terms used in the definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Weng Fengyu; Zhuang Shiqi; Zhang Jiren; Qiao Wei. Exploring the relationship between Chinese physical education student teachers’ teacher identity and their interactions with cooperating teachers. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1746480; article XML SHA-256 970870c7608993ef6b350d6ad3e0350aa26759c2f93bfcab34a5d9481b13986e. “Exploring the relationship between Chinese physical education student teachers’ teacher identity and their interactions with cooperating teachers” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1746480).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"ced8544cb97c0d033794345437451179bb49895035964b4f8a85607b52a95026","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1746480","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1746480; article XML SHA-256 970870c7608993ef6b350d6ad3e0350aa26759c2f93bfcab34a5d9481b13986e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12950707","source_snapshot_sha256":"970870c7608993ef6b350d6ad3e0350aa26759c2f93bfcab34a5d9481b13986e","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1746480"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cooperating teacher"},{"id":"cooperative-training","reason":"The definition frames the term as a general learning approach, but the packet only supports this sense in the narrow context of awake elephant echocardiography without anesthesia or restraint.; The definition states the animal is taught “to voluntarily take part in handling or examination procedures,” but the packet only describes cooperative training enabling echocardiography to be completed awake without anesthesia or restraint; it does not explicitly support the broader claim about voluntary handling participation.; The packet supports cooperative training “based on positive reinforcement” and cooperation with positioning/contact for TTE, but the definition’s wording generalizes beyond what is directly stated in the provided text.; The packet supports that the protocol was based on cooperative training and positive reinforcement, but it does not explicitly support the broader gloss that cooperative training means teaching an animal to voluntarily take part in handling or examination procedures.; “Positioning and contact” is an unsupported extrapolation from the article’s procedural details; the source only describes specific refinements for transthoracic echocardiography in elephants.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Boutibou Antonin; Chetboul Valérie; Magnin Mathieu; Bureau Morgan; Baillon Coline; Chai Norin. Feasibility of Baseline cardIac investiGation in awake elepHants ( Elephas mAximus ) using tRansThoracic echocardiography: The BIG HEART study. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0333463; article XML SHA-256 6c9163a543acc1b5bfd0b01e02c4f7a8511aad2be9ec5f111b8f553d323d4546. “Feasibility of Baseline cardIac investiGation in awake elepHants ( Elephas mAximus ) using tRansThoracic echocardiography: The BIG HEART study” (10.1371/journal.pone.0333463).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a82bdc923cff072df95636ccec6e86bc52f7639f233156c099033ae8b490c944","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0333463","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0333463; article XML SHA-256 6c9163a543acc1b5bfd0b01e02c4f7a8511aad2be9ec5f111b8f553d323d4546","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12863514","source_snapshot_sha256":"6c9163a543acc1b5bfd0b01e02c4f7a8511aad2be9ec5f111b8f553d323d4546","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0333463"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cooperative training"},{"id":"coping-style","reason":"The definition’s first claim (“a person’s characteristic way of responding to stress or pressure”) is not explicitly supported in the provided packet text, which discusses coping styles via specific scales and mediation results but does not define coping style in those terms.; The packet does not define coping style as a person’s characteristic way of responding to stress or pressure; it only shows that the study examines positive and negative coping styles as mediators.; The sentence about coping patterns helping explain how academic self-efficacy is linked to students’ academic stress is supported, but the definition adds an unsupported general characterization that is not stated in the source.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Sun Pu; Wang Lifang; Yan Ling. Mediation of coping style between academic self-efficacy and academic stress in middle school students. 2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1496528; article XML SHA-256 f92a50d76bb08f59ba020de4e42902d30618da4daea41396230f7e2f62141eb6. “Mediation of coping style between academic self-efficacy and academic stress in middle school students” (10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1496528).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e42aa804bc4b87d30c44419562a20bdbd036b4a457ca26d1fe14470110270103","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1496528","revision":"2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1496528; article XML SHA-256 f92a50d76bb08f59ba020de4e42902d30618da4daea41396230f7e2f62141eb6","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12497801","source_snapshot_sha256":"f92a50d76bb08f59ba020de4e42902d30618da4daea41396230f7e2f62141eb6","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1496528"}],"status":"dropped","term":"coping style"},{"id":"cornelia-de-lange-syndrome","reason":"The definition includes “learning … impairment,” but the packet does not mention learning (it mentions “mental retardation” and does not explicitly link this to learning impairment).; The packet supports behavioral problems, delayed growth, low birth weight, mental retardation, and distinctive facial appearance, but it does not support the added claim of “learning impairment.”; “Genetic syndrome” is not stated in the packet; the packet only supports a rare syndrome with gene mutations linked to the disorder.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Cornelia De Lange Syndrome” (C75016).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"23e82f3c9bf322aaa4eef26f82071dcfabd0cd618591f84eb1240764f032fc7a","record_id":"C75016","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Cornelia de Lange syndrome"},{"id":"corporeal","reason":"The packet does not explicitly support the wording “bodily or physical” as separate senses from “relating to the body.”; The packet only states “Pertaining to the BODY”; it does not explicitly support the added contrast “rather than nonbodily.”; The packet supports only “pertaining to the body”; it does not support the added gloss “physical rather than nonbodily.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Corporeal” (Corporeal).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"979790727b6f42fe45aa69def60a0213a297b4cf1c062a6f8ff59a830f97280e","record_id":"Corporeal","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"04d1f36fce4f5912ed38aa80641c217d0eda7ef0aafd90365eeae96f1067b95a","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/C5defs.htm#Corporeal"}],"status":"dropped","term":"corporeal"},{"id":"covariation","reason":"The definition’s core claim about conjoint variation is broadly supported, but the opening gloss is too generalized for the source and does not stay within the packet’s specific phrasing and scope.; The packet supports a *logical* meaning tied to the “method of concomitant variations” (induction), but it does not support the definition’s claim that this is also a “historical logical and psychological usage.”; The packet supports the historical logical term/concept of “concomitance,” not the term “covariation”; the requested sense is therefore mismatched to the source.; “Historical logical and psychological usage” is not supported by the packet: the relevant entry here is explicitly labeled logical, while the psychological material in the excerpt is about other terms.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Baldwin dictionary, 1901: C4defs.htm” (ffd1bbd428b354054301).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"be05358d2599b26f2254c6f21e13a650bcef6b1bbf5a035ff944cba85d2710f6","record_id":"ffd1bbd428b354054301","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"ec5c9a308b4bdf4025ee34c909ab4a7c68913b41e7788b4e84bc3a56bc8ca8aa","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/C4defs.htm"}],"status":"dropped","term":"covariation"},{"id":"cramers-v","reason":"Because the definition’s substantive description is not explicitly supported by the provided packet text, the field is not defensible under the given constraints.; The definition goes beyond the packet by explaining the purpose/interpretation of Cramér’s V in this study rather than limiting itself to what the article explicitly states.; The packet does not define what Cramér’s V measures (e.g., “strength of association” or “between groups/categorical variables”); it only states that chi-square tests used “Cramér’s V effect sizes.”; The packet does not support the specific claim that, “in this study,” Cramér’s V was used to describe effect size “beyond whether they were simply statistically significant.”; The packet supports that Cramér’s V was used with chi-square tests as an effect size, but it does not support the added claim that it was used here specifically to describe the size of group differences beyond statistical significance.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Akkaya Meryem Hüsna; Yaprak Emre; Gündoğdu Ahmet Doğukan; Akansel Yasemin Turan; Alvur Tuncay Müge. Periodontal knowledge and clinical attitudes of family physicians in Turkey: a cross-sectional survey. 2026; DOI 10.1186/s12875-026-03324-3; article XML SHA-256 79a67d79cd521d50c0384494cbc2a1cd7d0e5b8c8e9829b6af524ede7b525747. “Periodontal knowledge and clinical attitudes of family physicians in Turkey: a cross-sectional survey” (10.1186/s12875-026-03324-3).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"baddb7557d33693d2403e2da5d1af104a92394aa9f5b33ad6914facff2b596c0","record_id":"10.1186/s12875-026-03324-3","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1186/s12875-026-03324-3; article XML SHA-256 79a67d79cd521d50c0384494cbc2a1cd7d0e5b8c8e9829b6af524ede7b525747","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13238091","source_snapshot_sha256":"79a67d79cd521d50c0384494cbc2a1cd7d0e5b8c8e9829b6af524ede7b525747","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-026-03324-3"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Cramér’s V"},{"id":"cross-cultural-research","reason":"The definition adds an unsupported generalization about investigators examining patterns or themes that extend across groups; the packet only says that meta-themes cut across research sites.; The definition’s second sentence overstates the packet’s description by saying findings are compared across locations; the excerpt discusses achieving saturation of meta-themes across sites rather than explicitly describing a comparison procedure across locations as part of the term’s definition.; The packet does not provide a general definition of “cross-cultural research” as research carried out across different cultural settings so investigators can examine patterns/themes that extend across groups. The excerpt only references “multi-site, cross-cultural research” in the context of sample size and data/thematic saturation, without defining the term.; The packet only mentions “multi-site, cross-cultural research” in the context of sample-size sufficiency and saturation; it does not define cross-cultural research as a general research method across cultural settings.; The packet supports that the excerpt concerns multi-site cross-cultural research and that “meta-themes” can cut across research sites, but the definition’s first sentence includes additional explanatory wording (“so investigators can examine patterns or themes…”) that is not explicitly stated in the packet.; The wording suggests a broader definitional claim than the source supports, so the requested sense is not adequately established from the packet alone.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"BMC: Characterising and justifying sample size sufficiency in interview-based studies. Version of record 2018-11-21; DOI 10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7. “Characterising and justifying sample size sufficiency” (05ea0554db4e6d0f11b4).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"49548c60fc209b14a4081ac47101e6f389238bf6fbc51bd7ba70e19d80c3a9ab","record_id":"05ea0554db4e6d0f11b4","revision":"Version of record 2018-11-21; DOI 10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"bmc","source_snapshot_sha256":"1f6fe691baa1384ea433b1d0f18da3b81e9dd580f95743fabfd165cf04ed1285","url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cross-cultural research"},{"id":"cross-sectional-sampling","reason":"The claim about “repeated cross-sectional sampling” using “new samples… at multiple time points” is not clearly described in the packet as a conceptual distinction; the packet only reports a “descriptive study” where the flock was visited at multiple time points and radiographs were taken from hens at each visit, without explicitly defining cross-sectional sampling in those terms.; The definition’s core explanation (“selecting a group to assess at a single point in time rather than following the same individuals over time”) is not explicitly stated in the provided packet text.; The explanation of repeated cross-sectional sampling as using new samples at multiple time points to describe population change is not stated in the packet and goes beyond the supplied source.; The packet only shows an instance of repeated cross-sectional sampling in one study; it does not define cross-sectional sampling as a general method or support the contrast with following the same individuals over time.; The packet’s example is veterinary (laying hens; keel bone fractures) rather than mental health, so the definition is not supported as being in the requested field context.; The source is a veterinary article, so using it to define a psychology/mental health term requires direct support that is not present here.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Gretarsson Páll; Søvik Åste; Thøfner Ida; Moe Randi Oppermann; Toftaker Ingrid; Kittelsen Käthe. Fracture morphology and ossification process of the keel bone in modern laying hens based on radiographic imaging. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0312878; article XML SHA-256 8664ca49396e551d2113655b3055f2db509418e86f01b0b65c2a304454df8b63. “Fracture morphology and ossification process of the keel bone in modern laying hens based on radiographic imaging” (10.1371/journal.pone.0312878).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c6bc4d489c455ea689efa968457c54fa1a211918d70af88519b74909fb75b91f","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0312878","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0312878; article XML SHA-256 8664ca49396e551d2113655b3055f2db509418e86f01b0b65c2a304454df8b63","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11521247","source_snapshot_sha256":"8664ca49396e551d2113655b3055f2db509418e86f01b0b65c2a304454df8b63","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312878"}],"status":"dropped","term":"cross-sectional sampling"},{"id":"crossed-dominance","reason":"Because the requested sense depends on that explicit left/right description, the provided definition’s core anatomical-side claims are not directly supported by the supplied packet text.; The contrast with ipsilateral dominance as same-side eye and leg dominance is not stated in the supplied text, so that part of the definition is unsupported.; The packet does not explicitly define what “crossed” or “ipsilateral” mean in terms of which side (e.g., dominant eye on one side vs dominant leg on the other, or eye and leg on the same side). It only mentions “ipsilateral/crossed dominance patterns” and that participants were “categorized into ipsilateral/crossed dominance groups based on eye-leg combinations,” without stating the side-to-side mapping.; The packet mentions eye/leg lateral dominance and groups participants into ipsilateral/crossed dominance categories, but it does not explicitly define crossed dominance as opposite-sided dominance across body systems.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Huang Yunfei; Yin Yiquan. The influence of lateral dominance on bilateral performance in alpine skiers. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fspor.2026.1717506; article XML SHA-256 bcf0227064cc53ba10de71b6875c30b1b8c64e7cf5d71e6e84cfd79bd55edd0e. “The influence of lateral dominance on bilateral performance in alpine skiers” (10.3389/fspor.2026.1717506).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"5c0ebcb15ee25101eee8ad819807e15245eb6e07bc3c8ea7d31d1b94c89d78e6","record_id":"10.3389/fspor.2026.1717506","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fspor.2026.1717506; article XML SHA-256 bcf0227064cc53ba10de71b6875c30b1b8c64e7cf5d71e6e84cfd79bd55edd0e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12900742","source_snapshot_sha256":"bcf0227064cc53ba10de71b6875c30b1b8c64e7cf5d71e6e84cfd79bd55edd0e","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2026.1717506"}],"status":"dropped","term":"crossed dominance"},{"id":"current-material","reason":"The claim that the packet “only supports this context-specific meaning, not a broader psychology or counselling definition” is not supported by the packet (the packet provides no information about whether broader meanings are or are not supported).; The definition makes an interpretive restriction (“only supports…”) that goes beyond what is directly evidenced in the provided text.; The packet does not explicitly define “current material” as referring to “instructional resources already being used”; it only uses the phrase “current material and behavioral gaps” and mentions “selected instructional materials” with “limited systematic attention.”; The second sentence makes a meta-claim that the packet supports only this context-specific meaning and not a broader psychology or counselling definition; the packet does not establish that contrast.; The wording \"already being used\" is not explicitly supported; the packet supports existing/selected instructional materials and textbooks, but not that this is the intended definition of the term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Xiao Guo; Mazlan Chamil Arkhasa Nikko. Self-regulated vocal health in undergraduate vocal music education: a qualitative needs analysis. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1894233; article XML SHA-256 783e194f09d85643898b1b2d2b1b47f688bb80c7ddc0f716a94a246c0b0aab1a. “Self-regulated vocal health in undergraduate vocal music education: a qualitative needs analysis” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1894233).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"1e7abd09583b1c747d48fd69cf79aa444c5914fdca17d32379d217f11b4711ab","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1894233","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1894233; article XML SHA-256 783e194f09d85643898b1b2d2b1b47f688bb80c7ddc0f716a94a246c0b0aab1a","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13485761","source_snapshot_sha256":"783e194f09d85643898b1b2d2b1b47f688bb80c7ddc0f716a94a246c0b0aab1a","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1894233"}],"status":"dropped","term":"current material"},{"id":"curvilinear","reason":"Because the definition adds a specific geometric/functional meaning (curved vs straight line) that is not stated in the supplied text, the requested sense is not fully supported by the packet.; The definition adds an explanatory gloss about \"a curved line rather than a straight one\" that is not stated in the source passage, which only gives the contrast by example.; The packet only contrasts the terms “curvilinear” and “rectilinear” as possibilities for motion (“curvilinear nor rectilinear”), but it does not explicitly define “curvilinear” as “relating to motion or form that follows a curved line rather than a straight one.”; The packet supports only a historical contrast between \"curvilinear\" and \"rectilinear\" in the context of motion; it does not support the broader claim that the term also means relating to \"form.\"","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"William James, Principles of Psychology, volume 1. 1890 original; Gutenberg ebook 57628; snapshot required. “William James, The Principles of Psychology, volume 1, 1890” (fca72454f1995c69b072).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/57628","packet_hash":"ace8eb951576138e6a7f6ab71ca112f35cd6243c098baa9f680e46aae23af573","record_id":"fca72454f1995c69b072","revision":"1890 original; Gutenberg ebook 57628; snapshot required","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"james-1890","source_snapshot_sha256":"fb845d8bb07487d4cc6d14acd03104bf98cc22dcff8a877400b1534f36af37ae","url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/57628.txt.utf-8"}],"status":"dropped","term":"curvilinear"},{"id":"dalmane","reason":"The definition states that “Dalmane is a brand name for flurazepam hydrochloride,” but the provided packet text does not mention Dalmane as a brand name; it only describes flurazepam hydrochloride.; The packet identifies Dalmane as the hydrochloride salt form of flurazepam, not as a brand name, so the first claim is unsupported.; The statement about strengthening GABA’s inhibitory effects at GABA-A receptors is more specific than the packet’s wording and is not stated in that form.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Flurazepam Hydrochloride” (C29060).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"6e63119c2dc56345d21679e6aa7e460d439d69bd697fe63ab9562b4ff8cd2d48","record_id":"C29060","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Dalmane"},{"id":"death-taboo","reason":"The definition adds a broader claim that death taboo itself is a barrier to autonomous decision-making about future care; the packet only supports a narrower link to fear, communication avoidance, and lower ACP acceptance in end-stage heart failure patients.; The definition states that death taboo “acts as a barrier to open communication and autonomous decision-making about future care.” While the packet supports communication avoidance linked to filial piety and moral pressure/fear triggered by death taboo, it does not clearly support that death taboo specifically creates a barrier to autonomous decision-making (the packet attributes restriction of autonomy primarily to “family-centered decision-making.”).; “Cultural belief” is not supported by the packet; the source describes death taboo as a cultural taboo/pressure, not a belief.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Liu Na; Chen Lina; Mao Xinrui; Xia Shuqin; Wang Qi; Hu Dandan; Zhang Weiying. Qualitative study on influencing factors of acceptance of advance care planning in patients with end-stage heart failure based on COM-B theory. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1820593; article XML SHA-256 3c6c32764e0ee70313d25bf04568c52a91cc39162242e7badf98123789b2010d. “Qualitative study on influencing factors of acceptance of advance care planning in patients with end-stage heart failure based on COM-B theory” (10.3389/fpubh.2026.1820593).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"5268f99fd5e9cd1352f2679fe26987fe8f139044779087f02425c7d1cf56b832","record_id":"10.3389/fpubh.2026.1820593","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1820593; article XML SHA-256 3c6c32764e0ee70313d25bf04568c52a91cc39162242e7badf98123789b2010d","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13453745","source_snapshot_sha256":"3c6c32764e0ee70313d25bf04568c52a91cc39162242e7badf98123789b2010d","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1820593"}],"status":"dropped","term":"death taboo"},{"id":"decadence","reason":"The claim that it is treated as equivalent to social retrogression is not directly supported by the supplied text.; The definition adds explanatory content beyond the packet, so the requested sense is not fully supported by the source alone.; The definition claims equivalence to “social retrogression,” but the packet provides only a cross-reference (“See SOCIAL RETROGRESSION”) and does not explicitly assert that the senses are equivalent.; The packet only gives the entry label and cross-reference (“See SOCIAL RETROGRESSION”); it does not itself state that decadence means a falling away or decline in a society.; The packet text for “Decadence (social)” only gives foreign-language equivalents (“Ger. Verfall ; Fr. décadence ; Ital. decadenza”) and says “See SOCIAL RETROGRESSION,” but it does not state that decadence means a “falling away or decline” in a society.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Decadence (social)” (Decadence (social)).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"bd33a4a765472465937aad458821be985907bd7853f3fc7d36c2443a9ce5c2f0","record_id":"Decadence (social)","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"08d41be0452624d395f90f1dd42283fbb21304db9914d3e91ed61f0786ef092b","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/D1defs.htm#Decadence (social)"}],"status":"dropped","term":"decadence"},{"id":"deliberate-sampling","reason":"The claim that the purpose is to ensure marginalized and underserved groups are adequately represented is stronger than the source, which only says such groups need to be examined; it does not state a representativeness requirement.; The packet only states that “deliberate sampling plans are needed to examine those most marginalized and underserved,” but it does not define deliberate sampling as an “intentional plan for choosing research participants rather than relying on who is easiest to include.”; The packet supports that deliberate sampling plans are needed to examine marginalized and underserved groups, but it does not explicitly support the broader definition that this is an intentional plan for choosing participants instead of convenience-based recruitment.; The packet supports the general idea of ensuring marginalized/underserved groups are examined, but it does not explicitly support the full rationale in the definition (“so their experiences can be examined”) in the way the definition phrases it.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Kammer-Kerwick Matt; Cox Kyle; Purohit Ishani; Watkins S Craig. 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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Self-Injurious Behavior” (D016728).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"bcdc30540228756944899d98dbc0eece5cd6856e93ae67e2d2abf3bffbffc14c","record_id":"D016728","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D016728"}],"status":"dropped","term":"deliberate self-harm"},{"id":"dementia-praecox","reason":"The packet does not explicitly support the claim that “dementia praecox” is a *historical term*; it only provides a descriptor that is labeled under “Schizophrenia” and describes characteristic features.; The packet supports the symptom description and the schizophrenia label, but it does not support the claim that this is a historical term for schizophrenia.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Schizophrenia” (D012559).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"9854deee54d5b4864f129518c652176f13179bf40d1b37a4fab5009a27a87a6e","record_id":"D012559","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012559"}],"status":"dropped","term":"dementia praecox"},{"id":"desoxyn","reason":"The definition should not add an unsupported naming/brand claim when the packet only supports the substance and its pharmacologic effects.; The definition states that “Desoxyn is a brand name for methamphetamine hydrochloride,” but the packet text provided only describes methamphetamine hydrochloride itself (its CNS stimulating properties and mechanism) and does not explicitly support the “Desoxyn” branding claim.; The packet identifies Desoxyn as methamphetamine hydrochloride, not as a brand name; the opening clause is unsupported and appears to use the wrong sense.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Methamphetamine Hydrochloride” (C47609).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"9719c3f5b7236a2d9a478d5a342203c7b57e118aed36552bb502e917cf6c4725","record_id":"C47609","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Desoxyn"},{"id":"developmental-cognitive-neuroscience","reason":"The claim that the field examines processes such as attention, learning, memory, language, and motor activity across development goes beyond what the packet states; those cognitive processes are described as examples of information time-frequency EEG analysis can provide, not as the scope of the field itself.; The definition’s claim that the field “studies how brain-based cognitive functions change during human development” is not explicitly stated in the provided packet (the packet mentions studying brain function across the lifespan and the use of EEG/time-frequency in developmental cognitive neuroscience, but does not clearly describe “how functions change” as the defining focus).; The packet supports EEG and time-frequency analysis as tools used in developmental cognitive neuroscience, but it does not explicitly define the term as the area of cognitive neuroscience that studies how brain-based cognitive functions change during human development.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Ferrari Ambra; Filippin Luca; Buiatti Marco; Parise Eugenio. WTools: A MATLAB-based toolbox for time-frequency analysis of infant data. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0323179; article XML SHA-256 6928c3f839c5ed9a191967e30edff474ba7a7149925c7046e68ed02355454d0c. “WTools: A MATLAB-based toolbox for time-frequency analysis of infant data” (10.1371/journal.pone.0323179).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2edc04831e336148ea4012058a13abfd466478c374b4e8a46ab87d22195639e6","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0323179","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0323179; article XML SHA-256 6928c3f839c5ed9a191967e30edff474ba7a7149925c7046e68ed02355454d0c","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12058173","source_snapshot_sha256":"6928c3f839c5ed9a191967e30edff474ba7a7149925c7046e68ed02355454d0c","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323179"}],"status":"dropped","term":"developmental cognitive neuroscience"},{"id":"developmental-immaturity","reason":"The definition adds an explanatory gloss that goes beyond the packet’s evidence; the source only lists developmental immaturity as one of several child-related attributions for anticipated failure.; The definition claims that developmental immaturity means the child is “not yet developmentally ready for the demands of a task,” but the packet does not provide that specific meaning or interpretation of the term—only that teachers attributed anticipated failure to “developmental immaturity.”; The definition’s statement that this appears “as one of several reasons teachers used to explain lower expected competence” is broadly consistent with the packet’s finding that anticipated failure among children with lower teacher-rated learning behavior scores was attributed to developmental immaturity, but the unsupported first-sentence meaning prevents a full pass.; The packet supports that teachers sometimes attributed anticipated failure to developmental immaturity, but it does not define the term as meaning the child is “not yet developmentally ready for the demands of a task.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Adak Özdemir Atiye. Attributional explanations in preschool teachers’ competence judgments on tangram tasks: links with learning behaviors and task difficulty. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1859618; article XML SHA-256 b1c87b816de4488cd92eabe3f4be10ee27bba45e8193e1d3c6142de608d2abbf. “Attributional explanations in preschool teachers’ competence judgments on tangram tasks: links with learning behaviors and task difficulty” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1859618).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"ccbb2672ce04c2b4de89d4ca3e72f373fcd30c4e82bd0ae06a079ccfe22169d3","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1859618","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1859618; article XML SHA-256 b1c87b816de4488cd92eabe3f4be10ee27bba45e8193e1d3c6142de608d2abbf","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13485713","source_snapshot_sha256":"b1c87b816de4488cd92eabe3f4be10ee27bba45e8193e1d3c6142de608d2abbf","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1859618"}],"status":"dropped","term":"developmental immaturity"},{"id":"developmental-schedules","reason":"The definition is not fully supported by the packet as written, because it adds interpretive claims about what developmental schedules are used for beyond the source text.; The packet only mentions correlations between “Gesell Developmental Schedules (GDS) gross motor scores” and clinical features in an ASD group; it does not explicitly state the general purpose that developmental schedules are “used to relate aspects of development to clinical features in children.”; The packet supports that GDS stands for Gesell Developmental Schedules and that gross motor scores were used in an ASD correlation analysis, but it does not support the broader claim that it is a child development assessment in general clinical use.; The statement that it is used to relate aspects of development to clinical features in children overgeneralizes a single study correlation; the packet does not establish this as the instrument’s purpose or a current diagnostic use.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Xu Xiaowen; Li Yang; Lan Haifei; Ding Ning; Li Weikai; Zheng Guifen; Song Xiufeng. Quantitative susceptibility mapping shows alterations of brain iron content in children with autism spectrum disorder: a whole-brain analysis. 2025; DOI 10.1186/s12888-025-07235-y; article XML SHA-256 909377a05d99a05fc18a10659f4c12b799e7d4e7bf008d03be9f6e5a63090b93. “Quantitative susceptibility mapping shows alterations of brain iron content in children with autism spectrum disorder: a whole-brain analysis” (10.1186/s12888-025-07235-y).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"63d994829188f2d05840d631e084d68312cb4a571e8ae75bd14f407cd0a8815b","record_id":"10.1186/s12888-025-07235-y","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1186/s12888-025-07235-y; article XML SHA-256 909377a05d99a05fc18a10659f4c12b799e7d4e7bf008d03be9f6e5a63090b93","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12392503","source_snapshot_sha256":"909377a05d99a05fc18a10659f4c12b799e7d4e7bf008d03be9f6e5a63090b93","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07235-y"}],"status":"dropped","term":"developmental schedules"},{"id":"diagnostic-and-statistical-manual-of-mental-disorders","reason":"The claim that it is used as a reference for diagnosis is not supported by the packet; the packet only describes it as a categorical classification of mental disorders based on criteria sets with defining features.; The definition omits the packet’s explicit point that it is “produced by the American Psychiatric Association,” which is a substantive mismatch, and the missing/changed details are not recoverable from the packet.; The packet states it is a “categorical classification of MENTAL DISORDERS based on criteria sets with defining features,” but it does not explicitly support the claim that it “is used as a reference for diagnosis.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders” (D039721).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"8b407084a64395ad826e7ab90893e38141f3ac2b67790b069dbac397598166a7","record_id":"D039721","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D039721"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders"},{"id":"diagnostic-interview-schedule","reason":"The definition claims the Diagnostic Interview Schedule is “interview-based,” but the packet only states that the Korean version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV was used to assess participants; it does not describe it as interview-based.; The packet supports that the Korean version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV was used to assess participants and assign them to ADHD, ADHD-NOS, and neurotypical groups, but it does not explicitly support the broader claim that the Diagnostic Interview Schedule is an \"interview-based diagnostic assessment.\"","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Byeon Jun; Choi Tae Young; Won Geun Hui; Lee Jaewon; Kim Jun Won. A novel quantitative electroencephalography subtype with high alpha power in ADHD: ADHD or misdiagnosed ADHD?. 2020; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0242566; article XML SHA-256 10a09c41bfdac4817d2a7837b2a0aa2d6097599c66877263b7b50a1e9ab9d26c. “A novel quantitative electroencephalography subtype with high alpha power in ADHD: ADHD or misdiagnosed ADHD?” (10.1371/journal.pone.0242566).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"bfd1c48338168c4dc2167005bc537d186a818d83c0768e573ff64f93c67ed037","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0242566","revision":"2020; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0242566; article XML SHA-256 10a09c41bfdac4817d2a7837b2a0aa2d6097599c66877263b7b50a1e9ab9d26c","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc7671485","source_snapshot_sha256":"10a09c41bfdac4817d2a7837b2a0aa2d6097599c66877263b7b50a1e9ab9d26c","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242566"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Diagnostic Interview Schedule"},{"id":"diagnosticity","reason":"The assigned field ‘biological’ is not supported by the source packet, which is in psychology/psycholinguistics.; The definition discusses “color-diagnosticity” in terms of a typical color vs many colors, which matches the packet’s HCD vs LCD examples, but the first sentence’s framing (“helps identify or represent”) is not directly supported.; The definition’s broader wording about helping “identify or represent an object or concept” goes beyond what is stated in the packet, which focuses on whether color is a core conceptual component for high color-diagnostic objects.; The definition’s generalization that diagnosticity “means how strongly a particular feature helps identify or represent an object or concept” is broader than what the packet explicitly states. The packet specifically describes that a “core conceptual component” (e.g., color) is strongly associated with a typical color for HCD objects and less so for LCD objects, and relates this to effects on lexical access; it does not directly define diagnosticity in terms of “identifying or representing” objects/concepts in general.; The packet supports color-diagnosticity in a language-production/ERP study, not the broader general definition of diagnosticity across arbitrary features and objects.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Redmann Alexandra; FitzPatrick Ian; Hellwig Frauke; Indefrey Peter. The use of conceptual components in language production: an ERP study. 2014; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00363; article XML SHA-256 9bd6d28105b5b702d4dae8969d2fd2a52c996299beca758a5b3e7e99e5b094d0. “The use of conceptual components in language production: an ERP study” (10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00363).","licence":"CC-BY-3.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","packet_hash":"4009785784b0a2d74c375015d55cfbf742d96d38efdf265abfc7dfa8242e1995","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00363","revision":"2014; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00363; article XML SHA-256 9bd6d28105b5b702d4dae8969d2fd2a52c996299beca758a5b3e7e99e5b094d0","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc4010786","source_snapshot_sha256":"9bd6d28105b5b702d4dae8969d2fd2a52c996299beca758a5b3e7e99e5b094d0","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00363"}],"status":"dropped","term":"diagnosticity"},{"id":"diastolic-blood-pressure","reason":"The definition states that diastolic blood pressure is “measured during the diastolic phase.” This explanation of what the diastolic phase is/means is not provided in the supplied packet.; The source packet supports diastolic blood pressure as a measure used in a head-up tilt test and mentions autonomic nervous system involvement, but it does not define it as blood pressure measured during the diastolic phase.; The wording “one of the values the autonomic nervous system helps regulate” is broader than what the packet explicitly states; the packet says the autonomic nervous system regulates blood pressure generally, not that this specific value is identified as a regulated value in a definitional sense.; While the packet supports that autonomic nervous system regulates blood pressure and that the study examined diastolic blood pressure changes from supine to upright during a head-up tilt test (HUTT), it does not provide the claimed definition of diastolic blood pressure as being “measured during the diastolic phase.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Rhim Guil; Kim Moon Jung. Effect of the early diastolic blood pressure response to the head-up tilt test on the recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0301800; article XML SHA-256 c9d67dd87c4c3cfd81da34b3c04ad78d781eb9698dbe624ed3251830228f1652. “Effect of the early diastolic blood pressure response to the head-up tilt test on the recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo” (10.1371/journal.pone.0301800).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"5174bfbaffee73b5f73967fb9b8f7cc4800e71e5ee6706ed84180f88412d63bf","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0301800","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0301800; article XML SHA-256 c9d67dd87c4c3cfd81da34b3c04ad78d781eb9698dbe624ed3251830228f1652","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11065201","source_snapshot_sha256":"c9d67dd87c4c3cfd81da34b3c04ad78d781eb9698dbe624ed3251830228f1652","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301800"}],"status":"dropped","term":"diastolic blood pressure"},{"id":"diathesis","reason":"The definition claims diathesis was “inherited” as well as degenerative; the packet discusses it as “degenerate diathesis” and “brain deterioration,” but it does not explicitly state “inherited.”; The packet supports a degenerative mental disposition, but it does not support the added claim that this disposition was inherited.; The rest of the definition is broadly supported, but the unsupported inherited component makes the definition too expansive for the source.; The second sentence also adds the phrasing “in historical psychology and psychiatry” as a stated usage scope; while the packet notes extensive use with reference to mental conditions, it does not explicitly frame it in exactly those terms.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Diathesis” (Diathesis).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"33ae82c3e7b720815529b684743e3f66997eec1ef4b1b3cf1ee6c471fe548160","record_id":"Diathesis","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"26cb965475b2845cf5bce064fd97c50cb2aac184172bfc5738be84c9f7310c6d","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/D2defs.htm#Diathesis"}],"status":"dropped","term":"diathesis"},{"id":"diminished-capacity","reason":"Because “recall” is not directly supported by the supplied packet, the definition adds an unsupported sense beyond “reproduction.”; The definition slightly overgeneralizes the source’s wording by turning a specific experimental description of fatigue into a broader gloss on mental material without direct support.; The packet supports a “diminished capacity of reproduction,” but it does not support adding “recall” as an equivalent sense.; The packet supports “diminished capacity of reproduction” as a characteristic of mental fatigue, but it does not explicitly mention “recall.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Fatigue (mental)” (Fatigue).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"f2f7bb1265a29a0a0779d49ce0045d65d63e2eb88d12fc6bc188660fab31b3f1","record_id":"Fatigue","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"32b5ee87d3598562354f78726c2f4ada3454898f6293a68f9e0b237ecac64e5f","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/F1defs.htm#Fatigue"}],"status":"dropped","term":"diminished capacity"},{"id":"directed-attention","reason":"The definition compresses background claims from the article into a broad dictionary-style characterization; several elements are interpretive rather than directly supported by the packet text.; The definition’s phrase that directed attention is “the deliberate, effortful focusing of the mind” is not explicitly stated in the packet text you provided (the packet describes directed attention as a “finite resource” used by persistent cognitive demands, but does not define it in those terms).; The packet supports directed attention as a finite resource that can be overused and lead to attentional fatigue, but it does not explicitly support the definition’s wording that it is the “deliberate, effortful focusing of the mind on tasks or information.”; The remainder of the definition (directed attention as a finite resource that can lead to attentional fatigue when overused, and that urban/high cognitive-load contexts accelerate attentional fatigue) is broadly supported by the packet, but the unsupported first clause is substantive and prevents passing.; The statement that fatigue occurs “especially in urban or high-load environments” is only partly supported: the packet links urbanization and continuous cognitive demands to attentional fatigue, but it does not establish this as a general defining property of directed attention.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Sakdavong Jean-Christophe; Melliere Jason; Dia Mouhammadou; Niveau Anaïs; Brunet Carole; Pleuchot Sylvain; Désirée Samuel. Non-linear effects of technological immersion on directed attention restoration: an exploratory study across smartphone, tablet, and virtual reality interfaces. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1942295; article XML SHA-256 a4bf2278d11bdb86dfa436d90dc3de4f44c2336a490ebfdaeb79a2ad1365e934. “Non-linear effects of technological immersion on directed attention restoration: an exploratory study across smartphone, tablet, and virtual reality interfaces” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1942295).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"47470b3a8864d67ba54d2a5723356259d23bf90862bd686beaf3e98e84026284","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1942295","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1942295; article XML SHA-256 a4bf2278d11bdb86dfa436d90dc3de4f44c2336a490ebfdaeb79a2ad1365e934","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13572589","source_snapshot_sha256":"a4bf2278d11bdb86dfa436d90dc3de4f44c2336a490ebfdaeb79a2ad1365e934","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1942295"}],"status":"dropped","term":"directed attention"},{"id":"directive-therapy","reason":"The definition adds an unsupported generalization by describing directive therapy as a therapist-led approach contrasted with the client’s own direction; the packet only supports that it is a structured, directive, protocol-driven approach.; The definition states that, “In this source, it is presented as part of the more technical style of psychotherapy used in offender rehabilitation.” While the packet supports a link to offender rehabilitation and “technical, protocol-driven approaches,” it does not explicitly describe “directive therapy” as part of a “more technical style” in the way claimed.; The packet does not explicitly define “directive therapy” as “therapist-led” or as being guided by planned techniques “rather than left mainly to the client’s own direction.”; The packet only reports that “structured and directive therapy approaches” are “most frequently emphasised” and that there is “predominance of technical, protocol-driven approaches”; it does not provide the requested therapist-versus-client-direction contrast.; The phrase “In this source” is acceptable, but the entry should not imply a broader established definition beyond the packet’s limited context.; The requested field is not defensible from the packet: the source is a psychotherapy/offender-rehabilitation review, not an ethics reference.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tutal Nihal; Dogan Betul Gokcen; Lagetto Gloria; de Felice Giulio. Change process in psychotherapy for criminal offenders: a comprehensive review with content analysis. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1776909; article XML SHA-256 e3dfe084899cc242a9fc00908d7aa7a18d7a887ac11920071cd2196b7d4ab63a. “Change process in psychotherapy for criminal offenders: a comprehensive review with content analysis” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1776909).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"ff0a7500f3863ff75e821ed28c0d19b13172c5e45ed3646a4412af9c123af682","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1776909","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1776909; article XML SHA-256 e3dfe084899cc242a9fc00908d7aa7a18d7a887ac11920071cd2196b7d4ab63a","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13260342","source_snapshot_sha256":"e3dfe084899cc242a9fc00908d7aa7a18d7a887ac11920071cd2196b7d4ab63a","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1776909"}],"status":"dropped","term":"directive therapy"},{"id":"disability-adjusted-life-years","reason":"Because the definition’s core conceptual claims (disability + early death; comparative use over time/across groups) are not directly supported in the supplied packet text, the definition cannot be verified against the packet.; The comparison function across illnesses, time, or groups is not established in the packet; it only says the study analyzed CVD DALY trends in Chile and by gender.; The definition adds general explanatory claims that are broader than the source text and are not directly supported by it.; The packet does not explicitly define DALYs as a combined measure of disability and early death, nor does it state that DALYs are used to capture that combined impact.; The packet supports DALYs as a burden metric used in population health analyses, but it does not define DALYs as a combined measure of disability and early death.; The packet uses DALYs as an outcome metric (e.g., trends, burden, contributions by risk factors), but it does not provide the requested general definition about “population-level measure,” “burden a disease causes,” or “compare how strongly illnesses affect health over time or across groups.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Briones-Valdivieso Camilo; Nuñez Claudia; Celis Andrés; Araneda Jaqueline; Cristi-Montero Carlos; O’Donovan Gary; Celis-Morales Carlos; Deo Salil V; Petermann-Rocha Fanny. The Chilean burden of disability-adjusted life years due to cardiovascular diseases: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0325519; article XML SHA-256 160dc3017fbfca898b01872a7900f9cbd38eb52f0464ae16cbb3d0bd0542910a. “The Chilean burden of disability-adjusted life years due to cardiovascular diseases: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021” (10.1371/journal.pone.0325519).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2b474e9839f77c9a7987ca36d33d4a82e5d9cf336a91fa6e2db1783250dd1011","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0325519","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0325519; article XML SHA-256 160dc3017fbfca898b01872a7900f9cbd38eb52f0464ae16cbb3d0bd0542910a","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12176180","source_snapshot_sha256":"160dc3017fbfca898b01872a7900f9cbd38eb52f0464ae16cbb3d0bd0542910a","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0325519"}],"status":"dropped","term":"disability adjusted life years"},{"id":"disability-rating-scale","reason":"The definition slightly overgeneralizes by presenting the scale as a general tool for social dysfunction, whereas the packet only shows it being used in this specific study to investigate social function in enterostomy patients and their family caregivers.; The packet does not describe a tool named simply “Disability Rating Scale”; it specifies “WHO Social Disability rating Scale.” The definition’s term does not match the packet’s stated name.; The packet supports the WHO Social Disability Rating Scale, not the standalone term “Disability Rating Scale”; the acronym/sense is therefore ambiguous or possibly wrong.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Fan Ying; Song Meixuan; Xu Shicong; Tan Yuyue; Li Xianrong. Subjective and objective effects of anxiety and fatigue on social function in patients with enterostomy and their family caregivers. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0309991; article XML SHA-256 1651a785341400be6d3c1ea9df12283ee8a02d82e28f9deac1b21903ec7e9868. “Subjective and objective effects of anxiety and fatigue on social function in patients with enterostomy and their family caregivers” (10.1371/journal.pone.0309991).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b47515cd5f7e0e4577a52d82d73ed6425c68fdba3e72ff7f147ff79ba15fff6a","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0309991","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0309991; article XML SHA-256 1651a785341400be6d3c1ea9df12283ee8a02d82e28f9deac1b21903ec7e9868","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11548842","source_snapshot_sha256":"1651a785341400be6d3c1ea9df12283ee8a02d82e28f9deac1b21903ec7e9868","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309991"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Disability Rating Scale"},{"id":"distinctness","reason":"The added gloss about orderly, intelligible presentation contrasted with confusion or vagueness is not supported by the packet.; The definition goes beyond the source by turning a brief historical comparison into a general account of the term’s meaning.; The definition links distinctness to a “view of truth” valuing “orderly, intelligible presentation rather than confusion or vagueness,” but the packet does not support that characterization of distinctness or of truth in this way.; The packet does not define “distinctness” as a quality of an idea or representation being “clearly set off and differentiated.” It only mentions that Descartes’s rational standard of “clearness and distinctness” is echoed in Boileau’s use of “truth,” without explaining distinctness in those terms.; The packet only mentions Boileau’s use of “truth” as nearly the same as Descartes’s rational “clearness and distinctness”; it does not explicitly define “distinctness” as a quality of an idea or representation.; While the packet mentions the phrase “clearness and distinctness,” it does not provide the requested sense of the term beyond referencing it as part of Descartes’s rational standard.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Art and Art Theories” (Art and Art Theories).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"e23ee99e58b565d2c7f030175433aafa6f71af6665dbdeea7c9804da886b5bf4","record_id":"Art and Art Theories","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4927c23af9f8634f81fb0f69aa3aeaf9cbb28d0eb46fd02788ecd81d7864600","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A4defs.htm#Art and Art Theories"}],"status":"dropped","term":"distinctness"},{"id":"distractibility","reason":"The definition adds interpretive gloss beyond the source packet, which does not itself define distractibility as a cognition-related concept in the way stated.; The definition’s added interpretation “especially difficulty maintaining focus” is not supported anywhere in the provided packet text.; The definition’s claim that distractibility “referr[s] to concentration” is not explicitly supported by the packet beyond the combined label.; The packet does not provide an explicit definition of “distractibility”; it only shows the combined descriptor “Concentration/distractibility” from an ADAS-COG-related entry.; The packet only supports the label \"Concentration/distractibility\" in the ADAS-COG context; it does not support the added explanation that distractibility is \"especially difficulty maintaining focus.\"","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “ADAS-COG Date 30th June 2015 Version - Concentration/Distractibility” (C214432).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"35e9615f8bf821d54670ba23ad94be40476a8f8ca2b96276f51e1b5128417550","record_id":"C214432","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"distractibility"},{"id":"dkefs","reason":"The definition should not generalize beyond the packet’s specific use in this article, which concerns a particular sorting test added to a broader neuropsychological battery rather than D–KEFS in general.; The packet does not support the specific claim that D–KEFS “adds information about abilities such as abstract and conceptual reasoning” (it states BRB-NT mainly assesses memory/attention/processing speed and does not properly investigate executive functions, and separately notes that failures in abstract and conceptual reasoning can occur, but it does not link that example to D–KEFS ST specifically).; The packet supports the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Sorting Test (D-KEFS ST), not D–KEFS as the sorting test itself; the acronym/sense is therefore incorrect.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Riccardi Alice; Puthenparampil Marco; Rinaldi Francesca; Ermani Mario; Perini Paola; Gallo Paolo. D-KEFS ST Failure Identifies Multiple Sclerosis Patients With Worse Objective and Self-Perceived Physical and Cognitive Disability. 2019; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00049; article XML SHA-256 72881432fb2eb4e8e0fd4717aeff18bdfdbaacbda1d23b34da6136fc3412d3fd. “D-KEFS ST Failure Identifies Multiple Sclerosis Patients With Worse Objective and Self-Perceived Physical and Cognitive Disability” (10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00049).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"90f4553af79e6f34b13134db75afd514ca70ce3321cd9f85f456fa072aa644d9","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00049","revision":"2019; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00049; article XML SHA-256 72881432fb2eb4e8e0fd4717aeff18bdfdbaacbda1d23b34da6136fc3412d3fd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc6353833","source_snapshot_sha256":"72881432fb2eb4e8e0fd4717aeff18bdfdbaacbda1d23b34da6136fc3412d3fd","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00049"}],"status":"dropped","term":"D–KEFS"},{"id":"doctrine-of-causes","reason":"The packet does not explicitly define the “doctrine of causes” as a view that “understands nature in terms of causes”; it only says Bacon “retains so much of the Aristotelian and scholastic doctrine of causes,” without stating what that doctrine holds in general terms.; The packet only mentions the phrase as part of Bacon’s conception of nature; it does not define the standalone term “doctrine of causes.”; The wording “understands nature in terms of causes” is a broader gloss than the source provides, which only says Bacon’s conception of nature retained “so much of the Aristotelian and scholastic doctrine of causes.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Baconian Method” (Baconian Method).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"91a27d2a779270d9084faccc20cea17b22ac880957684985ac721bb09a9e45e5","record_id":"Baconian Method","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"4c8d062abfdf752c0eb8fff8e5636450c106525754a451019787562b5c139080","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/B1defs.htm#Baconian Method"}],"status":"dropped","term":"doctrine of causes"},{"id":"doctrine","reason":"Although the substantive content about vitalism versus mechanistic materialism and the organic/inorganic heating distinction is supported by the packet, the requested term (“doctrine”) is not actually defined—so the match to the supplied term is incorrect.; The definition begins with “Vitalism is the view…,” which is a term mismatch for the input term and not a definition of “doctrine” as requested.; The definition provided defines **vitalism**, not the term **“doctrine.”** The packet’s entry is for **Vitalism** (linked under the term field), but it does not support a definition of the general word “doctrine” itself in the field of learning.; The supplied packet is for the concept/source label “Vitalism,” not the term “doctrine,” so the requested sense does not match the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Vitalism” (D014799).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"515f8af297d1d995b1a8cd27107b96d732e9977aad39922bb57c611c4e4ab12f","record_id":"D014799","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D014799"}],"status":"dropped","term":"doctrine"},{"id":"domain-general-ability","reason":"Because the packet does not explicitly define the term’s general meaning, the first sentence of the proposed definition is unsupported.; The packet does not provide a definition of “domain-general ability” as a broad mental capacity usable across tasks/subjects/contexts rather than tied to one discipline; the excerpt only states that “spatial cognition is not solely a domain-general ability” and that it is “shaped by educational experiences and disciplinary exposure.”; The packet supports that spatial cognition is “not solely a domain-general ability” and is shaped by educational and disciplinary exposure, but it does not explicitly define domain-general ability as a broad mental capacity usable across tasks, subjects, or contexts.; The wording generalizes beyond the source by presenting a broad cross-task definition that is not stated in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Özkaya Ali; Turan Saim; Uzun Adem; Akhan Osman. Disciplinary trends in spatial concept associations: a multifaceted analysis of student responses. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1745600; article XML SHA-256 cd7ebc61ac4906ae0a663c407a9961aa3c6d00f26b800d6a9193dc3a5e0a422f. “Disciplinary trends in spatial concept associations: a multifaceted analysis of student responses” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1745600).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7c0b41d0b3499f00ab09d3c29a3c673b4da5f7a974907d4951a9cba656452885","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1745600","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1745600; article XML SHA-256 cd7ebc61ac4906ae0a663c407a9961aa3c6d00f26b800d6a9193dc3a5e0a422f","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13229861","source_snapshot_sha256":"cd7ebc61ac4906ae0a663c407a9961aa3c6d00f26b800d6a9193dc3a5e0a422f","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1745600"}],"status":"dropped","term":"domain-general ability"},{"id":"double-standard","reason":"The definition adds an interpretation about a “common moral rule” that is not stated in the packet text.; The definition’s claim that a double standard means using “two different measures … rather than one common moral rule” is not explicitly supported by the packet; the packet states that a “double standard of virtue and duty” prevailed but does not describe it as being “rather than one common moral rule.”; The definition’s claim that the passage describes a “medieval Christian distinction … between higher and lower expectations of conduct” is only loosely implied; the packet mentions medieval ecclesiastical jurisprudence and Christian casuistry, but it does not explicitly state “higher and lower expectations” or characterize the distinction in those terms.; The phrase “higher and lower expectations of conduct” is not supported by the supplied passage; the excerpt only states that “there came to prevail a double standard of virtue and duty” and then cuts off mid-sentence.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-1102500-1114500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"0eb16ccb2651357677eb53fcfefc0a45080b46708849e2b1c589068f8a8b06e5","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-1102500-1114500","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"double standard"},{"id":"downward-social-comparison","reason":"The claim that such comparison makes viewers feel relatively more capable is not supported by the packet.; The packet does not provide an explicit definition of “downward social comparison” as a tendency to compare oneself with someone doing worse or failing; it only mentions “components of downward social comparison” in relation to game failures.; The packet does not support the claim that seeing another person fail makes viewers feel “relatively more capable.”; The packet supports that witnessing failures can activate downward social comparison and competitive motivation, but it does not define downward social comparison as a general tendency to compare oneself with someone doing worse or failing.; While the packet does support that witnessing failures can “activate… competitive motivation,” it does not clearly support the rest of the definition’s wording about increasing “interest” via that specific mechanism.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zetian Dai; Juan Xue; Jiaxin Du; Hoe Tan Wee. Unlocking play willingness: the dual pathways of curiosity drive and downward social comparison in game advertising. 2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1374649; article XML SHA-256 eaa1de7a83756cebe8812cc25df0a51764211b805d782f936ec4f90afbfca41e. “Unlocking play willingness: the dual pathways of curiosity drive and downward social comparison in game advertising” (10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1374649).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b5313bd99c9f1d561c0b4bb2ba5b9f2dbd0739aab40fbf229b6f01b557fa5d95","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1374649","revision":"2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1374649; article XML SHA-256 eaa1de7a83756cebe8812cc25df0a51764211b805d782f936ec4f90afbfca41e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11378734","source_snapshot_sha256":"eaa1de7a83756cebe8812cc25df0a51764211b805d782f936ec4f90afbfca41e","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1374649"}],"status":"dropped","term":"downward social comparison"},{"id":"dream-ego","reason":"The definition adds “how freely it moves,” which is only loosely related to the packet’s phrase “clear mobility” and is not stated as a definitional feature in the source.; The packet does not explicitly define “dream ego” as the “dreamer’s sense of self,” nor does it provide wording that directly supports the specific characterization “sense of self as it appears within a dream narrative.” It only reports comparisons in terms of “dream-ego agency,” “vagueness of the dream-ego,” “mobility,” and “presence of others,” without defining the construct in those terms.; The packet supports dream-ego as a feature of dream structure characterized by agency, mobility, vagueness, and the presence of others, but it does not define it as the dreamer’s “sense of self” within the dream narrative.; The wording presents these features as a current general definition rather than as findings from previous research in this specific article context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Konakawa Hisae; Kawai Toshio; Tanaka Yasuhiro; Hatanaka Chihiro; Li Qi; Koh Alethea. Examining the association between cultural self-construal and dream structures in China, Japan, and the United States. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1688407; article XML SHA-256 b8077ae8f4bf43dada49e90ad5e2f2b7c0712332bf90dbe82a11b438af5ed63d. “Examining the association between cultural self-construal and dream structures in China, Japan, and the United States” (10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1688407).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"42d7b79907699780c0d4ef2f099e6c4ca8959408f307d9249d470eb536364300","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1688407","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1688407; article XML SHA-256 b8077ae8f4bf43dada49e90ad5e2f2b7c0712332bf90dbe82a11b438af5ed63d","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12832506","source_snapshot_sha256":"b8077ae8f4bf43dada49e90ad5e2f2b7c0712332bf90dbe82a11b438af5ed63d","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1688407"}],"status":"dropped","term":"dream ego"},{"id":"drug-abuse-treatment","reason":"The definition claims that treatment “includes medication-based treatment and related monitoring,” but the provided packet discusses medication comparisons (methadone, buprenorphine, extended-release naltrexone) and data collected during trials; it does not explicitly support the notion of “related monitoring” as part of the definition.; The definition is placed under the “diagnosis” field, but the source packet is about clinical trials and medication-assisted treatment approaches for opioid use disorder, not diagnostic criteria or diagnosis.; The packet discusses medication-assisted/pharmacological treatment for opioid use disorder in clinical trials, not a general definition of “drug abuse treatment” for substance use problems overall.; “Inpatient facilities or outpatient treatment programs” is supported only as study/treatment settings mentioned in the article, not as part of a dictionary definition of the term.; “Related monitoring intended to help people complete care and move toward long-term recovery” goes beyond what the packet states and is not directly defined there.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Balise Raymond R; Hu Mei-Chen; Calderon Anna R; Odom Gabriel J; Brandt Laura; Luo Sean X; Feaster Daniel J. Data cleaning and harmonization of clinical trial data: Medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0312695; article XML SHA-256 658dd6929f2031845cb247ba33adfc64298f5f715d81f68463b58ba802cee036. “Data cleaning and harmonization of clinical trial data: Medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder” (10.1371/journal.pone.0312695).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c05201acf1a854c279267821cd83763b4cad917d06d1d6900ef02195c248cfb0","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0312695","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0312695; article XML SHA-256 658dd6929f2031845cb247ba33adfc64298f5f715d81f68463b58ba802cee036","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11581333","source_snapshot_sha256":"658dd6929f2031845cb247ba33adfc64298f5f715d81f68463b58ba802cee036","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312695"}],"status":"dropped","term":"drug abuse treatment"},{"id":"ds","reason":"The definition’s opening expansion is therefore not securely supported by the supplied source packet, even though the treatment and mechanism statements are broadly consistent with the packet.; The packet does not support the specific acronym/symbol “DS” standing for disulfiram; it refers to “Disulfiram (DSF)” but does not define “DS” as an abbreviation.; The packet supports disulfiram as the substance, but it does not support the acronym sense “DS” for disulfiram; the source text uses “DSF,” not “DS.”; The packet supports disulfiram’s use for alcoholism and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibition leading to the disulfiram-ethanol reaction, but the requested sense/term “DS” is not explicitly established in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Disulfiram” (C447).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"378b947479130114949a739bbeffe1138b1ff62c46b7ee20000d70c51d82d390","record_id":"C447","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"DS"},{"id":"dtps","reason":"The definition asserts that cells “temporarily survive a drug treatment” by “evading its effects without permanent genetic resistance”; while the packet describes DTPs as “temporarily survive drug treatment” and notes they can provide “a reservoir for future genetic changes driving permanent resistance,” it does not explicitly support the phrasing that they do so specifically “without permanent genetic resistance.”; The definition frames the term in “cancer” and describes cancer-cell drug resistance mechanisms; this is not clearly within the requested field of “mental health,” and no mental-health context is provided in the packet.; The packet supports drug-tolerant persisters/DTPs in cancer research, not a mental health or counselling term, so the requested field is not defensible from the source.; The provided definition claims “DTPS” stands for “drug-tolerant persisters,” but the packet consistently uses “DTPs” (drug-tolerant persisters) rather than “DTPS,” so the specific acronym “DTPS” is not supported.; The source uses DTPs (drug-tolerant persisters), not DTPS as a defined acronym, so the exact term/sense is not fully supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Iyer Anton; Alva Adrian; Granada Adrián E; Chakrabarti Shaon. Inheritable cell-states shape drug-persister correlations and population dynamics in cancer cells. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013446; article XML SHA-256 0c9d7a2b712e65969cd4d6fd08cfed00277be56a55f2007b346840e83c3f96e7. “Inheritable cell-states shape drug-persister correlations and population dynamics in cancer cells” (10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013446).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"1d825c5fc4a3409dd1964caefcbd7a26fd860b25142fb92b1a5b458e9354bf11","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013446","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013446; article XML SHA-256 0c9d7a2b712e65969cd4d6fd08cfed00277be56a55f2007b346840e83c3f96e7","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12469175","source_snapshot_sha256":"0c9d7a2b712e65969cd4d6fd08cfed00277be56a55f2007b346840e83c3f96e7","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013446"}],"status":"dropped","term":"DTPS"},{"id":"dutch-hunger-winter","reason":"The definition claims the effects “persist across the lifespan,” but the packet only states “decades later” and does not explicitly support persistence across the lifespan as a whole.; The definition’s wording “long-term biological and developmental effects” is partially supported (e.g., metabolic/neurodevelopmental consequences; long-term health like diabetes/cardiovascular disease), but the specific linkage in the definition to “developmental effects that persist across the lifespan” is not fully supported by the packet’s phrasing.; The packet supports long-term health effects of in utero exposure, but “persist across the lifespan” is broader than the source states; it only says effects are seen decades later and does not establish a lifespan-wide generalization.; The packet supports the Dutch Hunger Winter as the 1944–45 famine in the Netherlands, but it does not support the claim that it is “often used” as a historical example in research.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Eftekhari Adan; Aker Amira; Uppalapati Khartik; Wispelwey Bram. Scarcity by design: famine, structural violence, and the biosocial inheritance of political deprivation. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1819688; article XML SHA-256 56d9eef84fd73996c17ab3a297ce6d9bc193055f655b9c757990021aaeeb9d28. “Scarcity by design: famine, structural violence, and the biosocial inheritance of political deprivation” (10.3389/fpubh.2026.1819688).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"958790b6b44b70e6c8217b60b3064f5f12f80ff3d34a46c908b46cbd1b43794d","record_id":"10.3389/fpubh.2026.1819688","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1819688; article XML SHA-256 56d9eef84fd73996c17ab3a297ce6d9bc193055f655b9c757990021aaeeb9d28","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13216016","source_snapshot_sha256":"56d9eef84fd73996c17ab3a297ce6d9bc193055f655b9c757990021aaeeb9d28","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1819688"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Dutch Hunger Winter"},{"id":"duty-to-warn","reason":"The definition adds that the duty is an “ethical and legal” responsibility; the packet only states an “obligation” to breach confidentiality and does not explicitly support ethical and/or legal wording.; The packet supports an obligation to breach confidentiality to warn third parties, but it does not mention a legal responsibility; adding “legal” is unsupported.; The packet supports warning third parties about being assaulted or contracting a serious infection, but it does not provide support for the specific phrasing “health professional’s ethical and legal responsibility.”; The source says the danger is to third parties being assaulted or contracting a serious infection, so the wording should stay anchored to that scope rather than generalizing beyond it.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Duty to Warn” (D017007).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"8b5c3acc1b96e82f102504a6b85ad49d16fb00d3b9d11bd56bd4ca69de97b731","record_id":"D017007","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D017007"}],"status":"dropped","term":"duty to warn"},{"id":"ecological-systems-theory","reason":"Because that phrase is a substantive claim about the theory’s framing, the definition includes at least one element not directly evidenced in the provided text.; The packet discusses applying ecological systems/social-ecological theory to outcomes and references proximal vs. distal influences, but it does not explicitly support the specific characterization “a developmental view.”; The packet supports a social-ecological view of youth behavior and outcomes, but it does not explicitly support calling ecological systems theory a “developmental view.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Sheerin Kaitlin M.; Brodell Regina; Huey Stanley J.; Kemp Kathleen A.. Applying ecological systems theory to juvenile legal system interventions outcomes research: a measurement framework. 2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1177568; article XML SHA-256 44cd766256c659c681cfa307391d013cbe2626da767599a9f117ee46c5695a9f. “Applying ecological systems theory to juvenile legal system interventions outcomes research: a measurement framework” (10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1177568).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"88c8625d0431bf26da75fba639b2ba4d9543a1ab963b79311d6a22ccb18f8c29","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1177568","revision":"2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1177568; article XML SHA-256 44cd766256c659c681cfa307391d013cbe2626da767599a9f117ee46c5695a9f","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10327555","source_snapshot_sha256":"44cd766256c659c681cfa307391d013cbe2626da767599a9f117ee46c5695a9f","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1177568"}],"status":"dropped","term":"ecological systems theory"},{"id":"eeg-biofeedback","reason":"The definition slightly broadens the studied use from the packet’s specific settings (certain brain disorders and chemotherapy for breast cancer) to a more general claim about medical contexts.; The definition’s claim that it “may help with stress and mental side effects in some medical contexts” is broader than the packet, which specifically says it “may help cancer patients deal with the stress and mental side effects of chemotherapy.”; The final clause generalizes beyond the packet: it says EEG biofeedback may help with stress and mental side effects in some medical contexts, but the source only mentions cancer patients treated with chemotherapy for breast cancer.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Neurofeedback” (C93302).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"94c79c6e9dd6d489ccd9dc818906bfa2a1dcd9a145c05024431da944235f4d24","record_id":"C93302","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"EEG biofeedback"},{"id":"effexor","reason":"The packet defines venlafaxine hydrochloride (and its metabolism to O-desmethylvenlafaxine) but does not explicitly state that “Effexor” is a brand name for venlafaxine hydrochloride, so that substantive claim is unsupported by the provided text.; The packet says the substance is used for the treatment of depression, but it does not explicitly identify it as an antidepressant.; The packet supports venlafaxine hydrochloride and its metabolism/reuptake effects, but it does not state that Effexor is a brand name for it.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Venlafaxine Hydrochloride” (C29540).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c6733b23f4cca35f8b3b8a25aacdc5e063fca2716453359378b198df3d960877","record_id":"C29540","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Effexor"},{"id":"egotism","reason":"The definition’s second sentence adds a distinction—\"rather than simply self-reference\"—that is not supported by the packet text, which defines egoism/egotism in terms of a conscious end/aim being the advantage of the personal self but does not contrast this with mere self-reference.; The packet supports that egotism was used in the same sense as egoism—an attitude or disposition with the conscious end of advantage for the personal self—but it does not support the added contrast with “simply self-reference.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Egoism” (Egoism).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"5ed2ae729470edb25277c2f89274a0f3a2e4791acf58b98384663db7e542fe2f","record_id":"Egoism","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"78221b587b713f0fedd3f2e93ee72764da6a6170f4f18df4b332be23c6f05bcf","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/E1defs.htm#Egoism"}],"status":"dropped","term":"egotism"},{"id":"eigenwelt","reason":"Because that key contrast claim is not directly supported by the packet’s provided text, the definition contains at least one substantive element that cannot be confirmed from the supplied source.; The definition claims that Eigenwelt “refers to experience becoming organized more within a personal, less shared world rather than within ordinary intersubjective self-evidence,” but the packet only explicitly lists Eigenwelt as “the constitution of an idiosyncratic private world” and separately mentions “loss of lifeworld through diminished natural self-evidence”; it does not explicitly state this specific contrast wording about “ordinary intersubjective self-evidence.”; The packet supports Eigenwelt as an “idiosyncratic private world” and as one interpretation of the schizophrenic lifeworld, but it does not support the added claim that experience becomes organized in a less shared world in contrast to “ordinary intersubjective self-evidence.”; “Phenomenological term” is broadly defensible from the article context, but the definition goes beyond the packet by paraphrasing a specific phenomenological mechanism that is not explicitly stated for Eigenwelt.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Kramer Marco; Mavrogiorgou Paraskevi; Juckel Georg. The concept of the schizophrenic lifeworld revisited. 2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1625364; article XML SHA-256 29642857278e9c1fb898c2275bb991ce5b4e4f1032640950944c9ef3cb8a6456. “The concept of the schizophrenic lifeworld revisited” (10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1625364).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3a0e55c72ff1d7a611cf8ffcab8603549b982b844b896406c35d56cbea1302eb","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1625364","revision":"2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1625364; article XML SHA-256 29642857278e9c1fb898c2275bb991ce5b4e4f1032640950944c9ef3cb8a6456","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12511080","source_snapshot_sha256":"29642857278e9c1fb898c2275bb991ce5b4e4f1032640950944c9ef3cb8a6456","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1625364"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Eigenwelt"},{"id":"elation","reason":"The definition states that “elation is an abnormally elevated mood state,” but the provided packet does not define elation as abnormally elevated mood; it only lists “elation” among examples of severe mood disturbances.; The packet supports elation only as one example of a severe disturbance in mood within psychotic affective disorders; it does not explicitly support the added gloss that elation is an \"abnormally elevated mood state.\"; The packet supports that “elation” can be present as part of a severe mood disturbance in psychotic affective disorders (described as affective disorders with psychotic symptoms), but the definition’s first claim goes beyond what is supported by the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Affective Disorders, Psychotic” (D000341).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"9be5dd568ee1d628f14a727a1e754516f00ba4b5de835e0032fd24f6373aba0e","record_id":"D000341","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000341"}],"status":"dropped","term":"elation"},{"id":"electronic-health-record","reason":"The definition adds a broad generalization about 'replacing paper records' as the core purpose, while the packet supports EHRs as tools that improve documentation, reporting, communication, and access to up-to-date clinical information, but not that as the defining sense in this field.; The definition claims the EHR is “for recording and sharing patient information within health care services,” but the packet describes providing up-to-date clinical information, streaming patient documentation, and communication between health care workers; it does not clearly support the specific notion of “sharing patient information within health care services.”; The entry is not defensible for the requested field of cognition in a psychology/counselling dictionary; the packet describes a health information system used in health care settings, not a cognition term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Shrestha Anmol; Shah Jasmit; Khakhar Zamanali; Ruiz Armando; Talib Zohray; Ali Sayed K. End user experiences of an electronic health records platform in a tertiary hospital system in Kenya. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0332249; article XML SHA-256 e60079d80d48d2cc2fd522e5e1533ec0100322b2ae3c2ebc0e7cae044490cf37. “End user experiences of an electronic health records platform in a tertiary hospital system in Kenya” (10.1371/journal.pone.0332249).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c1fc7e2670bb665c24b775d8b0e7c585f42d83f5ef40d1f29f20a0f57a5f93fa","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332249","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0332249; article XML SHA-256 e60079d80d48d2cc2fd522e5e1533ec0100322b2ae3c2ebc0e7cae044490cf37","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12449015","source_snapshot_sha256":"e60079d80d48d2cc2fd522e5e1533ec0100322b2ae3c2ebc0e7cae044490cf37","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0332249"}],"status":"dropped","term":"electronic health record"},{"id":"elevated-mood","reason":"The definition’s wording is a general mental-health characterization that is not directly supported by the packet’s text about drug-induced effects.; The packet does not define *elevated mood* as a general mental-health term; it mentions it only as one manifestation of psychologic dependence in a drug descriptor.; The packet does not explicitly define “elevated mood” as a higher-than-usual positive emotional state; it only mentions “elevated mood” as something induced by abused psychostimulant drugs.; The packet provides context tying “elevated mood” to psychostimulant effects (with additional items like increased wakefulness and well-being), but it does not support the requested characterization about being “higher-than-usual” or “positive emotional state.”; The phrase ‘higher-than-usual positive emotional state’ is an unsupported generalization beyond the packet’s wording, which only links elevated mood with increased wakefulness and a feeling of well-being.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Dextroamphetamine-Amphetamine” (C26643).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"975ef09869a4e8b2f675943cd7b6b7cebf00ce32bf40a36da7bc85524be23c1a","record_id":"C26643","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"elevated mood"},{"id":"emergency-call-system","reason":"Other elements (base station, home motion sensors, a wearable/necklace fall-detection sensor, and a social service) are supported by the packet, but the unsupported “unusual inactivity” and “quickly alert” components prevent a full pass.; The definition claims detection of “unusual inactivity”; the packet describes emergency detection using motion sensors and a necklace with fall detection sensors, but does not mention inactivity detection as a feature.; The definition says the system “quickly alert[s] for help”; the packet mentions an emergency call system and support services, but does not explicitly state that alerts occur quickly.; The packet supports a home-based emergency call system with a base station, home motion sensors, a necklace with fall-detection sensors, and a social service, but it does not support the added claim that the system detects “unusual inactivity.”; “Quickly alert for help” is only indirectly supported by the description that fall sensors may trigger an emergency call automatically and that the system promises immediate responses; the definition should not extend beyond the packet’s wording.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zoellick Jan C.; Lech Sonia; O’Sullivan Julie L.; Jansen Eva; Supplieth Juliana; Kuhnert Ronny; Grittner Ulrike; Schuster Johanna. Fall sensors, home emergency system, and social service for ≥ 75-year-olds living at home - a matched control intervention study. 2025; DOI 10.1186/s12877-025-05856-2; article XML SHA-256 a1f54a7592f55be21d51de7220c74499ab40a976506df35bc1f5100ae6077566. “Fall sensors, home emergency system, and social service for ≥ 75-year-olds living at home - a matched control intervention study” (10.1186/s12877-025-05856-2).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"eb83e16894e831c5911e380924978d926decfa104416ae2a341df9c4a55349fc","record_id":"10.1186/s12877-025-05856-2","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1186/s12877-025-05856-2; article XML SHA-256 a1f54a7592f55be21d51de7220c74499ab40a976506df35bc1f5100ae6077566","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11963553","source_snapshot_sha256":"a1f54a7592f55be21d51de7220c74499ab40a976506df35bc1f5100ae6077566","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-05856-2"}],"status":"dropped","term":"emergency call system"},{"id":"emergency-intervention","reason":"The packet defines “suicidal events” as “either a suicide attempt or an emergency intervention for an acute suicidal crisis,” but it does not state that an emergency intervention is an “urgent response.”; The packet does not explicitly characterize an “emergency intervention” as “treated as a serious suicidal event.” (It is only included as one type of “suicidal events.”); The packet does support that it is distinct from a suicide attempt, but it does not say it is a diagnosis- or risk-level category on its own, so the phrasing “treated as a serious suicidal event” needs tighter grounding in the source.; The packet supports that an emergency intervention occurs for an acute suicidal crisis and is counted among “suicidal events,” but it does not support defining it as a general “urgent response” or as a clinical intervention procedure.; While the packet indicates emergency intervention is distinct from a suicide attempt by listing them as separate alternatives within “suicidal events,” it does not support the added claim that it “indicat[es] immediate crisis-level risk” beyond the phrase “for an acute suicidal crisis.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Yen Shirley; Suazo Nazaret; Doerr Jackson; Macrynikola Natalia; Villarreal Leanna S; Sodano Sophia; O’Brien Kimberly H M; Wolff Jennifer C; Breault Christopher; Gibb Brandon E; Elwy Rani; Kahler Christopher W; Ranney Megan; Jones Richard; Spirito Anthony. Skills to Enhance Positivity in adolescents at risk for suicide: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0287285; article XML SHA-256 ba93220f2d8745c9506a7c0c4732ff8db1907263cd75a6fd102b05e89cc9e07e. “Skills to Enhance Positivity in adolescents at risk for suicide: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial” (10.1371/journal.pone.0287285).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c81ab2369a66fd9d13603d13bb041d2e905097133e98a38020b9af71076f5f2b","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0287285","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0287285; article XML SHA-256 ba93220f2d8745c9506a7c0c4732ff8db1907263cd75a6fd102b05e89cc9e07e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10588868","source_snapshot_sha256":"ba93220f2d8745c9506a7c0c4732ff8db1907263cd75a6fd102b05e89cc9e07e","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287285"}],"status":"dropped","term":"emergency intervention"},{"id":"emergent-leader","reason":"The packet mentions “emergent leader-follower dynamics” and that binding may reflect the distribution of predictive control within a dyad, but it does not explicitly support the claim that the leader-follower role is “not set in advance.”; The packet supports emergent leader-follower dynamics in movement trajectories and distribution of predictive control within a dyad, but it does not define an “emergent leader” as a person who comes to take a more guiding role, nor does it support the claim that the role was not set in advance.; The wording broadens the source beyond what is stated by adding group-level and role-based interpretation (“member of a pair or group,” “guiding role,” “co-regulation”) that is not explicitly supported in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Woolford Felix; Suzuki Keisuke. Intentional binding reflects pair dynamics and sense of agency in embodied joint action in human-human dyads but not in human-computer dyads. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1768740; article XML SHA-256 e72630f9a549ced6f7dd33f79c23eca02e64a484acb6cef87054fcf27e7180d9. “Intentional binding reflects pair dynamics and sense of agency in embodied joint action in human-human dyads but not in human-computer dyads” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1768740).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"36e4dd9e1961948d5efbe68127f10c4b2e55b41bed91bce170fac6807beaea94","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1768740","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1768740; article XML SHA-256 e72630f9a549ced6f7dd33f79c23eca02e64a484acb6cef87054fcf27e7180d9","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13017952","source_snapshot_sha256":"e72630f9a549ced6f7dd33f79c23eca02e64a484acb6cef87054fcf27e7180d9","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1768740"}],"status":"dropped","term":"emergent leader"},{"id":"empirical","reason":"Although the first sentence broadly matches the packet’s “experience” basis (“based upon… guided by… derived from… EXPERIENCE”), the psychology/contrast content is not supported by the packet text.; The added contrast “rather than from theory alone” is not supported by the source, which only says “based upon,” “guided by,” and “derived from” experience.; The definition broadens the source by framing the term specifically as used “in psychology or related fields,” while the packet provides only a general historical definition of “empirical.”; The definition’s second sentence claims a specific psychology/related-fields usage (“In psychology or related fields…”) and contrasts “experience rather than theory alone,” but the provided packet does not mention psychology-specific contexts or any explicit “rather than theory” contrast.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Empirical” (Empirical).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"0f77afdb32af46aac1cf5ff99173b4ac08f9762d693ef311ca744308be4a63b3","record_id":"Empirical","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"78221b587b713f0fedd3f2e93ee72764da6a6170f4f18df4b332be23c6f05bcf","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/E1defs.htm#Empirical"}],"status":"dropped","term":"empirical"},{"id":"environmental-manipulation","reason":"The definition claims a general meaning of the term (“changing outside conditions in an experiment to alter a biological state and see how that change affects a response”), but the provided packet only mentions “decreasing cholesterol levels through environmental manipulation” and does not define or justify this broader general characterization of the phrase.; The definition is not strictly confined to learning-related content: the packet is primarily about acute functional tolerance to ethanol in *C. elegans* and neuronal/lipid mechanisms, with no support that the term is used in a learning-specific sense.; The definition states “In this source, it refers to lowering cholesterol levels through external conditions rather than by direct genetic change.” The packet supports that cholesterol levels were decreased via “environmental manipulation” and contrasts this with genetic manipulations (e.g., genetic changes affecting TAG levels), but it does not explicitly state the ‘rather than by direct genetic change’ wording or that the cholesterol manipulation is specifically non-genetic in the way the definition implies.; The packet only shows that decreasing cholesterol levels through environmental manipulation had effects similar to decreased TAG levels; it does not define the term as a general experimental method for changing outside conditions to alter a biological state and measure a response.; The phrase is not supported as meaning “lowering cholesterol levels through external conditions rather than by direct genetic change” in general; that interpretation is an extrapolation beyond the single study context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Bettinger Jill C.; Leung Kapo; Bolling Mia H.; Goldsmith Andrew D.; Davies Andrew G.. Lipid Environment Modulates the Development of Acute Tolerance to Ethanol in Caenorhabditis elegans. 2012; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0035192; article XML SHA-256 85efc2f0bf3af588c714483f206a982c88a7e66d3cf5588887348aeed50cd791. “Lipid Environment Modulates the Development of Acute Tolerance to Ethanol in Caenorhabditis elegans” (10.1371/journal.pone.0035192).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f2f59a20feb6dee151f1dbedc602b8415e4c9d0a2742b563d6efe9cf44ff7f83","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0035192","revision":"2012; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0035192; article XML SHA-256 85efc2f0bf3af588c714483f206a982c88a7e66d3cf5588887348aeed50cd791","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc3344825","source_snapshot_sha256":"85efc2f0bf3af588c714483f206a982c88a7e66d3cf5588887348aeed50cd791","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0035192"}],"status":"dropped","term":"environmental manipulation"},{"id":"epileptogenic-focus","reason":"The definition makes a specific causal claim that an epileptogenic focus is the exact brain area where seizure activity starts; the packet supports identifying epileptogenic focus locations and brain structures associated with seizures, but does not explicitly define the term in those words.; The definition’s first sentence (“specific brain area where epileptic seizure activity starts”) is broadly consistent with the packet’s use of “epileptogenic focus locations or brain structures” and its focus on seizure-onset/epileptogenic localization, but the packet does not provide an explicit one-to-one definitional statement of “epileptogenic focus” as “the specific brain area where seizure activity starts.”; The requested field is not defensible from the packet: this is an epilepsy/neurology topic about focal seizures and autonomic dysfunction, not a cognition entry.; The second sentence claims that identifying the seizure-onset location “can help relate symptoms, including autonomic changes, to the brain structures involved.” While the packet discusses autonomic changes during seizures and argues that ictal autonomic dysfunction indicates involvement of central autonomic areas and may be useful diagnostically, it does not explicitly state that *identifying the epileptogenic focus/seizure-onset location* helps relate symptoms to brain structures in the way the definition asserts.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zhuravlev Dmitry; Marchenko Anna; Skalnaya Anastasia; Lebedeva Marina; Trifonov Igor; Rider Flora; Ierusalimsky Nikolay; Burkitbaev Sabir; Semenovykh Natalia; Luzin Roman; Sinkin Mikhail; Krylov Vladimir; Guekht Alla. Ictal cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction during focal seizures induced by direct electrical stimulation: An observational study research protocol. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0320357; article XML SHA-256 430778de768cef70cb8be40a0a2b3da895e243f56dec60411408d172d2c172be. “Ictal cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction during focal seizures induced by direct electrical stimulation: An observational study research protocol” (10.1371/journal.pone.0320357).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"8f9243715015352966a1f47fd37e38b475bb1c4e53653a571c5433fca2b12852","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320357","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0320357; article XML SHA-256 430778de768cef70cb8be40a0a2b3da895e243f56dec60411408d172d2c172be","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11957280","source_snapshot_sha256":"430778de768cef70cb8be40a0a2b3da895e243f56dec60411408d172d2c172be","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320357"}],"status":"dropped","term":"epileptogenic focus"},{"id":"epsp","reason":"The definition adds that an EPSP is “brief,” but the supplied source only supports depolarization of synaptic membrane potentials during neurotransmission and does not state duration.; The definition states the EPSP is a “brief” depolarizing change, but the provided packet does not describe EPSPs as brief.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials” (D019706).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"7b92bfa0c3e1b69d98d9537357e48cce1f037f0d8b12406fe01750b3b343182c","record_id":"D019706","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D019706"}],"status":"dropped","term":"EPSP"},{"id":"euphoriant","reason":"The first sentence (“A euphoriant is a substance used to produce euphoria or pleasurable mood effects”) is not explicitly stated or supported anywhere in the provided packet text.; The packet supports only that arecoline “has been used as a euphoriant in the Pacific Islands”; it does not define euphoriant as a substance used to produce euphoria or pleasurable mood effects.; The second sentence narrows the claim to arecoline and adds context not needed for the term’s definition, so the requested sense of the term is not directly supported by the packet.; While the packet does say arecoline “has been used as a euphoriant in the Pacific Islands,” it does not provide the requested general definition of what an “euphoriant” is.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Arecoline” (D001115).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"23b78f52a73e3709c56188050bb7ffba3792d9a2727268aa8bcda57dae4c9963","record_id":"D001115","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D001115"}],"status":"dropped","term":"euphoriant"},{"id":"ex-rp","reason":"The claim that patients confront feared situations or thoughts while refraining from compulsive responses is not stated in the packet.; The definition’s wording frames EX/RP as a specific “cognitive-behavioral treatment approach” and includes behavioral targets not explicitly described in the provided packet text beyond the general ERP focus.; The packet only states that CBT “focuses on exposure and response prevention (ERP)” as the primary psychological treatment for OCD, but it does not support the additional description that patients “confront feared situations or thoughts” while “refraining from their usual compulsive responses.”; The packet supports EX/RP only as part of the name of the Patient Exposure and Response Prevention (EX/RP) Adherence Scale (PEAS), not as the term for the treatment itself.; The sentence about adherence to EX/RP during and between sessions being measured as an indicator of treatment engagement is only partly supported; the packet says in- and between-session patient adherence was measured with PEAS and may reflect treatment engagement, but it does not state this as a general definition of EX/RP.; The statement that EX/RP is a cognitive-behavioral treatment approach for obsessive–compulsive disorder is not directly supported by the packet; the packet mentions ERP as the CBT focus, but not EX/RP in that sense.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Berg Håvard; Tjelle Kristian; Solem Stian; Hansen Bjarne; Kvale Gerd; Björgvinsson Thröstur; Hagen Kristen. Motivation in the Bergen 4-day treatment for obsessive–compulsive disorder. 2025; DOI 10.1186/s12888-025-07218-z; article XML SHA-256 88f1866bd0729aa00175cc501c168e76be6f8b07d5c49b556ae128619d463e12. “Motivation in the Bergen 4-day treatment for obsessive–compulsive disorder” (10.1186/s12888-025-07218-z).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2e6dcee9a45ba0af4a214713f7632d7df4e938b0125598fd25c243336715ecf7","record_id":"10.1186/s12888-025-07218-z","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1186/s12888-025-07218-z; article XML SHA-256 88f1866bd0729aa00175cc501c168e76be6f8b07d5c49b556ae128619d463e12","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12512304","source_snapshot_sha256":"88f1866bd0729aa00175cc501c168e76be6f8b07d5c49b556ae128619d463e12","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-025-07218-z"}],"status":"dropped","term":"EX/RP"},{"id":"exaltation","reason":"The definition claims the grandiose beliefs are “about one’s importance, power, wealth, or identity,” but the packet explicitly lists “importance” and “wealth” and related terms (e.g., strength), while “power” and “identity” are not stated in the provided text.; “Identity” is not supported by the source wording; the packet lists delusions of grandeur, vanity, unusual strength, importance, or wealth, but not grandiose beliefs about one’s identity.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Exaltation” (Exaltation).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"db433ae4c512b6ad7b13d66d8ab05938fee8a54ca7d599ed0efb6fac657e1413","record_id":"Exaltation","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"1c9eaa787e70b25cc4b4648c6fb89a507c1319b5d17c9d15e4e83beb1e9a0636","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/E3defs.htm#Exaltation"}],"status":"dropped","term":"exaltation"},{"id":"exercise-adherence","reason":"Because the definition contains substantive claims beyond what the packet explicitly provides (especially the general time-based/behavioral extent wording), the definition cannot be accepted as supported by the supplied source packet.; The added gloss about being \"especially as an intention to sustain exercise behavior, such as continuing to meet planned activity goals\" goes beyond the packet’s wording; the packet discusses \"exercise adherence intention\" and sustaining exercise plans, but not that fuller definition or planned activity goals.; The definition’s first sentence (“extent to which a person keeps following an exercise plan or maintains regular physical activity over time”) is not explicitly supported as a definition in the provided packet text; the packet discusses exercise adherence intention and related effects, but does not supply this general operational meaning.; The packet supports exercise adherence in relation to sustaining exercise plans or behavior, but it does not explicitly define it as the extent to which a person keeps following an exercise plan or maintains regular physical activity over time.; The packet supports the latter portion about “intention to sustain exercise behavior/ plans” in the context of gamification and intention (it references “exercise adherence intention” and intention effects), but the definition combines this with an additional, broader characterization not stated in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Sun Yi; Dong Hongchi; Jiang Wenyi. Is more always better? An S-shaped impact of gamification feature richness on exercise adherence intention. 2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1671543; article XML SHA-256 0825222ba8a7d03d8ead386a2e32baba47046159582b516cbb428e882722bb8d. “Is more always better? An S-shaped impact of gamification feature richness on exercise adherence intention” (10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1671543).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"ae81ba0328bb5a370e83c5232ddb0780a25d1377efb6a87cfbc630588945edd4","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1671543","revision":"2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1671543; article XML SHA-256 0825222ba8a7d03d8ead386a2e32baba47046159582b516cbb428e882722bb8d","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12554716","source_snapshot_sha256":"0825222ba8a7d03d8ead386a2e32baba47046159582b516cbb428e882722bb8d","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1671543"}],"status":"dropped","term":"exercise adherence"},{"id":"exosystem","reason":"The definition’s second sentence claims these exosystem conditions “can influence family and parenting experiences,” but the packet only reports that exosystem-organizational/community factors (e.g., number of children in the household, neighborhood, hours spent with children, child’s illness/behavior problems, social support) were identified as associated with parental burnout; it does not explicitly support broader wording about influencing “family and parenting experiences.”; The packet supports exosystem as the organizational/community level in Ecological Systems Theory, but it does not support listing “household” as an exosystem condition.; “Time demands” is not stated in the packet; the closest supported wording is the number of hours spent with children.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Ren Xiaohe; Cai Yingying; Wang Jingyi; Chen Ou. A systematic review of parental burnout and related factors among parents. 2024; DOI 10.1186/s12889-024-17829-y; article XML SHA-256 b0db0b642dba296de6a93774abf5e95b8a27ccca97530bd1428be8ef570d9940. “A systematic review of parental burnout and related factors among parents” (10.1186/s12889-024-17829-y).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"245da5a75a6edf4d35d7f1bc3700d92a5758eec72663557faa1f6e6308dc9759","record_id":"10.1186/s12889-024-17829-y","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1186/s12889-024-17829-y; article XML SHA-256 b0db0b642dba296de6a93774abf5e95b8a27ccca97530bd1428be8ef570d9940","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10840230","source_snapshot_sha256":"b0db0b642dba296de6a93774abf5e95b8a27ccca97530bd1428be8ef570d9940","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-17829-y"}],"status":"dropped","term":"exosystem"},{"id":"expertnovice-differences","reason":"The first sentence defines “expert–novice differences” as “performance and attention differences” between “more highly trained people and less experienced beginners on the same task,” but the provided packet does not explicitly make or support that definitional framing.; The packet supports only a narrower claim: that “tactical training experience, rather than occupational tenure alone, contributes to more efficient gaze strategies under stress,” which is insufficient to justify the broader definition’s general wording about performance/attention differences on the same task.; The packet supports this term only in a narrow police use-of-force eye-tracking context; it does not establish the broad general definition about all tasks or the general claim of “performance and attention differences” between highly trained people and beginners.; “Performance differences” is not specifically supported in the packet; the packet’s support is for more efficient gaze strategies under stress and related decision-making findings, not a general performance-based definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Li Yaoguang; Cui Wenlai. Cognitive decision-making in police use of force: a scoping review based on eye-tracking research. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1837475; article XML SHA-256 5caf1fc7e3a968f4a442a8148cf27b994a33fe7e5ac1c46b9cf54a7a37cf0dd5. “Cognitive decision-making in police use of force: a scoping review based on eye-tracking research” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1837475).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"03294a0e59e73478adde65bad5975fccbf1d91a42624d9393bb2b66b4bde7a70","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1837475","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1837475; article XML SHA-256 5caf1fc7e3a968f4a442a8148cf27b994a33fe7e5ac1c46b9cf54a7a37cf0dd5","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13506682","source_snapshot_sha256":"5caf1fc7e3a968f4a442a8148cf27b994a33fe7e5ac1c46b9cf54a7a37cf0dd5","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1837475"}],"status":"dropped","term":"expert–novice differences"},{"id":"explicit-prejudice","reason":"The definition includes additional specificity (e.g., the exact forms of directness/conscious reporting and the meaning of the response being “absolute, self-reported”) that is not supported by the provided packet text.; The packet contrasts explicit/absolute prejudice measures with comparative and IAT measures, but it does not define explicit prejudice as direct, conscious self-reports or as openly expressed negative attitudes.; The packet does not explicitly define “explicit prejudice” as “direct, conscious reports rather than indirect methods” or use phrasing that supports this characterization.; The phrase \"on absolute, self-reported measures\" is only partially supported; the packet says the study used absolute measures of prejudice that closely resembled the original study, but it does not state that explicit prejudice is generally defined by absolute self-report measures.; While the packet contrasts “explicit measures” with the Implicit Association Test (IAT), it does not state that explicit prejudice specifically involves “absolute, self-reported measures,” nor does it describe them as “openly expressed negative attitudes” on such measures.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Thompson Jordan L.; Cassario Abigail L.; Vallabha Shree; Gnall Samantha A.; Rice Sada; Solanki Prachi; Carrillo Alejandro; Brandt Mark J.; Wetherell Geoffrey A.. Registered report: Stress testing predictive models of ideological prejudice. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0334152; article XML SHA-256 c373fb30dcc6bcfec8aacf30588f3cc6fad8cbecd7df854a096c9334ee78a5b4. “Registered report: Stress testing predictive models of ideological prejudice” (10.1371/journal.pone.0334152).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"00eae88f09ef7fdb7664c5ae5d9a01424b5728b18aa6862c0236789005130fb0","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334152","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0334152; article XML SHA-256 c373fb30dcc6bcfec8aacf30588f3cc6fad8cbecd7df854a096c9334ee78a5b4","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12517488","source_snapshot_sha256":"c373fb30dcc6bcfec8aacf30588f3cc6fad8cbecd7df854a096c9334ee78a5b4","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0334152"}],"status":"dropped","term":"explicit prejudice"},{"id":"exploratory-drive","reason":"Because the defining/meaning claim is unsupported by the packet, the requested sense of the term is not defensible from the supplied source.; The packet does not provide a formal definition of “exploratory drive” as “how much an animal explores its environment”; it only reports that behavioral assessments showed age-related declines in “exploratory drive.”; The packet shows only that exploratory drive declined with age in the study; it does not define the term as an aspect of behavior reflecting how much an animal explores its environment.; The wording presents a gloss as if it were the packet’s meaning, but no fuller formal definition is given in the source text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Amiot Florent; Etchebest Antxon; Andriambelo Bijou; St-Germain Joannie; Avino Mariano; Plourde Mélanie; Laurent Benoit; Pifferi Fabien. Age-related molecular and functional remodeling of the choroid plexus in the gray mouse lemur. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0357233; article XML SHA-256 5004c1b393703d31c5c90e1af410532ecf424d7e8da9bed6a84a04b6d8c3cfbb. “Age-related molecular and functional remodeling of the choroid plexus in the gray mouse lemur” (10.1371/journal.pone.0357233).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"82b12de989bb4791548e35fcc5ccd0d132887e1d07b8d88c06d08a74cffd2be7","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0357233","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0357233; article XML SHA-256 5004c1b393703d31c5c90e1af410532ecf424d7e8da9bed6a84a04b6d8c3cfbb","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13528958","source_snapshot_sha256":"5004c1b393703d31c5c90e1af410532ecf424d7e8da9bed6a84a04b6d8c3cfbb","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0357233"}],"status":"dropped","term":"exploratory drive"},{"id":"expressive-language","reason":"The first sentence (“Expressive language is the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs.”) is not explicitly stated in the packet; the packet describes expressive language as being impaired (speech, writing, signs) rather than defining it as an ability.; The packet’s record is for Broca aphasia, described as an aphasia with impaired expressive language and relatively preserved comprehension; the definition instead defines the general capacity of expressive language and shifts to a condition-specific claim.; The second sentence about Broca aphasia impairing the expressive aspect while comprehension/receptive abilities are relatively preserved is supported by the packet.; The statement about Broca aphasia is not a definition of the term ‘expressive language’ itself, so the requested sense does not match the source record.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Aphasia, Broca” (D001039).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"0f81d1c55117c683f78647c1d049eb762ee3354cf03bec7f9248a5ffe2c2d181","record_id":"D001039","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D001039"}],"status":"dropped","term":"expressive language"},{"id":"eyelid-conditioning","reason":"The definition adds an unsupported mechanistic detail: a “previously neutral cue” being linked to something that triggers blinking is not stated in the packet.; The packet does not mention “triggers blinking” as an explicit outcome; it only refers to eyelid closure.; The packet only states “reflex closure of the eyelid occurring as a result of classical conditioning” and does not explicitly support that the reflex is “learned,” that a “previously neutral cue” is used, or that the cue is “linked” through conditioning.; The packet supports only “reflex closure of the eyelid occurring as a result of classical conditioning,” so the expanded causal explanation goes beyond the supplied source.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Conditioning, Eyelid” (D003215).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"f9b9edca5b7826549ecc43b3a2572bd24e82ac30ca5790f9ea335abec46277b0","record_id":"D003215","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D003215"}],"status":"dropped","term":"eyelid conditioning"},{"id":"f-value","reason":"The definition should stay tightly within the supplied source passage; it goes beyond the passage by generalizing to analyses such as ANOVA without that being directly defined for the term here.; The first sentence adds an unsupported characterization of an F value as expressing the size of an effect relative to error or unexplained variation; the packet only says an F value and its degrees of freedom can be used to calculate partial eta squared.; The packet does not define what an “F value” is or say that it expresses the size of an effect relative to “error or unexplained variation.” It only discusses how partial eta squared (η²p) can be computed from an F value and its degrees of freedom.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Frontiers: Calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science. 2013 volume 4; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863. “Calculating and reporting effect sizes” (9b939b04f5240b5c5c85).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e83d5c3adca0f8a5e6bc062fe25d0f68be91988b415c61de9f83699ffe6c167a","record_id":"9b939b04f5240b5c5c85","revision":"2013 volume 4; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"frontiers","source_snapshot_sha256":"f2e51782a66eebcd47f09f5d4ce87bbd24842742901d81ef6f0f1f2643ab1c96","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863/full"}],"status":"dropped","term":"F value"},{"id":"facial-feedback-hypothesis","reason":"Field mismatch: the provided packet is a narrative review about psychological/psychiatric outcomes and mechanisms of upper facial botulinum toxin, not a diagnostic entry, diagnostic criteria, or diagnostic framing for a specific disorder.; The first sentence is slightly overgeneralized beyond the packet’s scope, which supports the hypothesis in relation to upper facial BoNT-A, corrugator/procerus inhibition, and limbic signaling rather than establishing the broader claim for all facial muscle activity.; The requested field is mismatched: this term is a psychological hypothesis/theory, not a diagnosis, and the packet only discusses it in the context of psychodermatology and BoNT-A effects.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Loewen Álvaro; Aranda-Guerrero Sabina; Tajima-Pozo Kazuhiro. Beyond aesthetic outcomes: psychodermatological benefits of botulinum toxin treatment in the upper facial third. A narrative review. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1822916; article XML SHA-256 81ff9b48ae9dc70f306b12e4024079eb85108a9ac9bd2f0d86e7bcb9380d8057. “Beyond aesthetic outcomes: psychodermatological benefits of botulinum toxin treatment in the upper facial third. A narrative review” (10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1822916).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e7981bb9acc1c94d657672e42740940d77fba7dd738b50a5c6b08468282c1b37","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1822916","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1822916; article XML SHA-256 81ff9b48ae9dc70f306b12e4024079eb85108a9ac9bd2f0d86e7bcb9380d8057","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13286945","source_snapshot_sha256":"81ff9b48ae9dc70f306b12e4024079eb85108a9ac9bd2f0d86e7bcb9380d8057","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1822916"}],"status":"dropped","term":"facial feedback hypothesis"},{"id":"false-analogy","reason":"The definition adds a specific gloss about a word form being \"wrongly reshaped to fit a familiar pattern\" that is not stated in the source packet.; The definition includes wording (“ordinary analogical reshaping,” “rather than as mistakes”) that is not directly stated or clearly entailed by the provided text.; The first sentence relies on a historical sense and framing that are not clearly established by the packet; the source instead explains analogy as ordinary historical change without a correctness/incorrectness distinction.; The packet does not support the claim that “false analogy” was used as an older grammatical label for “a word form seen as wrongly reshaped to fit a familiar pattern.” It discusses “analogy” in older grammar, but does not describe “false analogy” as an older label for incorrectly reshaped forms.; The packet does not support treating \"false analogy\" as an accepted older grammatical term; it says modern historical grammar \"cannot speak of 'false' analogy.\"; While the packet does support that, in the historical view, “false” analogy is not spoken of (it states that modern historical grammar “cannot speak of ‘false’ analogy”), it does not explicitly frame this as “not accepted” because changes are understood as ordinary analogical reshaping rather than mistakes.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Analogy (linguistic)” (Analogy (linguistic)).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"d333cec2fe3023f25ad82fab70e793a7ed723c0ee861d6d8dd5d1a8421484a2c","record_id":"Analogy (linguistic)","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"ac712e517e816ebc2ff1b9395d8ad30deec8126087e1df3f18dd372bfcabd223","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A3defs.htm#Analogy (linguistic)"}],"status":"dropped","term":"false analogy"},{"id":"false-detection","reason":"The definition’s general characterization (“incorrect identification of something as present or as belonging to the wrong category during a detection task”) is not explicitly stated in the provided packet text; the packet only refers to “challenges of false detection” and mentions a “misclassification problem” for left/right gestures.; The packet does not provide a direct, standalone description of “false detection” as a concept/definition; it uses the term within the context of a specific gesture-detection task and model, so the requested broad detection-task wording is unsupported.; The packet supports that the paper addresses false detection in traffic police gesture recognition and mentions misclassification of left-turn vs right-turn gestures, but it does not define false detection as the general concept of incorrectly identifying something as present or as belonging to the wrong category.; The source context is narrower than the definition: it concerns detection/model errors in image-based gesture recognition, not a general detection-task definition across settings.; While the packet does mention misclassification between “left-turn and right-turn gestures,” the provided definition adds additional general-scope phrasing (e.g., “present” and “wrong category”) that is not supported by the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zhang Xiaoyu; Guo Baohua; Anthony Sigama; Bassir David; Zhang Yuandi. FDMB-YOLOv11: Traffic police command gesture recognition method under different lighting conditions. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0357212; article XML SHA-256 cc0dbf08bde32277fee8bec5eb4ff85934708d0610885f7214d1178576901e73. “FDMB-YOLOv11: Traffic police command gesture recognition method under different lighting conditions” (10.1371/journal.pone.0357212).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"339398e5a6d5439c368a78da517baf6ace236b3330cbdeb38ccddd4d4e439647","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0357212","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0357212; article XML SHA-256 cc0dbf08bde32277fee8bec5eb4ff85934708d0610885f7214d1178576901e73","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13524292","source_snapshot_sha256":"cc0dbf08bde32277fee8bec5eb4ff85934708d0610885f7214d1178576901e73","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0357212"}],"status":"dropped","term":"false detection"},{"id":"familial-turner-syndrome","reason":"The definition is more expansive than the packet in wording and framing, including generalized phrasing such as “pattern of physical and hormonal differences,” which is not stated that way in the source.; The definition’s opening claim (“older name for Noonan syndrome”) is therefore unsupported by the provided packet.; The packet does not state that “familial Turner syndrome” is an older name for “Noonan syndrome.” It describes a condition labeled under “Noonan Syndrome,” but it does not explicitly link the term “familial Turner syndrome” as an older/alternate name for Noonan syndrome.; The packet supports that this term is the Noonan syndrome descriptor and that Noonan syndrome is genetically heterogeneous, affects both sexes with a normal karyotype, and can include short stature, webbed neck, skeletal malformations, hormonal imbalance, cardiac abnormalities, and intellectual disability, but it does not support the claim that this is an older name for Noonan syndrome.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Noonan Syndrome” (D009634).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"7ab6f5b33baef30e0c7048dff0647990be783ddeb2df66842f8050487ff24873","record_id":"D009634","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009634"}],"status":"dropped","term":"familial Turner syndrome"},{"id":"family-systems-theory","reason":"The definition presents the theory as a general clinical/psychological account, but the packet provides only one study’s findings and should not be used to generalize the theory’s meaning beyond that evidence.; The packet does not define family systems theory as a developmental perspective; it only says the study is based on family systems theory.; The packet does not explicitly support the claim that family systems theory is “a developmental perspective.” It only states “Based on family systems theory” and then reports a longitudinal study.; The packet supports longitudinal reciprocal associations between “family functioning” and “externalizing problems,” but the definition generalizes this to “an adolescent’s behavior” and “changes in family functioning… and a young person’s externalizing problems can influence each other over time” without explicit wording equivalent to “adolescent’s behavior” or a direct definitional statement connecting family systems theory to that developmental framing.; The phrase about understanding an adolescent’s behavior in relation to how the family functions as a whole is broader than the packet’s evidence, which only supports a reciprocal relationship between family functioning and externalizing problems in this study population.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Liang Zhugui; Tang ShiWei; Li ZhiHua. The dynamic association between family functioning and externalizing problems in adolescents from low-income families: a latent change score model study. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1768618; article XML SHA-256 1f8e2f6241545410d2ffd321eda85f084a16cd367d19d50613a989139b9d258f. “The dynamic association between family functioning and externalizing problems in adolescents from low-income families: a latent change score model study” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1768618).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"03806ae7e7f97cac4ccbc94eaa9a90caf5d9b3d1c9d0a3fed532d962fdb28e14","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1768618","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1768618; article XML SHA-256 1f8e2f6241545410d2ffd321eda85f084a16cd367d19d50613a989139b9d258f","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13152830","source_snapshot_sha256":"1f8e2f6241545410d2ffd321eda85f084a16cd367d19d50613a989139b9d258f","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1768618"}],"status":"dropped","term":"family systems theory"},{"id":"fascination","reason":"The definition claims “fascination refers to the exercise or experience of a peculiar captivating influence over a person.” This idea is only implied by the packet’s definition of “Charm” (verb sense 2: “exercise a peculiar or fascinating influence”), but the packet does not explicitly connect that to “fascination” as a term’s meaning.; The definition’s reference to “older discussions placed it alongside trance, hypnosis, and magical influence” is not directly supported as a statement about “fascination” itself; the packet mentions the trio and then discusses magic in the general usage of “charm,” without defining “fascination.”; The packet does not provide a definition of the term “fascination”; it only mentions “so-called FASCINATION, TRANCE, and HYPNOSIS” as contexts where the verb “to exercise a peculiar or fascinating influence” is used.; The packet supports an active sense of “to exercise a peculiar or fascinating influence,” but it does not support adding “the experience of” that influence.; Therefore, substantive claims about “fascination” and the requested sense of the term are not fully supported by the supplied packet.; “Magical influence” goes beyond the packet, which links the term to the practice of magic rather than defining fascination itself as magical influence.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Charm” (Charm).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"75735f974c049a2ef2cb5e80a75a3c601ff8335f2d52518c8907710b9e5619d4","record_id":"Charm","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"4105db320b643543da8643069f0aa832dcc0042c41d35f881ac00ad2a1445aff","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/C2defs.htm#Charm"}],"status":"dropped","term":"fascination"},{"id":"fetal-infection","reason":"The definition asserts that, in the supplied source, fetal infection refers specifically to human cytomegalovirus reaching the fetus during pregnancy; while the packet discusses fetal/ congenital hCMV infection, it does not explicitly equate the general phrase “fetal infection” with “human cytomegalovirus reaching the fetus during pregnancy” as a direct definitional mapping.; The definition’s first sentence (“Fetal infection is an infection that occurs in the developing fetus before birth”) is not stated or defined in the supplied packet text, so the core meaning is unsupported.; The definition’s listed later developmental problems (hearing, balance, cognitive, and motor difficulties) are only partially supported: the packet mentions sensorineural hearing loss, vestibular impairment, and cognitive/motor developmental delay, but it does not support this exact set as the specific consequences “such as” in a definitional sense.; The opening sentence generalizes beyond the source packet; the packet does not define fetal infection in general terms.; The packet supports a specific sense of fetal infection as congenital human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) infection, not a general definition of any infection occurring in the fetus before birth.; The source supports hearing loss, vestibular impairment, and cognitive/motor developmental delay, but it does not specifically state the broader phrase “balance, cognitive, and motor difficulties” as a general description of fetal infection.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Grijpink Lucia C M; van der Valk Wouter H; van Beelen Edward S A; de Groot John C M J; Locher Heiko; Vossen Ann C T M. Cytomegalovirus host receptor expression in the human fetal inner ear. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0320605; article XML SHA-256 6b4d736e0996561bdc459ec96dc8d3a8d30538d1e5dffea05d13fd12fad6cb9c. “Cytomegalovirus host receptor expression in the human fetal inner ear” (10.1371/journal.pone.0320605).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e5d39afb780040bf40487908452409f05f6cf3779a6e55085313d9dae62e93f3","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320605","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0320605; article XML SHA-256 6b4d736e0996561bdc459ec96dc8d3a8d30538d1e5dffea05d13fd12fad6cb9c","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11957294","source_snapshot_sha256":"6b4d736e0996561bdc459ec96dc8d3a8d30538d1e5dffea05d13fd12fad6cb9c","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320605"}],"status":"dropped","term":"fetal infection"},{"id":"fi","reason":"The claim that it “reflect[s] flexibility-related executive functioning” is an added interpretation not stated in the source text.; The definition says the combined result “reflect[s] flexibility-related executive functioning,” but the packet only states that FI is an index combining the Shift and Emotional Control scales; it does not explicitly describe the construct as “flexibility-related executive functioning.”; The packet supports FI as the Flexibility Index, an index of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Preschool Version that combines the Shift and Emotional Control scales, but it does not support calling it a “score.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Flexibility Index” (C121479).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"bc4a5b1bfcbd7ea87973ed72d714ec3b8d7134bba5ecf919f0d860c0aeadae5f","record_id":"C121479","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"FI"},{"id":"figural-aftereffect","reason":"The definition adds an interpretive Gestalt claim about the whole field that is not stated in the packet.; The definition claims it “has been used in Gestalt psychology to show that perception is influenced by relationships across the whole field,” but the packet only states that it is used to demonstrate that events in one part of the perceptual field may affect perception in another part; it does not mention “relationships across the whole field.”; “relationships across the whole field” is broader than the source, which only says events in one part of the perceptual field may affect perception in another part.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Figural Aftereffect” (D005366).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"e591401294bde7f2a6dc4d12f91bc118153be5dabfa7c1128df07eb26fdfd388","record_id":"D005366","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D005366"}],"status":"dropped","term":"figural aftereffect"},{"id":"finger-tapping-test","reason":"The definition adds broader general-purpose description (“often to assess how fast and consistently the movement can be performed”) that is not stated in the packet as a definition of the test itself.; The definition also attributes bradykinesia features to “reduced movement size,” which is not explicitly stated in the packet; while the packet reports differences in “tapping amplitude” measures, it does not directly characterize these as “reduced movement size.”; The definition claims the test assesses “how fast” movements can be performed and that bradykinesia features include “lower speed,” but the supplied packet describes using finger-tapping to detect bradykinesia via machine-vision features (e.g., “tapping scores,” “tapping amplitude variation,” and “amplitude decremental parameters”) without explicitly stating that the test’s relevant bradykinesia feature is “lower speed.”; The supplied source is about Parkinson’s disease/bradykinesia assessment, not the psychology/counselling field of learning, so the requested field is not defensible from the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Kasemsap Narongrit; Tikkapanyo Purinat; Wanjantuk Panupong; Vorasoot Nisa; Kongbunkiat Kannikar; Panitchote Anupol. Screening for Parkinson’s disease using “computer vision”. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0330373; article XML SHA-256 843f199043db5416086a2ada66de75527092636a38d3179fa7389d17dd11ef4c. “Screening for Parkinson’s disease using “computer vision”” (10.1371/journal.pone.0330373).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7a5228e8eaa9fcb53e3d53fb329bfef78f97d34559b29bcdd5c0219daf875b6c","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0330373","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0330373; article XML SHA-256 843f199043db5416086a2ada66de75527092636a38d3179fa7389d17dd11ef4c","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12342252","source_snapshot_sha256":"843f199043db5416086a2ada66de75527092636a38d3179fa7389d17dd11ef4c","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330373"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Finger Tapping Test"},{"id":"first-episode-schizophrenia","reason":"The packet does not explicitly define “first-episode schizophrenia” as schizophrenia at the time of a person’s initial illness episode; it only uses the shorthand “first episode schizophrenia (FOS)” to label participants in the study without stating the definitional meaning of the term.; The packet supports first-episode schizophrenia as a patient group in the early stage of schizophrenia and as a context for exploring biomarker utility, but it does not define the term as schizophrenia “at the time of a person’s initial illness episode.”; The packet supports the idea of using exosome-related measures as biomarkers for FOS, but the definition’s phrasing (“more objective diagnostic biomarkers may be useful”) is broader/interpretive than what is explicitly stated as a point tied to diagnostic biomarkers for first-episode schizophrenia.; The statement that it “typically aris[es] in adolescence or early adulthood” is a general claim about schizophrenia in the background text, not a supported definition of first-episode schizophrenia in the source.; While the packet states that “SZ often occurs in adolescence and early adulthood” and that finding objective biomarkers is meaningful, it does not link this adolescence/early-adulthood timing specifically to “first-episode schizophrenia.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Du Xinzhe; Lv Jinzhi; Feng Jianping; Li Xinrong; Gao Yao; Wang Xiao; Zhao Wentao; Ren Zhiyong; Zhang Ruifang; Cao Xiaohua; Liu Sha; Xu Yong. Plasma exosomes lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network construction and its diagnostic efficacy identification in first-episode schizophrenia. 2023; DOI 10.1186/s12888-023-05052-9; article XML SHA-256 9d5ba8b12f0803f40b16af31e61a665cf7162f7d2fba0183a2f9855c55148ed8. “Plasma exosomes lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network construction and its diagnostic efficacy identification in first-episode schizophrenia” (10.1186/s12888-023-05052-9).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"fdd4957e12d93a7b53b1398529b8e1c649c3a79fddd4f3421f6d61889954b865","record_id":"10.1186/s12888-023-05052-9","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1186/s12888-023-05052-9; article XML SHA-256 9d5ba8b12f0803f40b16af31e61a665cf7162f7d2fba0183a2f9855c55148ed8","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10441745","source_snapshot_sha256":"9d5ba8b12f0803f40b16af31e61a665cf7162f7d2fba0183a2f9855c55148ed8","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05052-9"}],"status":"dropped","term":"first-episode schizophrenia"},{"id":"first-order-factor","reason":"The definition adds psychometric/general explanatory claims that are broader than the source evidence and are not supported as a definitional sense of the term.; The definition states that a first-order factor model “means the observed ratings are organized into these primary factors without adding a higher-level factor above them.” The packet does not mention or contrast the presence/absence of a higher-level factor (e.g., no description of higher-order factors).; The definition’s framing about explaining “patterns in interview scale scores” is not explicitly stated in the packet (the packet reports a factor structure and model fit, but not this interpretive wording).; The packet does not support the claim that a “first-order factor” is a “directly measured dimension” (no definition of first-order factor is provided).; The packet supports only that a first-order factor model with four correlated factors fit the interview data; it does not define a first-order factor as a directly measured dimension.; The statement that observed ratings are organized into primary factors without a higher-level factor is not established by the packet and goes beyond the cited model description.; While the packet mentions “a first-order factor model with four correlated factors,” it does not provide enough detail to substantiate the additional specific characterization used in the definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Kohl Lea Teresa; Oswald Felix; Thöne Ann-Kathrin; Rausch Jana; Görtz-Dorten Anja; Dose Christina; Hautmann Christopher; Treier Anne-Katrin; von Wirth Elena; Ketter Johanna; Kasperzack Daria; Banaschewski Tobias; Brandeis Daniel; Kaiser Anna; Jans Thomas; Geissler Julia; Legenbauer Tanja; Renner Tobias; Poustka Luise; Konrad Kerstin; Kölch Michael; Bienioschek Stefanie; ESCAlife-consortium; Becker Katja; Döpfner Manfred. Psychometric evaluation of a DSM-5-based semi-structured parent interview for externalizing disorders in preschool children. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0357785; article XML SHA-256 003f4f46da0f218f94a8f835f25ee402093df322fb2de2aae0b266df666447ca. “Psychometric evaluation of a DSM-5-based semi-structured parent interview for externalizing disorders in preschool children” (10.1371/journal.pone.0357785).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"0439ae6a9f7c4dae62396177eac95a91ec51683ea4e5bba16541ecbe6e438ac5","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0357785","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0357785; article XML SHA-256 003f4f46da0f218f94a8f835f25ee402093df322fb2de2aae0b266df666447ca","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13577363","source_snapshot_sha256":"003f4f46da0f218f94a8f835f25ee402093df322fb2de2aae0b266df666447ca","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0357785"}],"status":"dropped","term":"first-order factor"},{"id":"five-factor-personality-model","reason":"The definition overstates the packet by presenting the five-factor personality model as closely aligning with dimensional maladaptive-trait measures as a defining feature, rather than as a contextual alignment shown for specific instruments in this article.; The definition’s phrase “dimensional measures of maladaptive personality traits” is not directly supported as written; the packet discusses “personality pathology” and five pathological domains, but it does not specifically describe these as “maladaptive personality traits” in the same terms.; The packet does not explicitly state that the five-factor personality model is “describing personality in terms of five broad trait dimensions”; it only refers to the “five-factor personality model/FFM” in relation to other measures without clearly defining those five dimensions within the provided text.; The packet supports the five-factor model’s relevance to personality pathology and personality disorder prediction, but it does not explicitly define the model as a way of describing personality in terms of five broad trait dimensions.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Aluja Anton; Balada Ferran; Atitsogbe Kokou A; Rossier Jérôme; García Luis F. Convergence of the dimensional assessment of personality pathology (DAPP-BQ) and the five-factor personality inventory for the international classification of diseases 11th edition (FFiCD) in the context of the five-factor model and personality disorders. 2024; DOI 10.1186/s12888-024-05835-8; article XML SHA-256 117363365b69913e4f1740e33c863c45490918d4d1d86f2575cc26f9ecc380ea. “Convergence of the dimensional assessment of personality pathology (DAPP-BQ) and the five-factor personality inventory for the international classification of diseases 11th edition (FFiCD) in the context of the five-factor model and personality disorders” (10.1186/s12888-024-05835-8).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"4994ff3fff0b48cf93bbfae7894937d449380aa7cf6f83b5ce190e45ad4159bb","record_id":"10.1186/s12888-024-05835-8","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1186/s12888-024-05835-8; article XML SHA-256 117363365b69913e4f1740e33c863c45490918d4d1d86f2575cc26f9ecc380ea","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11110343","source_snapshot_sha256":"117363365b69913e4f1740e33c863c45490918d4d1d86f2575cc26f9ecc380ea","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05835-8"}],"status":"dropped","term":"five-factor personality model"},{"id":"fixation-point","reason":"The packet specifies correspondence to “the stimulation of the centre of the fovea centralis,” and the provided definition’s “central part of the retina used for the sharpest seeing” goes beyond what is explicitly supported in the supplied text.; The packet states that the fixation point is the external point both eyes fixate in normal vision, but it does not explicitly describe the retina region as “used for the sharpest seeing.”; The second sentence adds unsupported material: the source says the fixation point corresponds to stimulation of the centre of the fovea centralis, but it does not state that this is the part of the retina used for the sharpest seeing.; The wording “point in the visual field” and “single external point” are close to the source, but the definition should stay within what the packet explicitly supports without adding interpretive gloss.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Fixation Point” (Fixationp).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"30a4dfa72fe4d3590b9d894a9501128e19ba684170ed64dc91d2f5999682181b","record_id":"Fixationp","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"32b5ee87d3598562354f78726c2f4ada3454898f6293a68f9e0b237ecac64e5f","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/F1defs.htm#Fixationp"}],"status":"dropped","term":"fixation point"},{"id":"fixed-parameter","reason":"The definition is not in a defensible psychology/cognition sense; the packet’s source is a control-engineering article about PID control in agricultural irrigation, not a cognition term or counselling/psychology usage.; The packet does not explicitly define a “fixed parameter” as a general notion of “a setting that stays unchanged during operation rather than being adjusted in real time.” It only describes “static parameters” in PID as a limitation, without giving the requested general one-sentence definition.; The provided packet content is about control engineering (PID/fuzzy PID control for irrigation), not cognition/psychology; the “field” label “cognition” is unsupported by the packet.; The wording about a fixed parameter staying unchanged and limiting adaptation is supported, but the entry imports a technical control-systems meaning rather than a cognition-domain definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zhang Wanjun; Tong Jingsheng; Zhang Feng; Zhang Wanliang; Zhang Jingxuan; Zhang Jingyi; Zhang Jingyan; Sun Honghong; Northwood Derek O.; Waters Kristian E.; Ma Hao. Integrated irrigation of water and fertilizer with superior self-correcting fuzzy PID control system. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0324448; article XML SHA-256 78827ba20823e1569b55f7e8291c35840342c9479aa0d50d5b85e5f0db7a2872. “Integrated irrigation of water and fertilizer with superior self-correcting fuzzy PID control system” (10.1371/journal.pone.0324448).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e0c763f1b81b1cb4d7f964adcd5a7f7e2ef807f2d6aff9436abbfbcf7546213f","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324448","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0324448; article XML SHA-256 78827ba20823e1569b55f7e8291c35840342c9479aa0d50d5b85e5f0db7a2872","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12097580","source_snapshot_sha256":"78827ba20823e1569b55f7e8291c35840342c9479aa0d50d5b85e5f0db7a2872","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324448"}],"status":"dropped","term":"fixed parameter"},{"id":"fmri","reason":"The final sentence adds “in psychology and counselling contexts,” which is not supported by the packet; the packet only says fMRI is most commonly used in studies of brain function.; The packet supports that functional MRI takes images in quick succession and statistically analyzes differences, and that it is most commonly used in studies of brain function. It does not explicitly support the additional claim that in psychology and counselling contexts it is “most often” used for studying brain function.; The rest of the definition is broadly supported, but the added context makes the definition go beyond the supplied source.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging” (C17958).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"358190b660662a6e21c499febfe504f8c7b06c87efe599686fc6da9e2a081705","record_id":"C17958","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"fMRI"},{"id":"follow-up-counseling","reason":"The definition’s first sentence gives a general purpose (“help the person understand and adjust to the information over time”) that is not explicitly supported in the packet text, which only describes that disclosure was often a one-time event lacking post-disclosure follow-up counseling.; The first sentence gives a broad generic definition (“counseling provided after an important disclosure or conversation…”) that is not stated in the source packet.; The packet supports only the HIV-disclosure context: it says there was no focused post-disclosure follow-up counselling after children were told their HIV status, not a general definition of the term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Kairania Robert; Onyango-Ouma Washington; Ondicho Tom G; Kagaayi Joseph; Kigozi Godfrey. ‘Mummy told me that I have HIV , that is the only thing she told me’ : Experiences of HIV status disclosure to children in Masaka Region, Uganda. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0285990; article XML SHA-256 d6cc178d3f9f03301abe0d4e950cbb16d14ed6b818a61a121933ae0912c9ec36. “‘Mummy told me that I have HIV , that is the only thing she told me’ : Experiences of HIV status disclosure to children in Masaka Region, Uganda” (10.1371/journal.pone.0285990).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b611549b25acb3e0095abfb975b3a0c8e8edcb112b9f6adc20cd852c07896f10","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0285990","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0285990; article XML SHA-256 d6cc178d3f9f03301abe0d4e950cbb16d14ed6b818a61a121933ae0912c9ec36","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10208490","source_snapshot_sha256":"d6cc178d3f9f03301abe0d4e950cbb16d14ed6b818a61a121933ae0912c9ec36","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285990"}],"status":"dropped","term":"follow-up counseling"},{"id":"following-behavior","reason":"The definition frames the term as a traffic-driving concept; this is not the requested learning sense of the term.; The definition’s first sentence (“adjusts speed, spacing, and braking while traveling behind another vehicle”) is not explicitly stated in the packet; the packet discusses “car-following behavior” in fog (e.g., reaction time, headway, speed variation, braking force) but does not define it in those exact terms or as a direct description of speed/spacing/braking adjustments.; The supplied packet is about traffic/car-following behavior in foggy highway driving, not the requested psychology/counselling field of learning, so the field and sense are not defensible from the source.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Chen Rui; He Xiaolei. Control strategy for connected automated vehicles to reduce car-following risks and energy consumption on foggy highway. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0326118; article XML SHA-256 05748bbe3ab6de01d0616035a071d378fc2d0bf735c25b7b775596c953ca7e48. “Control strategy for connected automated vehicles to reduce car-following risks and energy consumption on foggy highway” (10.1371/journal.pone.0326118).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b6f59c2f4f9b45725a1580652e1345e7d9997b55762359213b81663aaeb8d86a","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0326118","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0326118; article XML SHA-256 05748bbe3ab6de01d0616035a071d378fc2d0bf735c25b7b775596c953ca7e48","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12225869","source_snapshot_sha256":"05748bbe3ab6de01d0616035a071d378fc2d0bf735c25b7b775596c953ca7e48","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326118"}],"status":"dropped","term":"following behavior"},{"id":"forethought","reason":"The definition’s framing that a “lack of forethought is reflected in impulsive behavior” is not explicitly stated in the packet text; the packet only labels the record as “Impulsive Behavior,” without defining the relationship in the text provided.; The packet supports a notion of acting without forethought (impulsive behavior), not a definition of forethought itself as thinking ahead.; The packet text only describes initiation of actions without forethought (i.e., a lack of forethought) rather than defining forethought itself as “thinking ahead.”; The second sentence adds an inference about how lack of forethought is reflected in impulsive behavior; that relationship is not stated in the packet as a definitional claim for forethought.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Impulsive Behavior” (C93213).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"8b2f798a54d39d69f24a6e4c1282f414e858df1d840f7cb5ae825d6ed0d9d6e2","record_id":"C93213","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"forethought"},{"id":"frontal-section","reason":"The definition adds an unsupported characterization (“rather than a psychological concept”) that is not stated in the packet.; The definition claims the term is “used as an anatomical measurement area rather than a psychological concept,” but the provided packet does not explicitly contrast it with psychological meaning; it only describes anatomical/measurement usage.; The field is not defensible from the source packet: the term is used in an anatomy/dentofacial study, not an ethics or psychology concept.; The phrasing “side facial profile” is looser than the packet’s wording (“lateral profile”), so the sense is only partially supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zheng Xiuyun; Ding Siqi; Mei Qin; Wu Chuan; Zhang Qunyan; Fu Chunfeng; Han Quancheng; Jin Shiyu; Yu Ruiqi; Yu Muchen; Ye Zixian; Shen Jun; Xu Jianguang; Liu Xiaoyu; Wu Tingting. A cross-sectional study: correlation of forehead morphology and dentoskeletal malocclusion in Chinese people. 2024; DOI 10.1186/s12903-023-03795-1; article XML SHA-256 d84df861a18dae41889b9b6e23ac2be43cf41902c40a10c270cc12b2d1454e9e. “A cross-sectional study: correlation of forehead morphology and dentoskeletal malocclusion in Chinese people” (10.1186/s12903-023-03795-1).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7aa56f30e1c1a842b3aec62d1c8b23470b26dac80d682d6e71c59c0b1b9f6894","record_id":"10.1186/s12903-023-03795-1","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1186/s12903-023-03795-1; article XML SHA-256 d84df861a18dae41889b9b6e23ac2be43cf41902c40a10c270cc12b2d1454e9e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10775421","source_snapshot_sha256":"d84df861a18dae41889b9b6e23ac2be43cf41902c40a10c270cc12b2d1454e9e","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03795-1"}],"status":"dropped","term":"frontal section"},{"id":"fun-seeking","reason":"The definition frames the term within the field “diagnosis,” but the packet presents fun-seeking as part of reinforcement sensitivity linked to alcohol misuse outcomes (e.g., risky single-occasion drinking and alcohol use disorder), not as a diagnostic concept or diagnostic criterion.; The definition’s first sentence states that fun-seeking “reflects sensitivity to rewarding, positively reinforcing experiences,” but the packet only describes BAS as including “fun seeking, drive, reward responsiveness” as distinct neurobiological systems, and does not explicitly define fun-seeking in terms of sensitivity to rewarding/positively reinforcing experiences.; The first sentence goes beyond the packet by defining fun-seeking as “sensitivity to rewarding, positively reinforcing experiences”; the source only identifies fun seeking as a BAS facet and does not explicitly define it that way.; The wording “behavioral activation system” and the reward-sensitivity description are generalized from the broader BAS framework rather than specifically supported for fun-seeking in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Studer Joseph; Baggio Stéphanie; Dupuis Marc; Mohler-Kuo Meichun; Daeppen Jean-Bernard; Gmel Gerhard. Drinking Motives As Mediators of the Associations between Reinforcement Sensitivity and Alcohol Misuse and Problems. 2016; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00718; article XML SHA-256 b4b821d956c3b8d1b15a550aa7051563c1ef4f5b8a949ba2e30b4d47223e0c63. “Drinking Motives As Mediators of the Associations between Reinforcement Sensitivity and Alcohol Misuse and Problems” (10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00718).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"729c2c785dae7d163f07723f194b9165bdcbc20d0ff4f6f83891e078566eaf19","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00718","revision":"2016; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00718; article XML SHA-256 b4b821d956c3b8d1b15a550aa7051563c1ef4f5b8a949ba2e30b4d47223e0c63","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc4878201","source_snapshot_sha256":"b4b821d956c3b8d1b15a550aa7051563c1ef4f5b8a949ba2e30b4d47223e0c63","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00718"}],"status":"dropped","term":"fun-seeking"},{"id":"functional-independence-measure","reason":"The definition adds a narrower “commonly used to evaluate bowel-related functioning” claim that is more specific than the packet’s wording and is not directly supported.; The packet states that the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) subscale is “the most common scale used to assess neurogenic bowel disease,” but it does not support that the FIM is used to “gauge how independently a person manages bowel function.”; The packet supports that the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) subscale is used to assess neurogenic bowel dysfunction, but it does not state that this is a bowel-specific subscale or that it measures how independently a person manages bowel function.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zandalasini Matteo; Pelizzari Laura; Ciardi Gianluca; Giraudo Donatella; Guasconi Massimo; Paravati Stefano; Lamberti Gianfranco; Frizziero Antonio. Bowel dysfunctions after acquired brain injury: a scoping review. 2023; DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1146054; article XML SHA-256 db9a622dfb72095ddba7460e543ddadf1c539823fa988d351520752535313baf. “Bowel dysfunctions after acquired brain injury: a scoping review” (10.3389/fnhum.2023.1146054).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2996b2e2edca45fd369152675b343d2ac1b5b53e3c2387844bad911f332306f2","record_id":"10.3389/fnhum.2023.1146054","revision":"2023; DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1146054; article XML SHA-256 db9a622dfb72095ddba7460e543ddadf1c539823fa988d351520752535313baf","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10602674","source_snapshot_sha256":"db9a622dfb72095ddba7460e543ddadf1c539823fa988d351520752535313baf","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2023.1146054"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Functional Independence Measure"},{"id":"functional-plateau","reason":"The definition is about diabetic macular edema, which is a medical/ophthalmology concept, so the requested field \"cognition\" is not defensible from the packet.; The packet supports the idea of “functional plateau” as “poor vision despite resolved edema” in diabetic macular edema, but the definition is not aligned with the supplied field label (“cognition”).; The packet supports the phrase \"functional plateau\" as \"poor vision despite resolved edema,\" but the definition’s broader framing as a general mismatch between anatomical and functional recovery is only indirectly supported in this source and should not be generalized beyond the DME context.; The provided definition describes diabetic macular edema (an ophthalmology/vision concept), not something in the field of cognition as requested.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"You Zichao; Jiang Li; Liu Ying-rui; Yang Ming Ming. Phenotype-driven management of diabetic macular edema: multimodal imaging biomarkers and individualized therapy. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fmed.2026.1859928; article XML SHA-256 b6f299b88887f2c9835903db109cb81a5daf336217a7d3f2a9a5858e557c58af. “Phenotype-driven management of diabetic macular edema: multimodal imaging biomarkers and individualized therapy” (10.3389/fmed.2026.1859928).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c381c677ce5b38968f55d9612ec8609da9dec1091eb7996cf99606cfed11782b","record_id":"10.3389/fmed.2026.1859928","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fmed.2026.1859928; article XML SHA-256 b6f299b88887f2c9835903db109cb81a5daf336217a7d3f2a9a5858e557c58af","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13337391","source_snapshot_sha256":"b6f299b88887f2c9835903db109cb81a5daf336217a7d3f2a9a5858e557c58af","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1859928"}],"status":"dropped","term":"functional plateau"},{"id":"gain-score","reason":"Because the definition’s explanation of gain scores as a change-over-time measure is not explicitly supported by the provided packet, the definition contains an unsupported substantive claim.; The packet only shows that ‘gain score analyses’ were used to test between-group improvement differences; it does not define a gain score as a general measure of change over time or as a before/after score difference.; The packet states that “Gain score analyses” showed differences between the groups, but it does not define what a “gain score” is (e.g., that it measures how much a person’s score changes over time from before to after).; The phrasing ‘in this context’ and the implied explanation of how gain scores work go beyond the packet’s evidence and add unsupported generalization.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Plotnikova Valeriya; Veraksa Aleksandr; Sukhikh Vera. Group play as a buffer against stress in preschoolers: reductions in externalizing but not internalizing symptoms. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1874167; article XML SHA-256 51c24c141f1c1c25ed377269b7b427deee5bdd5e608513c656d806be119bc474. “Group play as a buffer against stress in preschoolers: reductions in externalizing but not internalizing symptoms” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1874167).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"fd912b8f05e249a77f31c2dfdaf1153c506c73b9d64fd9487745b0395d216855","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1874167","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1874167; article XML SHA-256 51c24c141f1c1c25ed377269b7b427deee5bdd5e608513c656d806be119bc474","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13345853","source_snapshot_sha256":"51c24c141f1c1c25ed377269b7b427deee5bdd5e608513c656d806be119bc474","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1874167"}],"status":"dropped","term":"gain score"},{"id":"general-aptitude","reason":"The claim that, in this packet, it “refers to the mix of abilities assessed in an admission test” is only indirectly supported: the packet discusses a “Post-Graduate General Aptitude Test (PGAT)” with subtests (verbal, quantitative, logical) and DIF for “PGAT items,” but it does not explicitly define “general aptitude” as that mix.; The definition adds a general psychometric gloss (“overall capacity”) that is not stated in the packet and is broader than the source evidence.; The packet does not provide a definition of “general aptitude” as an “overall capacity to perform across broad ability areas” (that phrasing is not supported in the supplied text).; The packet supports that PGAT/general aptitude testing includes verbal, quantitative, and logical ability areas, but it does not explicitly define “general aptitude” as a person’s overall capacity across broad ability areas rather than a single skill.; The provided definition’s wording includes interpretation (“rather than in one specific skill”) that is not stated in the packet.; The source supports an admission-test context, but not a full dictionary-level definition of the term’s meaning beyond the specific PGAT usage described here.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Darandari Eqbal Z; Almeri Muna A. Performance differences with and without differential item functioning in the post graduate admission test in Saudi Arabia based on gender and ability level. 2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1515316; article XML SHA-256 24bf809d626131d9355d73f8d89d2db14924c1c0980a09f0a13f7b8ad537b599. “Performance differences with and without differential item functioning in the post graduate admission test in Saudi Arabia based on gender and ability level” (10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1515316).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a370a8ed67d74bb9b5f09dbe37eb6b175aea8066781eb571afb650ad5df442b2","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1515316","revision":"2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1515316; article XML SHA-256 24bf809d626131d9355d73f8d89d2db14924c1c0980a09f0a13f7b8ad537b599","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12592958","source_snapshot_sha256":"24bf809d626131d9355d73f8d89d2db14924c1c0980a09f0a13f7b8ad537b599","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1515316"}],"status":"dropped","term":"general aptitude"},{"id":"generalized-linear-model","reason":"The definition generalizes beyond the packet by presenting a broad encyclopedic description of generalized linear models rather than limiting the sense to the outbreak-detection context described in the source.; The definition’s first sentence claims that a generalized linear model (GLM) is “a family of statistical methods … to analyze data and estimate expected values.” The packet discusses outbreak detection algorithms and expected vs. observed values, and it mentions “GLM-based methods” in that context, but it does not explicitly define GLMs themselves as “a family of statistical methods” whose purpose is to “estimate expected values.”; The field assignment \"cognition\" is not supported by the packet, which is about statistical methods for public health surveillance and outbreak detection.; The second sentence’s claim that, in surveillance/outbreak detection algorithms, GLM-based methods “compare expected and observed case counts” is broadly consistent with the packet’s description that outbreak detection algorithms identify intervals where observed counts exceed expected values using statistical tests; however, tying this specifically to “outbreak detection algorithms” within the GLM framework is not clearly stated as a direct definitional property of GLMs in the packet (it is presented as a study topic/context rather than as an explicit definition).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zareie Bushra; Poorolajal Jalal; Roshani Amin; Karami Manoochehr. Outbreak detection algorithms based on generalized linear model: a review with new practical examples. 2023; DOI 10.1186/s12874-023-02050-z; article XML SHA-256 a613a4957f5fe6488765e93b738b83305a66a0e1ed1cf1dd09332cda767e64f7. “Outbreak detection algorithms based on generalized linear model: a review with new practical examples” (10.1186/s12874-023-02050-z).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"58c45611fa7b312dcd48f326f2eeb54389598e267c88a459d65f079bc77a212d","record_id":"10.1186/s12874-023-02050-z","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1186/s12874-023-02050-z; article XML SHA-256 a613a4957f5fe6488765e93b738b83305a66a0e1ed1cf1dd09332cda767e64f7","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10576884","source_snapshot_sha256":"a613a4957f5fe6488765e93b738b83305a66a0e1ed1cf1dd09332cda767e64f7","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-023-02050-z"}],"status":"dropped","term":"generalized linear model"},{"id":"geropsychology","reason":"The definition states that geropsychology is “a branch of psychology,” but the packet describes it as a specialization of a psychologist (\"A psychologist who specializes in geropsychology\") and does not explicitly characterize it as a “branch.”; The packet text is about a psychologist who specializes in geropsychology, not a definition of geropsychology itself, so the entry appears to use the wrong sense/part of speech.; The phrase “branch of psychology” is not stated in the source and is not directly supported by the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Adult Development and Aging Psychologist” (C204366).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"4e3b5ea9fa0888dc3bc83961ca4efb8d82b7c7b8cf21872bfbe4effb3f2f5018","record_id":"C204366","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"geropsychology"},{"id":"gesture","reason":"The definition should stay within the packet’s wording and sense; it reads broader than the supported CTCAE finding.; The packet supports a suicide attempt or gesture without intent to die, but it does not support the added generalization to “self-harming act.”; The packet text supports “suicide attempt or gesture without intent to die,” but it does not explicitly mention “self-harming” acts; the definition adds “self-harming” beyond the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Grade 3 Suicide Attempt, CTCAE” (C145649).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"6b96f37178b7f9aee821246476d3b23eec15c14e49ccbf20d8dfd7e984bd367a","record_id":"C145649","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"gesture"},{"id":"girdle-sensation","reason":"The definition claims it is “mentioned as an early symptom.” The packet places “a girdle sensation” in the description of how the disease “breaks out suddenly” and then later “patients on awaking,” but it does not explicitly label “girdle sensation” as an early symptom within that timeline.; The packet does not explicitly define “girdle sensation” as “tightness or pain encircling the body like a belt.” It only lists “a girdle sensation” alongside other symptoms (“pains in the lumbar region”), without further wording that matches “encircling…like a belt.”; The source only lists “a girdle sensation” among symptoms of lathyrism; it does not explicitly define the term as a belt-like feeling of tightness or pain encircling the body.; “Early symptom” is not stated in the passage for girdle sensation specifically, so that timing claim is an interpretation rather than directly supported wording.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-42000-54000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"855a511ce0c98ebe59995822f3892c6352554e4fda1c753f90f4d515641d0554","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-42000-54000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"33038e8e84860e0b9fb5c5a641f89b23a9a7cf4e7757d4aac532fb6af44cee85","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"girdle sensation"},{"id":"goal-stimulus","reason":"The definition adds an unsupported equivalence between a “goal stimulus” and information or a location that matches a task goal; the packet only says that goals influence priority maps and selection, not that this is the definition of this term.; The packet does not define or introduce the specific term “goal stimulus,” nor does it state that a “goal stimulus” is an information item or location matching a person’s task goal.; The packet supports goal-driven selection and current goals guiding attention, but it does not define or use the term “goal stimulus” as a distinct concept.; The remainder of the definition (“goal-driven processing” operating alongside stimulus-driven and history-driven influences in deciding what to focus on) is broadly consistent with the packet’s discussion, but because the core definitional sentence is not supported, the definition as a whole cannot be accepted.; The statement that goal-, stimulus-, and history-driven influences are the three parallel processes is broadly supported, but the wording “given higher priority for selection” is an interpretation that is not stated as a definition in the packet.; While the packet discusses goal-driven processes and goal-related attentional priority within spatial priority maps, it does not explicitly support the definition’s claim that the matching information/location should be “given higher priority for selection” specifically under the label “goal stimulus.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Koevoet Damian; Van Moorselaar Dirk; Awh Edward; Van der Stigchel Stefan. Past and present goals are represented concurrently during visual search. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003779; article XML SHA-256 bbd490ed9d6593fce26edf261df31e49fa642146ff6d508b4a38756aed791bfa. “Past and present goals are represented concurrently during visual search” (10.1371/journal.pbio.3003779).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"738ffd850f753b534faad5bda7283f4f40f5d5893228e5fc69d0ae14a2f34529","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pbio.3003779","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.3003779; article XML SHA-256 bbd490ed9d6593fce26edf261df31e49fa642146ff6d508b4a38756aed791bfa","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13155657","source_snapshot_sha256":"bbd490ed9d6593fce26edf261df31e49fa642146ff6d508b4a38756aed791bfa","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003779"}],"status":"dropped","term":"goal stimulus"},{"id":"gratification","reason":"The definition is partly circular because it uses the term’s own family of wording (“gratification”) instead of staying grounded in the supplied source phrasing.; The definition’s wording “outward signs of pleasure or satisfaction” is not supported by the packet text, which instead describes “outward manifestations of gratification,” without mentioning “pleasure or satisfaction.”; The packet characterizes gratification as a “Highly pleasant emotion” (happiness-related), whereas the provided field is “cognition,” which is not substantiated by the packet content.; The packet supports “highly pleasant emotion” and outward manifestation, but it does not support the added gloss “of pleasure or satisfaction.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Happiness” (D006240).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"20fb8c033cbe93c01e38413f97df186a2c1b8d66a28bf4689e3fa8b034a1e263","record_id":"D006240","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D006240"}],"status":"dropped","term":"gratification"},{"id":"great-man-theory","reason":"The packet contrasts Great man theory with environment-based accounts, but it does not clearly support the broader explanatory wording that major events are understood chiefly by exceptional individuals rather than broader social or environmental forces.; The packet does not explicitly contrast the Great Man theory with “broader social or environmental forces,” nor does it describe major events as chiefly explained by what exceptional individuals do rather than other forces.; The packet supports Great man theory as an individualistic interpretation of history, but it does not directly support the stronger claim that it explains historical change mainly through “outstanding persons or geniuses.”; The packet supports only that “Great Man theory” is an “Individualistic (Lehmann)” interpretation within a classification of theories of history, but it does not state the definition’s claims that it explains historical change mainly through “outstanding persons or geniuses.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “History (philosophy of)” (Historyp).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"226594b5221726e641affd9d65a506fdf375caf9ec7134fe35da75a9bbf541ed","record_id":"Historyp","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"b9d737828ef8fdf4ddcc4881a8a5360cec15035e52527aed13e826c79ab4f5d4","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/H3defs.htm#Historyp"}],"status":"dropped","term":"great man theory"},{"id":"guidance-program","reason":"The definition’s general description (“structured set of educational and support activities… increase people’s knowledge, awareness, and follow-through on a recommended behavior”) is not directly supported by the provided packet text; the packet describes a pharmacist-led nutritional guidance intervention and measures of knowledge/awareness/implementation, but does not support the specific general formulation or the “follow-through” framing.; The definition’s generic gloss (“structured set of educational and support activities used to increase people’s knowledge, awareness, and follow-through on a recommended behavior”) is broader than the packet supports; the source only describes a dietary potassium restriction guidance program in community pharmacies and does not define the term that way.; The packet supports a pharmacist-led nutritional guidance intervention for CKD outpatients, not a general development-psychology sense of “guidance program.”; The second sentence adds unsupported specifics: it says the guidance was individualized and aimed to help outpatients with chronic kidney disease follow potassium restriction more effectively, but the packet does not explicitly state an individualized program or that this is the term’s fixed meaning.; The second sentence is largely supported (individualized dietary guidance from community pharmacists to outpatients with CKD to improve potassium restriction knowledge/implementation), but because the first sentence contains unsupported generalizations, the overall definition fails the evidence requirement.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Asai Yuki; Muramatsu Asami; Kobayashi Tatsuya; Takasaki Ikuhiro; Murasaka Toshiki; Izukawa Ai; Miyada Kahori; Okazaki Takahiro; Yanagawa Tatsuki; Abe Yasuharu; Takai Yasushi; Iwamoto Takuya. A multicentral prospective cohort trial of a pharmacist-led nutritional intervention on serum potassium levels in outpatients with chronic kidney disease: The MieYaku-Chronic Kidney Disease project. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0304479; article XML SHA-256 1f9d65fdea1e18263dbf569785bf661e5d0863850d7fe8a025d22c8b3e506593. “A multicentral prospective cohort trial of a pharmacist-led nutritional intervention on serum potassium levels in outpatients with chronic kidney disease: The MieYaku-Chronic Kidney Disease project” (10.1371/journal.pone.0304479).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"16a3df20b1bc64b24a0dfeaa92e05d1d437c7ad62c827992599f41448ecff781","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0304479","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0304479; article XML SHA-256 1f9d65fdea1e18263dbf569785bf661e5d0863850d7fe8a025d22c8b3e506593","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11142692","source_snapshot_sha256":"1f9d65fdea1e18263dbf569785bf661e5d0863850d7fe8a025d22c8b3e506593","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304479"}],"status":"dropped","term":"guidance program"},{"id":"gustometer","reason":"The definition claims “help record gustatory event-related brain responses reliably.” The packet supports that the study validated the gustometer’s “functionality and reliability” and that it evoked reliable GERP waveforms, but “help record” is not phrased as the packet’s direct claim (it introduces and uses the gustometer to record GERPs).; The definition slightly overgeneralizes by describing the gustometer as a general tool for clinicians to measure taste responses; the packet supports its use for recording GERP waveforms and its potential clinical and research applications, but not that broad role as stated.; The definition states the device is “used to deliver controlled taste stimuli so researchers or clinicians can measure taste responses.” The packet supports delivery of tastants (e.g., distilled water; sodium chloride solutions) and recording reliable GERP waveforms, but it does not explicitly describe “controlled taste stimuli” or measuring “taste responses” as a stated purpose for researchers/clinicians in general terms.; The requested field is not defensible from the packet: this is a neuroscience/gustatory electrophysiology device, not a social psychology term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Chen Zhongyan; Zhou Xiaolin; Li Chunjing; Liu Jianfeng. Advanced gustometer design for reliable recording of gustatory event-related potentials in healthy young adults. 2025; DOI 10.3389/fnins.2025.1534296; article XML SHA-256 e06f961b2249d76cef75cee8e259eda6cfd84c6b9626aae7a79aec91562d3b6d. “Advanced gustometer design for reliable recording of gustatory event-related potentials in healthy young adults” (10.3389/fnins.2025.1534296).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e1ee8d5aa31564337731729ad0c6ceb0ebce1818933394b32e8071de8b4c715b","record_id":"10.3389/fnins.2025.1534296","revision":"2025; DOI 10.3389/fnins.2025.1534296; article XML SHA-256 e06f961b2249d76cef75cee8e259eda6cfd84c6b9626aae7a79aec91562d3b6d","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11979289","source_snapshot_sha256":"e06f961b2249d76cef75cee8e259eda6cfd84c6b9626aae7a79aec91562d3b6d","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1534296"}],"status":"dropped","term":"gustometer"},{"id":"gyno","reason":"The definition’s wording is broader than the packet’s support: the packet supports gynoecy/gynoecious as female individuals or female-flowering plants in a dioecious population, but not a general definition of the prefix itself as the “female side of sex expression.”; The packet does not support the phrasing “female side of sex expression” as a general meaning of the prefix “gyno-.” It instead supports specific usage: “gynoecy” is described as representing female individuals/trees or female flower types within dioecious/sex-expression categories in Diospyros.; The packet is about plant sexual systems in persimmon, not cognition, so the requested field/sense is not supported.; The provided definition’s content is about plant sexual systems (dioecy/gynoecy in flowering plants), but the requested field is “cognition,” and the packet does not support any psychology/cognition framing for “gyno-.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Sun Peng; Nishiyama Soichiro; Li Huawei; Mai Yini; Han Weijuan; Suo Yujing; Liang Chengzhi; Du Huilong; Diao Songfeng; Wang Yiru; Yuan Jiaying; Zhang Yue; Tao Ryutaro; Li Fangdong; Fu Jianmin. Genetic insights into the dissolution of dioecy in diploid persimmon Diospyros oleifera Cheng. 2023; DOI 10.1186/s12870-023-04610-3; article XML SHA-256 391b42d74afb2fab486bbfb37e406062629cd512cc07bd3200d76a91e04eed57. “Genetic insights into the dissolution of dioecy in diploid persimmon Diospyros oleifera Cheng” (10.1186/s12870-023-04610-3).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"92f1beeeaa114276887101c82b69bb30fcbdd985248b7ccbd7e6ce16d641ae60","record_id":"10.1186/s12870-023-04610-3","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1186/s12870-023-04610-3; article XML SHA-256 391b42d74afb2fab486bbfb37e406062629cd512cc07bd3200d76a91e04eed57","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10688080","source_snapshot_sha256":"391b42d74afb2fab486bbfb37e406062629cd512cc07bd3200d76a91e04eed57","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-023-04610-3"}],"status":"dropped","term":"gyno-"},{"id":"haloperidol","reason":"\"Severe nausea\" is not supported by the packet; the packet says haloperidol is a potent antiemetic and is used for intractable hiccups, but it does not specify severe nausea.; \"Some movement-related conditions\" is an unsupported generalization beyond the packet’s named uses (ballism and the chorea of Huntington disease).; The definition is for a medication (haloperidol) and describes indications/treatment uses rather than providing a term definition in the “diagnosis” field (the term is not itself a diagnostic category).; The packet does not specify “persistent” hiccups (it states it is used for “intractable HICCUPS,” which is not the same wording/sense as “persistent”).; The packet does not specify “severe nausea” (it only states it is a “potent antiemetic”).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Haloperidol” (D006220).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"6ed592fd451d8c76cbf400de12feb61e657855bc3022a78df5727e00ebae6ba3","record_id":"D006220","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D006220"}],"status":"dropped","term":"haloperidol"},{"id":"happy-puppet-syndrome","reason":"The definition states that “Happy-puppet syndrome” is an older name for Angelman syndrome, but the packet does not explicitly state that it is an older name or synonym; it only presents a syndrome described under an “Angelman Syndrome” source label.; The definition’s “developmental slowing” is not stated in the packet; the packet specifies “motor retardation,” but does not use the phrase or concept of developmental slowing.; The packet supports Angelman syndrome and the listed clinical features, but it does not explicitly support the claim that “happy-puppet syndrome” is an older name for Angelman syndrome.; “Developmental slowing” is not stated in the packet; the packet gives “motor retardation” and related movement findings instead.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Angelman Syndrome” (D017204).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"046cae44edd4d10b6378cc8efa57a318ed261978b24076ca3511f0550b5d00e9","record_id":"D017204","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D017204"}],"status":"dropped","term":"happy-puppet syndrome"},{"id":"head-related-transfer-function","reason":"The definition adds an unsupported generalization by presenting HRTF as a named spatial hearing cue; the packet only says sounds were filtered with an anechoic HRTF to be perceived as externalized.; The packet describes using an anechoic head-related transfer function (HRTF) (and BRIR) to filter sounds so participants perceive them as internalized vs externalized, but it does not explicitly define HRTF as “an acoustic filter.”; The packet refers to “acoustic cues that distinguish” inside vs outside the head and to “spatialization” in the context of internal vs external origin, but it does not support the specific framing that HRTF “represents one of the spatial hearing cues used to simulate sound externalization.”; The requested field is not defensible: the packet is about auditory processing in schizophrenia, but head-related transfer function is not a diagnosis term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Fivel Laure; Lavandier Mathieu; Grimault Nicolas; Perrin Fabien; Mondino Marine; Haesebaert Frédéric. Is it inside my head? Characterization of sound externalization in schizophrenia. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0345074; article XML SHA-256 f94c4c6040cf5912f8a535b4f49322e46db167b4babb7c3d5d438deb31f2e1ff. “Is it inside my head? Characterization of sound externalization in schizophrenia” (10.1371/journal.pone.0345074).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7e64eb50470d1b16bab55e80014f5bf47de3a07f8c1cac913ed33dea145d9467","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0345074","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0345074; article XML SHA-256 f94c4c6040cf5912f8a535b4f49322e46db167b4babb7c3d5d438deb31f2e1ff","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12991231","source_snapshot_sha256":"f94c4c6040cf5912f8a535b4f49322e46db167b4babb7c3d5d438deb31f2e1ff","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0345074"}],"status":"dropped","term":"head-related transfer function"},{"id":"health-care-proxy","reason":"The field is not well supported as cognition; the source concerns end-of-life planning and caregiving, not a cognitive concept definition.; The packet does not define a health care proxy as an advance care planning arrangement or say that it names someone to represent a patient’s wishes; it only mentions “a living will or a health care proxy/durable power of attorney” as something patients may have.; The packet only mentions “a living will or a health care proxy/durable power of attorney” as types of advanced care planning preferences/plans; it does not explicitly state that “in this source, it is grouped with a durable power of attorney as part of planning for future care,” beyond that single combined phrase in reporting associations.; The packet supports that caregivers may “represent patients’ wishes and make medical decisions on their behalf” near the end of life, but it does not define a “health care proxy” as an advance care planning arrangement that “names someone” to represent a patient’s wishes.; The statement that the proxy is used to make medical decisions on the patient’s behalf is not directly supported as a definition of the term in the packet; the passage only says caregivers may represent patients’ wishes and make medical decisions as death approaches.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Kurita Keiko; Lachs Mark S; Adelman Ronald D; Siegler Eugenia L; Reid M Cary; Prigerson Holly G. Mild cognitive dysfunction of caregivers and its association with care recipients’ end-of-life plans and preferences. 2018; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0196147; article XML SHA-256 b15abd24ff83c1c55e762dc95cf7a60834642f472afe38f22735e12099f31479. “Mild cognitive dysfunction of caregivers and its association with care recipients’ end-of-life plans and preferences” (10.1371/journal.pone.0196147).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f3e5d19b6d979f74fff1a99a659725503621f595879fb4b53a58882b20e010a2","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0196147","revision":"2018; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0196147; article XML SHA-256 b15abd24ff83c1c55e762dc95cf7a60834642f472afe38f22735e12099f31479","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc5927428","source_snapshot_sha256":"b15abd24ff83c1c55e762dc95cf7a60834642f472afe38f22735e12099f31479","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196147"}],"status":"dropped","term":"health care proxy"},{"id":"helping-relationship","reason":"The definition claims the relationship is “built around the caregiver’s lived experience and psychological needs,” but the packet supports centering on caregivers’ “lived experience” and psychological well-being; it does not explicitly support the phrasing “psychological needs.”; The definition frames this term under the field “diagnosis,” but the packet presents it as part of a qualitative study of a brief intervention/therapeutic relationship for informal caregivers (not a diagnosis).; The definition slightly overgeneralizes by framing the relationship as broadly between a practitioner and a caregiver; the packet specifically describes an informal caregiver–practitioner relationship within the Ensemble program.; The packet supports the listed relational qualities and outcomes, but the definition should not present them as a general dictionary sense outside this specific intervention context.; The supplied field is incorrect: the packet discusses a therapeutic relationship in a brief intervention for informal caregivers, not a diagnostic concept.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Wilquin Hélène; Plessis Léa; Bourgade Elora; Rexhaj Shyhrete. Fostering therapeutic relationships in brief interventions: an exploratory qualitative study of the Ensemble program for informal caregivers of adults with psychiatric disorders. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1706122; article XML SHA-256 e60865a1a0da3e861dd611532999e68d1c80b32f7a04b3c9836f3183db18cac3. “Fostering therapeutic relationships in brief interventions: an exploratory qualitative study of the Ensemble program for informal caregivers of adults with psychiatric disorders” (10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1706122).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7bcdbdb7cbd2cac7eac4fa2d183fb2b02615678f83dead5df2ada2cb9d990020","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1706122","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1706122; article XML SHA-256 e60865a1a0da3e861dd611532999e68d1c80b32f7a04b3c9836f3183db18cac3","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12999909","source_snapshot_sha256":"e60865a1a0da3e861dd611532999e68d1c80b32f7a04b3c9836f3183db18cac3","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1706122"}],"status":"dropped","term":"helping relationship"},{"id":"hemicrania","reason":"Because “nausea” is unsupported by the provided source packet, the definition contains at least one substantive claim not supported for the requested term/sense.; The packet does not explicitly mention “nausea”; it mentions “vaso-motor and digestive disturbances, and vomiting.”; The packet supports hemicrania as an older term for migraine and a one-sided severe headache, but it does not specifically support adding nausea as a symptom; it mentions digestive disturbances and vomiting, not nausea.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Migraine or Megrim” (Migraine).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"10070c264930a4fd5c2618615fe78199a47483b334db668cb51c40889071bb5a","record_id":"Migraine","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f299432e3bd9ede79ecae1c1e081133d27751e0177ca8a087833c784bf1a2f5e","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/M3defs.htm#Migraine"}],"status":"dropped","term":"hemicrania"},{"id":"heroin","reason":"The packet describes heroin as a “narcotic analgesic” that “may be habit-forming” and an “opium derivative” controlled substance; the definition’s framing as “pain-relieving” is only indirectly supported by “analgesic,” and the definition adds claims not present in the packet.; The packet does not state or support that, specifically in “psychology and learning contexts,” heroin is discussed as a controlled substance tied to “substance use and dependence-related behavior.” That psychology/learning-specific claim is not present in the supplied text.; The second sentence adds unsupported context (“In psychology and learning contexts”) that is not stated in the packet.; The second sentence also adds unsupported content about “substance use and dependence-related behavior”; the packet only says heroin is a controlled substance and may be habit-forming.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Heroin” (D003932).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"48efe79132ab53ade295f118700c01978ba7876e2c63c899ea0f17f4edb0e81b","record_id":"D003932","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D003932"}],"status":"dropped","term":"heroin"},{"id":"hippotherapy","reason":"The definition’s framing “In psychology and counselling contexts” is not supported by the packet text, which does not specify psychology/counselling contexts.; The packet supports hippotherapy as therapy assisted by a horse and/or its movement, but it does not support the added claim that hippotherapy in psychology and counselling contexts can include equine-assisted psychotherapy and therapeutic horseback riding.; The source is a broader descriptor for equine-assisted therapy; the definition blurs that broader category with the specific term hippotherapy without support.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Equine-Assisted Therapy” (D056147).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"70aa86f7f998d50bda3e7726c6ab3f293db3115501192f6919ce8d4425412966","record_id":"D056147","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D056147"}],"status":"dropped","term":"hippotherapy"},{"id":"hooper-visual-organization-test","reason":"The definition adds a generalized purpose statement (“assess visuospatial abilities by helping identify brain areas involved in visuospatial processing”) that is only partially supported; the packet supports mapping cortical areas involved in the visuospatial network in this study, not a broader test description.; The provided definition is about a neuroimaging/neurosurgical assessment tool and surgical planning for visuospatial abilities, but it does not contain any ethics-related content (e.g., consent, risk–benefit ethics, ethical approval, patient protections) to match the requested field “ethics.”; The supplied field is \"ethics,\" but the packet supports a neuropsychological test used in preoperative visuospatial mapping, not an ethics term or ethics sense.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Raffa Giovanni; Quattropani Maria Catena; Marzano Giuseppina; Curcio Antonello; Rizzo Vincenzo; Sebestyén Gabriella; Tamás Viktória; Büki András; Germanò Antonino. Mapping and Preserving the Visuospatial Network by repetitive nTMS and DTI Tractography in Patients With Right Parietal Lobe Tumors. 2021; DOI 10.3389/fonc.2021.677172; article XML SHA-256 8b74d7ae7492543b154c246c652a0a1f1038fe715d96922a825a89ef48c8499a. “Mapping and Preserving the Visuospatial Network by repetitive nTMS and DTI Tractography in Patients With Right Parietal Lobe Tumors” (10.3389/fonc.2021.677172).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"0601697978da97924e59ed4d01371093d02aba5a2d3c1df06cef9e37848a29db","record_id":"10.3389/fonc.2021.677172","revision":"2021; DOI 10.3389/fonc.2021.677172; article XML SHA-256 8b74d7ae7492543b154c246c652a0a1f1038fe715d96922a825a89ef48c8499a","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc8268025","source_snapshot_sha256":"8b74d7ae7492543b154c246c652a0a1f1038fe715d96922a825a89ef48c8499a","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.677172"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Hooper Visual Organization Test"},{"id":"hopkins-verbal-learning-test","reason":"Because the first sentence contains a substantive characterization (“verbal learning measure”) not directly supported verbatim in the packet, the definition is not fully defensible from the supplied source.; The definition compresses the source into a general test description, but the packet supports a specific composite-score variable with 48 possible words, so the sense is slightly off.; The packet does not explicitly describe the test as a “verbal learning measure”; it only states it is a “key variable for composite score” defined as total words correctly recalled over Trials 1–4 out of 48 possible.; The packet supports the revised HD-CAB key variable, not the broader unqualified Hopkins Verbal Learning Test as stated in the definition.; “Verbal learning measure” is not explicitly supported by the packet; the packet only describes a key variable for composite score based on words recalled across Trials 1–4.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “HD-CAB - Hopkins Verbal Learning Test Revised” (C166335).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"4103c0b5100bfdac5b9886939eb4a3a61dcb99654dedceee9e30182b105dd0ab","record_id":"C166335","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Hopkins Verbal Learning Test"},{"id":"horizontal-section","reason":"Because the definition relies on those unsupported anatomical/functional descriptions, the requested sense is not fully defensible from the provided packet text.; The definition presents a broader anatomical/functional description of “horizontal section” that is not given in the source passage and is therefore unsupported by the packet.; The packet explicitly states “Diagram of a horizontal section of the left eye, drawn to scale,” but it does not support the additional claim that a horizontal section is “a view or cut made through the eye along a horizontal plane” or that it is “used to show its internal parts in profile.”; The packet supports only that this is a diagram of a horizontal section of the left eye, drawn to scale; it does not support the added claim that such a section is used to show internal parts in profile.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-4357500-4369500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"42b73d601231662095ff01989e892535d5c0bb5ebb388f25976f62440e06e51e","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-4357500-4369500","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"horizontal section"},{"id":"hpa-axis","reason":"Because the packet context is about bupropion and includes only a brief mention of “normalize hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning,” the definition’s broader, general description is unsupported.; The packet context is about bupropion and cancer-related fatigue; the definition should avoid presenting the HPA axis as a standalone clinical description beyond what the source text supports.; The packet only states that HPA axis functioning may be dysregulated in certain cases of cancer-related fatigue; the definition’s opening statement about what the HPA axis is in general is not supported by the packet.; The packet supports the full form “hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis,” but it does not explicitly support the added explanation that it is “a biological system linking the hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands.”; The packet text provided does not define the HPA axis as specifically linking the hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands; that substantive structural description is not supported by the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Immediate-release Bupropion” (C165676).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f49d690ec6a884904ed3d1381416db3ef644d454b5271ec7ad70b61bf41453d4","record_id":"C165676","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"HPA axis"},{"id":"humility","reason":"The definition claims humility is “less tied to comparison with other people than modesty,” but the packet only says it has “less reference to other persons” than modesty; “comparison” is not explicitly supported.; The definition includes “low in worth” (in addition to “character, or achievement”); the packet specifies “rank oneself low in character and achievements,” but does not use the term “worth.”; The definition should stay closer to the historical wording; the source does not frame humility as low self-worth in general.; “worth” is not supported by the source text, which says only that humility is a disposition to rank oneself low in character and achievements.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Humility” (Humility).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"b20f2abb460d0aa1bf7d5977dc13aae552d3849e97b541a07a56d916e299e832","record_id":"Humility","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"b9d737828ef8fdf4ddcc4881a8a5360cec15035e52527aed13e826c79ab4f5d4","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/H3defs.htm#Humility"}],"status":"dropped","term":"humility"},{"id":"hyperthyroidism","reason":"The definition is otherwise supported by the packet, but the field mismatch is enough to reject under the requested scope.; The term defines an endocrine/medical condition (excess thyroid hormone) and does not reference any mental-health or psychology-specific meaning; therefore it is not clearly defensible as a “mental health” dictionary entry based on the provided packet.; The term is a medical/endocrine disorder, not a mental health concept, so the requested field is not defensible from the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Hyperthyroidism, CTCAE” (C143560).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c34d00b3dc74b59fad786ff05ac8bce15981d98e25c973a234cd40ae099fb49a","record_id":"C143560","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"hyperthyroidism"},{"id":"hypnotizability","reason":"The clause about greater pain relief during hypnosis is only supported in the specific study context of highly hypnotizable participants and should not be presented as a general definition.; The definition’s first sentence (“a person’s tendency to respond to hypnosis, including how strongly hypnosis can change experience or behavior”) is not explicitly defined in the provided packet; the packet discusses “highly hypnotizable participants” and effects observed during hypnosis but does not supply the requested general definition wording or an explicit description of hypnotizability as a tendency/degree to respond.; The packet supports hypnotizability as a study variable related to response to hypnosis, but it does not define it broadly as a person’s general tendency to respond to hypnosis or as how strongly hypnosis changes experience or behavior.; The second sentence (“In this context, people with higher hypnotizability showed greater pain relief during hypnosis.”) is only partially supported: the packet states that in “highly hypnotizable participants” placebo treatment produced significant reductions “in both waking and hypnosis condition,” but it does not clearly establish that higher hypnotizability *specifically during hypnosis* produced greater pain relief relative to lower hypnotizability (the text provided does not provide that comparative effect statement).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"De Pascalis Vilfredo; Scacchia Paolo. Hypnotizability and Placebo Analgesia in Waking and Hypnosis as Modulators of Auditory Startle Responses in Healthy Women: An ERP Study. 2016; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159135; article XML SHA-256 de039e83e1aa5a1359989528de7d93336beae28fcf4538bc505d92a91ee6ef49. “Hypnotizability and Placebo Analgesia in Waking and Hypnosis as Modulators of Auditory Startle Responses in Healthy Women: An ERP Study” (10.1371/journal.pone.0159135).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"fef8ca70623cbda322384a817b125c8bd57d258aee5fce421bbfbfc5f7885e27","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0159135","revision":"2016; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159135; article XML SHA-256 de039e83e1aa5a1359989528de7d93336beae28fcf4538bc505d92a91ee6ef49","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc4972439","source_snapshot_sha256":"de039e83e1aa5a1359989528de7d93336beae28fcf4538bc505d92a91ee6ef49","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159135"}],"status":"dropped","term":"hypnotizability"},{"id":"hypothalamic-syndrome","reason":"The packet does not define “hypothalamic syndrome” as a “problem involving the hypothalamus”; it only mentions “hypothalamic syndrome” as an example of a clinical sign in the context of CNS leukemia.; The packet supports only that hypothalamic syndrome can be present as a clinical sign with “no other explanation,” but it does not substantiate the added phrasing/characterization that it is a problem involving the hypothalamus.; Unsupported generalization: the packet only identifies hypothalamic syndrome as a clinical sign of CNS leukemia without another explanation; it does not define it as a general “problem involving the hypothalamus.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “NCCN ALL Response Criteria for CNS Disease CNS Relapse” (C172175).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f78d4aadf3d38c42b97f041bac8f5635b925374d921ca371804070c666e07335","record_id":"C172175","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"hypothalamic syndrome"},{"id":"hypoxia","reason":"The definition adds an unsupported claim that hypoxia can affect behavior; the packet only supports reduced oxygen in the body and symptoms such as impaired judgment, memory loss, impaired motor coordination, seizures, and coma.; The definition claims hypoxia “can affect thinking and behavior,” but the packet only specifies cognitive/motor impairments (impaired judgment, memory loss, impaired motor coordination) and does not support a general claim about “behavior.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Hypoxia” (C3890).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2a7b009673d584e106c24eed09fd9ebf39bbb182a7029a7d0aa3d752d11d9f3c","record_id":"C3890","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"hypoxia"},{"id":"identity-style","reason":"The definition generalizes beyond the packet by treating normative identity style as if it were the only identity style described, whereas the packet only states that older individuals are more likely to endorse a normative identity style and describes it as emphasizing conformity and tradition.; The definition is not strictly limited to what the packet specifies (normative identity style’s emphasis on conformity and tradition); the provided definition adds an unsupported general characterization.; The first sentence is an unsupported standalone definition for the requested term; the packet provides no direct support for that general construct or wording.; The packet does not define the broader term \"identity style\" as a person’s characteristic way of shaping and expressing their sense of self; it only mentions the subtype \"normative identity style.\"; The packet does not define “identity style” overall; it only references normative identity style, so the definition’s claim about “the only identity style described” being normative is not clearly supported with an explicit statement that this is the only sense in the packet (the rest is implied rather than directly supported).; The packet does not support the first sentence’s general definition of “identity style” as “a person’s characteristic way of shaping and expressing their sense of self.” It only mentions “normative identity style” and describes it as emphasizing conformity and tradition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Liu Yingjuan; Lu Lin; Kaviani Hossein; Bao Qingxiang; Li Junjie. Empathy and citizen’s social-political attitude: age as a moderator. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1663652; article XML SHA-256 77795da7f3f23cc3809c38246a46a28bcd0b4627779376d3c83e49a48c9fe5e1. “Empathy and citizen’s social-political attitude: age as a moderator” (10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1663652).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"9d3d3dd9d9bab2c4fd60fdd566252108598026272e931a8562e310c3b2fb8834","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1663652","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1663652; article XML SHA-256 77795da7f3f23cc3809c38246a46a28bcd0b4627779376d3c83e49a48c9fe5e1","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12833958","source_snapshot_sha256":"77795da7f3f23cc3809c38246a46a28bcd0b4627779376d3c83e49a48c9fe5e1","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1663652"}],"status":"dropped","term":"identity style"},{"id":"identity-theory","reason":"Because the packet never explicitly states that “identity theory” means the “double aspect/single unity with parallel mind and body” position, the provided definition risks assigning the requested sense of “identity theory” without direct support from the packet.; The definition compresses the doctrine into a modern-sounding identity view; the source emphasizes parallelism/concomitance and explicitly denies causal interaction, rather than simply equating mind and body in the way the term “identity theory” suggests.; The packet does not provide a standalone definition of “identity theory” as a term; it only notes that the German “psychophysischer Parallelismus” is “not an adequate equivalent, unless connected with the identity theory of mind and body,” without defining identity theory itself.; The packet supports Double Aspect Theory / psychophysical parallelism, not identity theory as the primary term; it only mentions “the identity theory of mind and body” in passing and does not establish identity theory as the sense to define.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Double Aspect Theory” (Double Aspect Theory).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"83c72c0e25b37d790a48a3c2eca5ec5643a8f7a36eb37915801c6e363c6b1e53","record_id":"Double Aspect Theory","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f2fe440333c892f3036dac7e921edf08ac97809e721f7c5826fa40163cc7b50c","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/D3defs.htm#Double Aspect Theory"}],"status":"dropped","term":"identity theory"},{"id":"idiom","reason":"The definition asserts “a particular kind of Greek diction that developed through contact between Jewish and Hellenic culture,” but the packet specifies this development for “the Greek idiom or diction” only as applying to “Hellenistic,” not as an independent definition of “idiom.”; The definition should stay within the packet’s narrower sense; the source does not define idiom broadly in general usage.; The definition’s first sentence (“An idiom is a characteristic form of language or style of expression”) is a general linguistic claim not stated in the packet.; The opening general definition (“a characteristic form of language or style of expression”) is not supported by the packet, which only gives a source-specific historical sense of Hellenistic Greek idiom or diction.; The packet does not define the term “idiom” itself; it uses the phrase “Greek idiom or diction” as part of an explanation of “Hellenistic,” so the requested sense (“in this source”) for “idiom” is not directly supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Hellenistic (Civilization, &c.) or Hellenism” (Hellenistic).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"74015c66a79fd83bd3c9727734a80efba279da7bb14ecfb761d557c6fcfed266","record_id":"Hellenistic","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"2a9f70d3bbd132c752aa3b08065f095158224944bcb0bac6c0c0bd0f35a730a7","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/H2defs.htm#Hellenistic"}],"status":"dropped","term":"idiom"},{"id":"implicit-personality-theories","reason":"The definition speaks generally about “people’s” underlying beliefs, but the packet’s discussion and empirical test specifically concern children (sixth through eighth grades).; The packet supports beliefs about social characteristics, not the broader claim that the term covers both social and personality characteristics.; The second sentence overgeneralizes from the packet’s study context: it links children’s social cognitions to interpretation and control beliefs, but not specifically to all children or to social outcomes in general.; While the packet supports that implicit personality theories concern whether social characteristics/outcomes are fixed or changeable and that this relates to perceived control in an internal condition, the definition’s phrasing “shape how children understand social situations” is only indirectly supported via a broader statement that children’s social cognitions interpret social situations (the link to implicit personality theories is not stated explicitly in that sentence).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Lavallee Kristen L.; Parker Jeffrey G.. Beliefs about the controllability of social characteristics and children’s jealous responses to outsiders’ interference in friendship. 2019; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0209845; article XML SHA-256 7c71230135851f04be211d4fd3d2287749d059f5b440b38a072b41fa465cf093. “Beliefs about the controllability of social characteristics and children’s jealous responses to outsiders’ interference in friendship” (10.1371/journal.pone.0209845).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"ca1ba18581196f6e1e511e92b52d7a6b2adcaa259f53495fd269ef0b27fa2c40","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0209845","revision":"2019; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0209845; article XML SHA-256 7c71230135851f04be211d4fd3d2287749d059f5b440b38a072b41fa465cf093","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc6334908","source_snapshot_sha256":"7c71230135851f04be211d4fd3d2287749d059f5b440b38a072b41fa465cf093","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209845"}],"status":"dropped","term":"implicit personality theories"},{"id":"imps","reason":"Because multiple substantive descriptors (“small,” “evil helper spirits,” “attendants”) are not explicitly present in the provided packet, the definition overreaches beyond the supplied source.; The packet does connect imps with the witch/devil context (e.g., testimony of accused dancing “with imps” or “with the devil”), but the definition’s specific phrasing “attendants associated with witches and the devil” is not fully supported as such.; The packet supports that witches’ “behests were carried out by imps and familiars,” but it does not describe imps as “small,” “evil,” or as “helper spirits.”; “Attendants associated with witches and the devil” is only loosely implied, not stated as a definition, so the wording goes beyond the packet’s support.; “Evil helper spirits” overstates the source, which does not define imps as a class of spirits or explicitly as helpers; it only mentions them in witchcraft accounts.; “Small” is not supported by the packet; the source only says witches’ behests were carried out by “imps and familiars.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-4599000-4611000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"12225f46bd434508c1b4979d02e4c5115bd6b143058d640c29bfe9adb40a8ac1","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-4599000-4611000","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"IMPS"},{"id":"incantation","reason":"The packet does not state that an incantation is a “spoken magical formula”; it only says that “incantation rather than prayer figures prominently” in the context of spirit-worship/propitiation.; The packet supports incantation only as something that figures prominently in demonolatry, not as a general “spoken magical formula.”; The packet supports the contrast with prayer and the connection to propitiation over adoration, but it does not explicitly support the added phrasing about “trying to appease or influence spirits” as a defining characterization.; “Influence spirits” is broader than the packet’s wording; the source supports propitiation of spirits and minor adoration, not a general influence claim.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Demonolatry” (Demonolatry).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"af7489e1f6d2e03aa3283e69789e8fbbe50c3a1ceba4f04a13bf1699c27ea389","record_id":"Demonolatry","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"08d41be0452624d395f90f1dd42283fbb21304db9914d3e91ed61f0786ef092b","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/D1defs.htm#Demonolatry"}],"status":"dropped","term":"incantation"},{"id":"independent-phenomena","reason":"The definition narrows the phrase to a general conceptual meaning, but the packet supports only its specific use in describing PCOS abnormalities as not independent phenomena within a redox-endocrine network.; The packet does not provide an explicit, general definition of “independent phenomena” as “events or abnormalities understood as separate and unrelated”; it only uses the phrase in contrast (“are not independent phenomena but components of a … network”).; The rest of the provided definition adds a characterization (“separate and unrelated” and “parts of a connected process that influence one another”) that is not stated in the packet as the dictionary-style meaning of the term.; The supplied field is not defensible: the packet is about PCOS/endocrinology, not cognition or a psychology/counselling sense.; The “field: cognition” label is not supported by the packet content, which is focused on PCOS biology and oxidative/redox mechanisms rather than cognition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Subakathulla Sumayyah; Manoj Norwin; Patanwala Azima Muzzammil; Premvignesh Prasanna Appiya; Maher Alobaid Yamen; Majie Ankit; Gorain Bapi; Dutta Sulagna; Sengupta Pallav; Rosas Israel Maldonado; Roychoudhury Shubhadeep. Redox-endocrine triad in PCOS: can vitamin D, myo-inositol, and melatonin synergize as bioactive cocktails?. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fendo.2026.1825853; article XML SHA-256 e6a6e28c6a26d67493752f44134d2298da8c7fdd4d1d9988d6d76f763d51c129. “Redox-endocrine triad in PCOS: can vitamin D, myo-inositol, and melatonin synergize as bioactive cocktails?” (10.3389/fendo.2026.1825853).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2740ce3802609ceea1dd8efa0fbb07e0eefd9fbb4f05d38ecb43cfc9e59fca76","record_id":"10.3389/fendo.2026.1825853","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fendo.2026.1825853; article XML SHA-256 e6a6e28c6a26d67493752f44134d2298da8c7fdd4d1d9988d6d76f763d51c129","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13160802","source_snapshot_sha256":"e6a6e28c6a26d67493752f44134d2298da8c7fdd4d1d9988d6d76f763d51c129","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1825853"}],"status":"dropped","term":"independent phenomena"},{"id":"independent-random-variables","reason":"The clause “so the value or behavior of one does not change the probability pattern of the other” is not supported anywhere in the supplied packet text.; The definition adds an application-specific sentence (“stress and strength are assumed to vary independently of each other”) that is true in the packet’s article, but the entry is not supported as a mental-health sense of the term.; The definition’s first sentence claims a general meaning of “independent random variables” (that one value/behavior does not change the other’s probability pattern). The packet only states, in this specific modeling context, that “stress (T) and strength (Q) are independent random variables,” but it does not provide or justify the broader probability-pattern explanation. ; The requested field is not defensible from the packet: the source is a reliability/statistics article about a stress–strength model, not a mental health/counselling context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Alyami Salem A; Hassan Amal S; Elbatal Ibrahim; Albalawi Olayan; Elgarhy Mohammed; El-Saeed Ahmed R. Bayesian and non-bayesian analysis for stress-strength model based on progressively first failure censoring with applications. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0312937; article XML SHA-256 90608828910e1599ea08fb430d25134c0e241c99565093cfbfe8aebb81727f3b. “Bayesian and non-bayesian analysis for stress-strength model based on progressively first failure censoring with applications” (10.1371/journal.pone.0312937).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2f386ec9f2b0c79ff34d55d8b421bc475a8166da6d595d56b51ac149fe1baa42","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0312937","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0312937; article XML SHA-256 90608828910e1599ea08fb430d25134c0e241c99565093cfbfe8aebb81727f3b","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11661653","source_snapshot_sha256":"90608828910e1599ea08fb430d25134c0e241c99565093cfbfe8aebb81727f3b","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312937"}],"status":"dropped","term":"independent random variables"},{"id":"individual-accuracy","reason":"The claim that Baldwin contrasts this with personal inaccuracy or variation in pronunciation is not directly supported by the packet as stated.; The definition attributes an explicit contrast (“Baldwin contrasts it with personal inaccuracy or variation in pronunciation”), but the packet mentions “individual inaccuracies of pronunciation” without clearly framing a contrast between defined terms “individual accuracy” and “personal inaccuracy.”; The definition states that “individual accuracy means the exactness with which a person reproduces speech sounds,” but the packet only says that sound-changes originate in “individual inaccuracies of pronunciation”; it does not define accuracy as “exactness” or describe reproduction of speech sounds in that way.; The packet does not support defining \"individual accuracy\" as the exactness with which a person reproduces speech sounds; the source instead refers to \"individual inaccuracies of pronunciation\" and to \"individual accuracy or aberration in reproduction\" without defining the term as exactness.; The statement that such variants spread through a community and contribute to broader sound change is broadly supported, but the requested sense of the term itself is not securely established by the source.; While the packet supports that individual inaccuracies can spread and contribute to broader sound change/tendency (“Only when these become frequent enough…to influence the community does a phonetic tendency develop…”), the definition’s wording includes additional concepts (exact reproduction; explicit contrasting framing) that are not supported by the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Language” (Language).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"8a09d0f3fb3c17131d5bcfb4a52104d5c52a5017e7d21851bfd3da0875ca80e9","record_id":"Language","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"6777c81909d72fad1ed900e14932120080f2c7599f19f003fbbd9b9015741f00","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/L1defs.htm#Language"}],"status":"dropped","term":"individual accuracy"},{"id":"individualized-reading","reason":"The definition narrows the term to a specific intervention for persistent developmental dyslexia; that sense is treatment-oriented rather than diagnostic.; The definition states “one-on-one reading instruction … as part of an intervention for persistent developmental dyslexia,” which is broadly supported, but the “tailored to the person” element is not supported by the supplied text.; The packet supports that the intervention included a one-on-one 30-min reading intervention administered by a trained reading specialist, but it does not explicitly describe the reading instruction as “tailored to the person” (i.e., individualized in the sense of personalization).; The requested field is not defensible here: the source uses “individualized reading instruction” as a treatment/intervention component, not as a diagnosis-related term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Arrington C. Nikki; Harrington Rachael M.; Herrera-Diaz Adianes; Ralph Kennedy; Moquete Narciso; Morris Robin. Combined accelerated theta burst stimulation and reading instruction for the treatment of persistent developmental dyslexia: methodology and preliminary findings. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1758532; article XML SHA-256 00acef6044b640215683ee2862effbf1c14ebadc0a7cb32aa7e108f8f7234a37. “Combined accelerated theta burst stimulation and reading instruction for the treatment of persistent developmental dyslexia: methodology and preliminary findings” (10.3389/fnhum.2026.1758532).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"28ec7f8eebb7c2d9178b79dc1206a65985d354b71c4b99505545a851f062934b","record_id":"10.3389/fnhum.2026.1758532","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1758532; article XML SHA-256 00acef6044b640215683ee2862effbf1c14ebadc0a7cb32aa7e108f8f7234a37","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13153044","source_snapshot_sha256":"00acef6044b640215683ee2862effbf1c14ebadc0a7cb32aa7e108f8f7234a37","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1758532"}],"status":"dropped","term":"individualized reading"},{"id":"infantile-paralysis","reason":"The definition claims the condition is “occurring in children,” but the packet only labels “chronic anterior poliomyelitis” as occurring in adults and does not explicitly state that “infantile paralysis” occurs in children.; The definition goes beyond the packet by stating that the condition is “presented as a diseased condition of the spinal cord occurring in children.” The source only says poliomyelitis occurs as “infantile paralysis” and does not frame it in that full way.; The packet does not describe a “front horns” spinal-cord mechanism; it describes a “degenerative atrophy of the anterior cornea,” and provides other general pathology of the spinal cord.; The packet supports that “infantile paralysis” is a historical name for poliomyelitis, but it does not support the added explanation “degenerative wasting of the front horns of the spinal cord.” The source wording is “degenerative atrophy of the anterior cornea,” which is not the same phrase.; The packet supports that “infantile paralysis” is a name used for poliomyelitis (it states: “Poliomyelitis, or degenerative atrophy of the anterior cornea, occurs as 'infantile paralysis'…”), but the definition’s added phrasing “degenerative wasting of the front horns of the spinal cord” is not supported by the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Myelitis” (Myelitis).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"b12d94442210dcc10ec83bfac3798f14b962471657f1841cddf3c85c9b2ef772","record_id":"Myelitis","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"65bda23f294e6b85adca79f9a6684290b2c0dfd8b7c7860ee849546a7f9480c1","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/M5defs.htm#Myelitis"}],"status":"dropped","term":"infantile paralysis"},{"id":"institutional-animal-care-and-use-committee","reason":"The definition’s first substantive claim—that the committee “reviews and approves studies involving animals”—is not explicitly stated anywhere in the provided packet text. The packet only mentions that the study “was approved by our Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee,” without describing what the committee does.; The packet only shows that the study was approved by an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee; it does not support the broader definition that this is an organization within a research institution that reviews and approves animal studies.; The second sentence adds a specific “rabbit experiment” approval role, but the packet supports only that this study was approved, not the fuller contextual gloss as written.; While the second sentence is supported (the packet says the study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee), the overall definition contains an unsupported functional description.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Choi Woosun; Kwak Byung Kook; Jung Jisung; Park Serah; Hong Soon Auck; Choi Sang Lim. Feasibility of rabbit auricular VX2 tumor model as an experimental model for intra-arterial embolization. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0316282; article XML SHA-256 e24c2ad0f7de1533efc02b5796c2641c363aa5146b6bbd678757a5a91baf97ea. “Feasibility of rabbit auricular VX2 tumor model as an experimental model for intra-arterial embolization” (10.1371/journal.pone.0316282).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c58a2fc01b2d74054afb941fa73d65acf050b1ec1e74d360e17ac437b35dcbb5","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0316282","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0316282; article XML SHA-256 e24c2ad0f7de1533efc02b5796c2641c363aa5146b6bbd678757a5a91baf97ea","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11781648","source_snapshot_sha256":"e24c2ad0f7de1533efc02b5796c2641c363aa5146b6bbd678757a5a91baf97ea","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0316282"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee"},{"id":"integrative-behavioral-couples-therapy","reason":"The definition’s framing (“in this context, it is used to help with romantic relationship conflict…”) is partially supported by the study outcomes for the OR program, but the packet does not directly support attributing these purposes to Integrative Behavioral Couples Therapy as a standalone approach beyond the OR program linkage.; The outcome description is incorrect: the source reports reductions in negative affect/anger during conflict scenarios, not increases in negative emotional reactions.; The packet only states that the OurRelationship (OR) program is based on “Integrative Behavioral Couples Therapy,” but it does not explicitly describe Integrative Behavioral Couples Therapy itself as a “couples-focused psychological approach.”; The source supports that the OurRelationship program was based on Integrative Behavioral Couples Therapy, but not that the term itself is defined as a basis for that program.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Karantzas Gery C.; Staiger Petra K.; Romano Daniel A.; Curtis Ashlee; Bruscella Courtney; Miller Peter G.; Gruenert Stefan; Toumbourou John W.; Doss Brian D.; Christensen Andrew. A group version of the OurRelationship program within residential substance use treatment: preliminary evidence for improving responses to romantic relationship conflict for those dealing with substance misuse. 2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1307640; article XML SHA-256 b2b2245ffe3cb55bb64b46aa532ce976a0da0f259076c31829c7c8f5f290527c. “A group version of the OurRelationship program within residential substance use treatment: preliminary evidence for improving responses to romantic relationship conflict for those dealing with substance misuse” (10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1307640).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"14c1fb1d11a1e8bf4431eb76d2c3a3abcb62f67f03c44550730660c014937832","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1307640","revision":"2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1307640; article XML SHA-256 b2b2245ffe3cb55bb64b46aa532ce976a0da0f259076c31829c7c8f5f290527c","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11693445","source_snapshot_sha256":"b2b2245ffe3cb55bb64b46aa532ce976a0da0f259076c31829c7c8f5f290527c","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1307640"}],"status":"dropped","term":"integrative behavioral couples therapy"},{"id":"integrity-versus-despair","reason":"The definition’s description of “despair” (that it involves “struggling to reach that sense of meaning or completion”) is not explicitly supported by the supplied packet text. The packet discusses ego integrity and related qualities (e.g., evaluating life as coherent/meaningful; accepting successes and failures; self-acceptance; inner peace; integrated narrative), but it does not provide a corresponding explanation of despair.; The description of despair is not directly supported by the packet; the source explains ego integrity as accepting one’s life as valuable, coherent, and meaningful, but it does not define despair as “struggling to reach that sense of meaning or completion.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Talu Ertuğrul. Life satisfaction, regret, and death reflection among older adults in Turkey: a qualitative study within Erikson’s framework of ego integrity. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1745222; article XML SHA-256 c570716f4c33e1b5f8fc9f10f51d6343efa6941b5db28e08af6eb336b47f5b06. “Life satisfaction, regret, and death reflection among older adults in Turkey: a qualitative study within Erikson’s framework of ego integrity” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1745222).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"113df18dbfc9346720460e97b5cd16bf495fd8aa8693c74bc63ba7bafe1cd5f8","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1745222","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1745222; article XML SHA-256 c570716f4c33e1b5f8fc9f10f51d6343efa6941b5db28e08af6eb336b47f5b06","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13124952","source_snapshot_sha256":"c570716f4c33e1b5f8fc9f10f51d6343efa6941b5db28e08af6eb336b47f5b06","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1745222"}],"status":"dropped","term":"integrity versus despair"},{"id":"intellectualization","reason":"The definition says the threat is “engaged rather than pushed out of awareness”; the packet contrasts intellectualization with “repression” involving “unconscious denial in avoiding the stimulus,” which does not explicitly support the phrase “pushed out of awareness.”; The definition states that the person deals with the threat “through thinking, analysis, or attempts at mental control,” but the packet only specifies intellectualization as involving “approaching or controlling the stimulus” and does not mention thinking/analysis as the mechanism.; The final clause about the threat being “engaged rather than pushed out of awareness” is not supported by the packet; the source only contrasts intellectualization as an approach/control response with repression as an avoidance response.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Repression-Sensitization” (D012095).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"c24d5e77cf222620a8e07d4b1859383f65c7d757cea2e8b8750e44d86b1d74b0","record_id":"D012095","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012095"}],"status":"dropped","term":"intellectualization"},{"id":"interaction-analysis","reason":"The definition narrows the term to testing pairs of genetic variants; that wording is supported by the packet, but the packet does not establish this as the requested dictionary sense for cognition.; The packet supports a genetic SNP-SNP interaction analysis in colorectal cancer prognosis, not a cognition/psychology sense, so the field is not defensible from the source.; The provided field is “cognition,” but the packet describes genome-wide SNP–SNP interaction analysis in colorectal cancer outcomes (prognostic genetic research), not cognition. This makes the field association unsupported/defensible.; The second sentence is source-meta phrasing rather than a standalone definition and does not add a supported clinical or counseling meaning.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Curtis Aaron A.; Yu Yajun; Carey Megan; Yilmaz Yildiz E.; Savas Sevtap. A genome-wide SNP-SNP interaction analysis exploring novel interacting loci associated with the risk of recurrence in colorectal cancer. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0321967; article XML SHA-256 1013a866a8ddedfa6ec4d27bfd9adb58fa42d0cb913d7c29f7d8c7c76ab5c815. “A genome-wide SNP-SNP interaction analysis exploring novel interacting loci associated with the risk of recurrence in colorectal cancer” (10.1371/journal.pone.0321967).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"1aac72d3b9dcf2dfd9990223604ee95b4ca96152f620e4ece6163ac3bc49a95a","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321967","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0321967; article XML SHA-256 1013a866a8ddedfa6ec4d27bfd9adb58fa42d0cb913d7c29f7d8c7c76ab5c815","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12176161","source_snapshot_sha256":"1013a866a8ddedfa6ec4d27bfd9adb58fa42d0cb913d7c29f7d8c7c76ab5c815","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321967"}],"status":"dropped","term":"interaction analysis"},{"id":"intermission","reason":"The packet does not support the additional framing that the illness “progress[es] with breaks rather than in one continuous, unchanging state,” beyond the brief mention of “periods of intermission.”; The packet only states that the disorder “progresses usually with periods of intermission”; it does not define intermission as a time when “symptoms lessen or are absent.”; The packet supports that the disorder “progresses usually with periods of intermission,” but it does not explicitly support the added claim that symptoms “lessen or are absent before returning.”; The phrasing “in this historical psychiatric usage” is acceptable, but the definition slightly generalizes beyond the source by turning a course description into a fuller clinical gloss that the packet does not state directly.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Doubting Mania” (Doubting Mania).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"b1dda792a738ea4045b5000ae3c9e483df8c31a059298e567b4a013d7eb17df0","record_id":"Doubting Mania","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f2fe440333c892f3036dac7e921edf08ac97809e721f7c5826fa40163cc7b50c","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/D3defs.htm#Doubting Mania"}],"status":"dropped","term":"intermission"},{"id":"interval-estimate","reason":"The definition adds that it “expresses an estimate as an interval rather than as a single number.” The packet does not state this distinction.; The definition claims the interval is likely to include the “true parameter,” but the packet only says the interval is a range of scores likely to contain the “estimated parameter,” without mentioning “true.”; The packet supports that an interval estimate is a range of scores likely to contain the estimated parameter, but not the added contrast with a single-number estimate.; The packet uses the phrase “range of scores likely to contain the estimated parameter,” while the definition rephrases it as “range of values” and “true parameter being estimated,” which is not directly supported by the packet wording.; The second sentence (“It expresses an estimate as an interval rather than as a single number.”) is not stated in the packet and goes beyond the supplied source text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Online Statistics Education, version 2 (David M. Lane, project leader). 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Reliability of the retrospective Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (rCIS-R) to assess relapse in depression in primary care patients. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0280997; article XML SHA-256 564f49a9ad8b5f9b04bd45509710a074a087ecf0ed1ada89e40e68501b8b92c8. “Reliability of the retrospective Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (rCIS-R) to assess relapse in depression in primary care patients” (10.1371/journal.pone.0280997).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e1af8c6ab1b55b83fc0829cc78da38cc6e27613e3fb9405b38e0f6c5d3db9d6e","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0280997","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0280997; article XML SHA-256 564f49a9ad8b5f9b04bd45509710a074a087ecf0ed1ada89e40e68501b8b92c8","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10019660","source_snapshot_sha256":"564f49a9ad8b5f9b04bd45509710a074a087ecf0ed1ada89e40e68501b8b92c8","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280997"}],"status":"dropped","term":"interview schedule"},{"id":"interviewer-training","reason":"The definition adds a generalized explanatory gloss about what interviewer training is, beyond what the source explicitly supports.; The definition’s framing goes slightly beyond what the packet says: the packet attributes interview-outcome variations to insufficient interviewer training and lack of standardization, but it does not clearly define the purpose of interviewer training as producing consistent, standardized ratings.; The packet does not explicitly state that interviewer training is meant to help interviewers use “more consistent, standardized rating approaches”; it only mentions “absence of standardization, such as insufficient interviewer training,” and “divergent rating strategies.”; The packet supports that insufficient interviewer training can contribute to non-standardized, inconsistent interview outcomes and bias, but it does not define interviewer training as preparation that produces more consistent standardized rating approaches.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tsikas Stefanos A.; Dauer Karina. Examining interviewer bias in medical school admissions: The interplay between applicant and interviewer gender and its effects on interview outcomes. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0309293; article XML SHA-256 592a407ecccb4d70f2af76e177b7a3ed34fdf2c2216d425ef0bba02984e13beb. “Examining interviewer bias in medical school admissions: The interplay between applicant and interviewer gender and its effects on interview outcomes” (10.1371/journal.pone.0309293).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7d95ceaee4193aea981f1982df0fb1bda4a62b9b74990c4a65a3bc4aff073c99","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0309293","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0309293; article XML SHA-256 592a407ecccb4d70f2af76e177b7a3ed34fdf2c2216d425ef0bba02984e13beb","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11346660","source_snapshot_sha256":"592a407ecccb4d70f2af76e177b7a3ed34fdf2c2216d425ef0bba02984e13beb","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309293"}],"status":"dropped","term":"interviewer training"},{"id":"invariant-feature","reason":"The definition’s phrasing (“detectable pattern in an image,” “remains recognizable”) is not explicitly stated in the packet; support is indirect via SIFT being used for recognition/tracking and described as invariant to rotation.; The packet does not provide a definition or direct support for the term “invariant feature” itself; it discusses SIFT features and claims about SIFT’s rotation invariance, but it does not define what an “invariant feature” is in general cognition terms.; The packet only supports rotation invariance for SIFT features, not the broader claim that the feature remains recognizable when the target changes in position as well as orientation.; The packet supports use in target recognition and tracking, but it does not establish the general definition of an “invariant feature” as a detectable image pattern with that behavior across motion or rotation.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Pan Qingya; Luan Shengjie; Zhang Fuke; Tian Linzhao; Wu Guishu; Fan Yizhong. An improved Scale-Invariant Feature Transform-based method for detecting tumor tissue motion induced by respiration. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0330578; article XML SHA-256 5f10a42cc1e1fb15635f1e07d8b3595f2e0f62a339ea56fe05c6782811bc24cd. “An improved Scale-Invariant Feature Transform-based method for detecting tumor tissue motion induced by respiration” (10.1371/journal.pone.0330578).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"13309517796a8fcda57af63bb59c2b6857de4015921b3fbd2aa613c1d9d775ba","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0330578","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0330578; article XML SHA-256 5f10a42cc1e1fb15635f1e07d8b3595f2e0f62a339ea56fe05c6782811bc24cd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13293511","source_snapshot_sha256":"5f10a42cc1e1fb15635f1e07d8b3595f2e0f62a339ea56fe05c6782811bc24cd","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330578"}],"status":"dropped","term":"invariant feature"},{"id":"jameslange-theory","reason":"The definition adds that the theory treats emotion as related to its “bodily, outward expression,” but the packet only states it is a “peripheral” or “effect theory” concerning the relation of emotion to its “so-called expression” and does not explicitly mention “bodily” or “outward.”; The definition should stay strictly within the historical source wording and not add an extra characterization not found there.; The definition’s phrase “peripheral or effect theory of emotion” is supported in substance, but the added bodily/outward wording is not directly supported by the packet.; The phrase “bodily, outward expression” goes beyond the packet, which only says the theory concerns emotion and its so-called expression; “bodily” is not supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “James-Lange Theory” (James-Lange).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"afe5d9e8fef8f24164a48cc3f9e1f8726cc3cc4df461988bdcf909645e11b1fa","record_id":"James-Lange","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"6b5f581a1909c1905bd7e029878df2480e6e9c415acef9f7da23e737f6cfb9f4","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/J1defs.htm#James-Lange"}],"status":"dropped","term":"James–Lange theory"},{"id":"jargon","reason":"However, the definition adds that jargon refers to a “severe loss of clear expression rather than merely specialized language.” The packet does not contrast jargon with “specialized language,” nor does it provide any basis for that distinction.; The contrast with “rather than merely specialized language” is unsupported by the source packet.; The packet supports only that speech may end in an “unintelligible jargon” amid omissions and repetitions; it does not explicitly define jargon as a historical term meaning this kind of speech.; The packet supports that “jargon” can be an “unintelligible jargon” arising with “precipitate and tumultuous hurry” and involving “omissions” and “repetitions,” plus general speech “disorder/entanglement” and “disordered” incoherence.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-3055500-3067500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"170e80fd4545567fcfa7fb0703cdf438c4da27439c9958d667e8fb6d7b65b71e","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-3055500-3067500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"jargon"},{"id":"joke","reason":"The definition adds a broader interpretive gloss that goes beyond the historical wording in the packet.; The definition claims the joke is “treated as an example of the capacity to recognize and respond to certain kinds of mental amusement,” but the packet does not mention “recognize,” “respond,” “mental amusement,” or any capacity framed this way.; The packet only states that “Esthetic Feelings” include “understanding a pun or joke,” along with “the incongruous” as something appreciated; it does not define a joke as “something understood or appreciated through a person’s sense of the incongruous.”; The phrase about being “an example of the capacity to recognize and respond to certain kinds of mental amusement” is not supported by the source packet; the packet only links joke to the power of appreciating the incongruous in the context of aesthetic feelings.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-1029000-1041000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"98bf7b7458e8adf6580f51b33a0e5f92f70bc7c097ba376c4de5562ab9e3e069","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-1029000-1041000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"joke"},{"id":"judgment-of-line-orientation","reason":"The definition adds functional description of the test that is not stated in the source packet, so the sense is not fully supported by the supplied evidence.; The packet does not define “Judgment of Line Orientation” or describe what the task requires (e.g., asking someone to judge the orientation of lines).; The packet does not provide enough information to support the definition’s wording about the term’s sense (it is not explicitly defined as the requested “Judgment of Line Orientation” test, nor are task specifics provided).; The packet only mentions that the Benton Judgment of Line Orientation Test (BJLOT) was included as a neuropsychological measure; it does not support the definition’s claim about assessing visuospatial ability via line-orientation judgments.; The packet only shows BJLOT as one of several neuropsychological measures and reports group score differences; it does not support the definition’s claim that Judgment of Line Orientation is a test of visuospatial ability that asks a person to judge line orientation.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Ohlhauser Lisa; Kwan Heather; Casey Hayley; MacDonald Stuart; Gawryluk Jodie R.. Sex similarities and differences in cognition: A longitudinal study of healthy control participants from the Parkinson Progression Markers Initiative. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0334358; article XML SHA-256 be96147b283b07153a6109b64d06156a3dbf1806de5a47120c83c7e1585d1a57. “Sex similarities and differences in cognition: A longitudinal study of healthy control participants from the Parkinson Progression Markers Initiative” (10.1371/journal.pone.0334358).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c096baf3ad1cc39189012e6f2c66f0edfc2f1b4a3858bf121b52ae194e463f4c","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334358","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0334358; article XML SHA-256 be96147b283b07153a6109b64d06156a3dbf1806de5a47120c83c7e1585d1a57","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12643301","source_snapshot_sha256":"be96147b283b07153a6109b64d06156a3dbf1806de5a47120c83c7e1585d1a57","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0334358"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Judgment of Line Orientation"},{"id":"ketamine","reason":"Field issue: the packet describes analgesic/anesthetic effects, mechanism (NMDA, opioid receptors, biogenic amine uptake), pain perception, and sedation, but it does not support linking ketamine to the cognition field specifically.; The definition is supported by the packet’s pharmacology content, but the requested field ‘cognition’ is not defensible for ketamine here; the source describes a pharmacologic substance, not a cognition term.; The entry should not be treated as a psychology/counselling dictionary sense without a clearer, field-appropriate framing.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Ketamine” (C61797).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c3c06c2eedc9d9ac4be91b39fbfee60ebbdb396f213c50a3c4a52f2f434d2bbc","record_id":"C61797","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"ketamine"},{"id":"kissing","reason":"The packet does not explicitly define “kissing” as “an act involving the lips meeting and then parting”; it only contains the comparison phrase “as when lips from kissing disunite,” which supports lips separating, but not the full act description (meeting then parting) as stated.; The packet supports only the historical phrase “as when lips from kissing disunite”; it does not support the broader definitional claim that kissing is an act involving the lips meeting and then parting.; The statement that the passage mentions kissing “only to describe a sound” is stronger than the source, which compares several noises and separately gives the kissing simile; the source does not explicitly state that the phrase is about a sound like lips separating after a kiss.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-3066000-3078000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"ab3d3bc8293a5e32a7a3d71bd5bb14d01db7c9263fc501559077d522f77fcbc8","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-3066000-3078000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"kissing"},{"id":"lalia","reason":"The example description should stay within the packet’s wording: echolalia is the repetition of words and tones addressed to the subject, not a broader claim about repeated spoken words in general.; The packet does not support the claim that “it is used in terms describing forms of speaking” in general; it only explicitly provides the element’s use in the single term *echolalia* (and *echophasia*).; The packet supports Greek lalia as “prattle,” but not the added gloss “speech.”; The packet supports that “lalia” (in the etymology of *echolalia*) means “prattle” (shown as “[Gr. … + lalia, prattle]”), but it does not support the expanded meaning “prattle or speech.”; The statement that -lalia is “used in terms describing forms of speaking” is too general; the packet only shows it in echolalia.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Echolalia (also Echophasia)” (Echolalia (also Echophasia)).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"fb7e6e714501bbd8a85d5c04c345f789542a1c5ebb93fd5b61b92b08c27b036a","record_id":"Echolalia (also Echophasia)","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"78221b587b713f0fedd3f2e93ee72764da6a6170f4f18df4b332be23c6f05bcf","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/E1defs.htm#Echolalia (also Echophasia)"}],"status":"dropped","term":"-lalia"},{"id":"language-pathology","reason":"The claim that assessment and intervention affect access to education and health services is broader than the packet’s support, which discusses educational barriers, misidentification, and wellbeing outcomes but does not establish this as a general definitional feature of the field.; The definition overgeneralizes from a Canadian scoping-review background into a field-wide statement about how the area is defined and practiced.; The packet supports speech-language pathology practice, not a distinct term or sense of \"language pathology\" as named in the definition.; The packet uses the term “Speech‑Language Pathology” / “S‑LP” and does not define or explicitly support “language pathology” as a term or as the intended scope of the field.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Komeili Mariam; Robinson Jessi; Akrigg Hannah. From cultural awareness to safety in Canadian speech‑language pathology practice: A scoping review protocol. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0347949; article XML SHA-256 8983e2f20e9458dd56a0b52bf0347e9c28f9e8dab048b4adf55ef4592fc3953e. “From cultural awareness to safety in Canadian speech‑language pathology practice: A scoping review protocol” (10.1371/journal.pone.0347949).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"8867e8be05e0b5d28dcd72482acd5f6ab1f8bc68bf8ee2a68848d5c07da93e9b","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0347949","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0347949; article XML SHA-256 8983e2f20e9458dd56a0b52bf0347e9c28f9e8dab048b4adf55ef4592fc3953e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13456271","source_snapshot_sha256":"8983e2f20e9458dd56a0b52bf0347e9c28f9e8dab048b4adf55ef4592fc3953e","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0347949"}],"status":"dropped","term":"language pathology"},{"id":"law-of-large-numbers","reason":"Because the core defining mechanism (“settle toward stable values” / convergence to stable values) is not explicitly supported by the packet, the provided definition includes an unsupported substantive claim.; The first sentence is a general statistical definition that is not established by the supplied text, which discusses the issue only in the context of length-of-stay data and subexponential tails.; The packet does not state the general law of large numbers idea that “as more observations are collected… sample-based quantities such as the mean tend to settle toward stable values.” It only mentions “slow convergence of the Law of Large Numbers” in relation to empirical estimates (e.g., mean, variance) being unreliable.; The packet only supports that the law of large numbers converges slowly in this setting and that empirical estimates of moments may be unreliable; it does not define the law of large numbers itself as sample quantities settling toward stable values with more observations.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Dehouche Nassim; Viravan Sorawit; Santawat Ubolrat; Torsuwan Nungruethai; Taijan Sakuna; Intharakosum Atthakorn; Sirivatanauksorn Yongyut. Hospital length of stay: A cross-specialty analysis and Beta-geometric model. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0288239; article XML SHA-256 f3d557cb1ed2a68e802f1935d27b363556f4af43229cebe488c1c4f987d5ddc8. “Hospital length of stay: A cross-specialty analysis and Beta-geometric model” (10.1371/journal.pone.0288239).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c20dae399d50871b198ff40a211e4076c940e88c2c1dd50f30e771cbad6f3e00","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0288239","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0288239; article XML SHA-256 f3d557cb1ed2a68e802f1935d27b363556f4af43229cebe488c1c4f987d5ddc8","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10343164","source_snapshot_sha256":"f3d557cb1ed2a68e802f1935d27b363556f4af43229cebe488c1c4f987d5ddc8","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288239"}],"status":"dropped","term":"law of large numbers"},{"id":"learning-trial","reason":"The definition adds a broader explanatory gloss (“to show how well a person learns the material at that point”) that is not explicitly supported by the packet.; The definition’s characterization of a “learning trial” as “a single round or attempt within a learning or memory task” is not explicitly supported in the provided packet text.; The packet only specifies that “memory performance was measured with the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) using performance on learning trial 1” and does not define what a learning trial is in general (e.g., as a round/attempt).; The packet uses “learning trial 1” as a task-specific measure but does not define “learning trial” as a general single round or attempt within a learning or memory task.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Barber Nicolette; Valoumas Ioannis; Leger Krystal R.; Chang Yu-Ling; Huang Chih-Mao; Goh Joshua Oon Soo; Gutchess Angela. Culture, prefrontal volume, and memory. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0298235; article XML SHA-256 6d7aa2ffc3736669443e1ac740e74fb58d36c3eb8ba3416fcca4925ccc10c06a. “Culture, prefrontal volume, and memory” (10.1371/journal.pone.0298235).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"39377181227e7baec9fcd3794c20fa428985603d1df2b188d4f460bf44e07abe","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0298235","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0298235; article XML SHA-256 6d7aa2ffc3736669443e1ac740e74fb58d36c3eb8ba3416fcca4925ccc10c06a","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10980194","source_snapshot_sha256":"6d7aa2ffc3736669443e1ac740e74fb58d36c3eb8ba3416fcca4925ccc10c06a","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0298235"}],"status":"dropped","term":"learning trial"},{"id":"legibility","reason":"The only directly supported usage is that “legibility will depend on the speed with which the fork is pulled” in a vibration-recording apparatus; the definition’s broader explanation is not present in the supplied text.; The packet does not define “legibility” as the clearness of a recorded trace or as being easily read or interpreted; it only says the legibility of the tuning-fork record depends on the speed with which the fork is pulled.; The packet does not explicitly define “legibility” as “the clearness of a recorded trace” or as “markings [being] easily read or interpreted.”; “Here, it refers to how plainly the vibration record appears” is an unsupported gloss beyond the source passage.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-1680000-1692000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"cab3d2a7be9a88e575255fb6d31e7488466ee5ee3aa3dea24bc140b6c0779242","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-1680000-1692000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"33038e8e84860e0b9fb5c5a641f89b23a9a7cf4e7757d4aac532fb6af44cee85","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"legibility"},{"id":"level-of-significance","reason":"The definition’s claim that results below the cutoff are “treated as changes that were in the expected direction but not strong enough to count as significant” is loosely consistent with the packet’s phrasing that “Most other changes were in expected direction, but did not reach level of significance,” but the packet does not provide enough information to support the full “cutoff used in a study” explanation.; The packet does not define what a “level of significance” is (e.g., it does not state it is a cutoff such as an alpha threshold).; The packet only shows the phrase in a results sentence; it does not define ‘level of significance’ as a study cutoff or explain the concept in general.; “If findings do not reach this level, they are treated as changes that were in the expected direction but not strong enough to count as significant” overgeneralizes a single study’s wording into a general rule.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Västhagen Maja; Özdemir Metin; Kimber Birgitta; Ghaderi Ata; Place Vanessa; Enebrink Pia. A brief universal parenting program for recently settled immigrants in Sweden: a feasibility study. 2026; DOI 10.1186/s40359-026-04026-2; article XML SHA-256 45c6065caa05e1fdb900d603ea180b39cdca92d18904ef980147f516b8bf5c1c. “A brief universal parenting program for recently settled immigrants in Sweden: a feasibility study” (10.1186/s40359-026-04026-2).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"01215cc0b2a6e329ba5c7a0ce3951269b7e89d459f4a9e88a740bf2a71a643be","record_id":"10.1186/s40359-026-04026-2","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1186/s40359-026-04026-2; article XML SHA-256 45c6065caa05e1fdb900d603ea180b39cdca92d18904ef980147f516b8bf5c1c","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12849721","source_snapshot_sha256":"45c6065caa05e1fdb900d603ea180b39cdca92d18904ef980147f516b8bf5c1c","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-026-04026-2"}],"status":"dropped","term":"level of significance"},{"id":"lifetime-of-experiences-questionnaire","reason":"The definition should not generalize the instrument beyond the study context provided in the packet.; The packet does not support the general description that LEQ is used “to capture experiences across different stages of life”; it only states that lifetime musical activity was operationalized using LEQ with early, middle, and late life stages.; The packet provides evidence for LEQ’s role in this study (self-reported musical instrument playing across early, middle, late life), but does not support broader claims about what kinds of “experiences” the questionnaire captures beyond musical activity in this context.; The packet supports the LEQ as a self-report measure for lifetime musical activity, specifically participation in playing a musical instrument across early, middle, and late life stages; it does not support the broader claim that it captures “experiences across different stages of life” in general.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Liebscher Maxie; Dell’Orco Andrea; Doll-Lee Johanna; Buerger Katharina; Dechent Peter; Ewers Michael; Fliessbach Klaus; Glanz Wenzel; Hetzer Stefan; Janowitz Daniel; Kilimann Ingo; Laske Christoph; Lüsebrink Falk; Munk Matthias; Perneczky Robert; Peters Oliver; Preis Lukas; Priller Josef; Rauchmann Boris; Rostamzadeh Ayda; Roy-Kluth Nina; Scheffler Klaus; Schneider Anja; Schott Björn H.; Spottke Annika; Spruth Eike; Teipel Stefan; Wiltfang Jens; Jessen Frank; Düzel Emrah; Wagner Michael; Röske Sandra; Wirth Miranka; On behalf of DELCODE study group. Short communication: Lifetime musical activity and resting-state functional connectivity in cognitive networks. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0299939; article XML SHA-256 57124aaa14c367bd197849bdd41a89876c2df4296e0e900b9cfb5ee38f2dd685. “Short communication: Lifetime musical activity and resting-state functional connectivity in cognitive networks” (10.1371/journal.pone.0299939).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7e878a5e64d852f08cb38cc0069864992a3b0bf4e9d50715045d6ac9e7d539de","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0299939","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0299939; article XML SHA-256 57124aaa14c367bd197849bdd41a89876c2df4296e0e900b9cfb5ee38f2dd685","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11065262","source_snapshot_sha256":"57124aaa14c367bd197849bdd41a89876c2df4296e0e900b9cfb5ee38f2dd685","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299939"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Lifetime of Experiences Questionnaire"},{"id":"light-reflex","reason":"The definition adds a general modern gloss that is not supported by the supplied historical passage, which is about pupillary signs in general paralysis rather than defining the term itself.; The packet does not explicitly define “light reflex” as the normal narrowing (constriction) of the pupil to light; it only discusses “loss of pupillary light reflex” as a sign.; The packet does not explicitly define “light reflex” as the normal narrowing of the pupil to light; it only mentions loss of the pupillary light reflex and related pupil reactions.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2845500-2857500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"8cb82719737a15d30eadf4f8425a4a926dc4976cae600364c8e933525de0dc00","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2845500-2857500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"light reflex"},{"id":"light-sensitivity","reason":"The definition states that light sensitivity “can appear with … neurological conditions such as migraine and meningitis,” but the packet does not characterize migraine or meningitis as “neurological” conditions; it only lists them among disorders associated with photophobia.; The packet supports abnormal sensitivity to light/photophobia, but it does not support the broad category “neurological conditions”; it only lists eye diseases, migraine, subarachnoid hemorrhage, meningitis, and other disorders.; “Can appear with eye and neurological conditions” is broader than the source text and adds an unsupported clinical grouping.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Photophobia” (D020795).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"c264c1fb880c65409c41e05227ad809e6af0754ef2f8bc82fe19f4e8eb1e57ee","record_id":"D020795","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D020795"}],"status":"dropped","term":"light sensitivity"},{"id":"lightness-constancy","reason":"Parts of the definition are not supported by the packet, including the claim about “changes in viewing conditions” altering the light reaching the eye; the packet discusses depth perception and retinal-image invariance in specific experiments rather than changes in viewing conditions.; The definition adds a broad generalization about stable appearance across changing viewing conditions that is not stated in the packet; the packet specifically discusses depth inversion and perceived spatial position, not lightness constancy under viewing-condition changes in general.; The definition’s phrasing about “relatively stable” perceived surface shade/reflectance is not directly stated in the packet; the packet discusses principles/assumptions (e.g., coplanar ratio) and empirical findings, not a concise behavioral definition of constancy.; The packet does not provide an explicit definition of “lightness constancy” as a general “tendency” to perceive surface shade/reflectance as stable; it only notes that some studies interpreted depth-inversion results “in terms of lightness constancy.”; The second sentence is awkwardly framed as an in-packet claim rather than a definition, and it is not clearly original to the source packet’s wording.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Arai Tetsuya; Masuda Tomohiro; Igarashi Yuka; Omori Keiko; Aizawa Yasunori; Masuda Naoe. Depth inversion with a 3D structure influences brightness perception. 2019; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0224192; article XML SHA-256 b488fbc8af795442bad5c423e1903f75599ac51cbd248ef2f18382ccfcb798d4. “Depth inversion with a 3D structure influences brightness perception” (10.1371/journal.pone.0224192).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"d85104b4e76a6dbd29d96ba1153a326590c9cc5f6600e1fa5c0a5e6f4099332c","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0224192","revision":"2019; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0224192; article XML SHA-256 b488fbc8af795442bad5c423e1903f75599ac51cbd248ef2f18382ccfcb798d4","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc6799905","source_snapshot_sha256":"b488fbc8af795442bad5c423e1903f75599ac51cbd248ef2f18382ccfcb798d4","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224192"}],"status":"dropped","term":"lightness constancy"},{"id":"limen","reason":"The meaning “the point at which something reaches the threshold” is not stated in the packet; the packet only gives an equivalence (“equivalent to THRESHOLD”) without defining it as a “point.”; The remaining related forms (liminal, subliminal, supraliminal) are supported, but the definition includes unsupported wording and is not fully faithful to the source.; The source supports that limen is equivalent to “threshold,” but not the added gloss “meaning the point at which something reaches the threshold.”; “Older term for threshold” is not explicitly supported by the packet; the packet states it is “equivalent to THRESHOLD … and is preferred,” but does not describe it as “older.”; “Older term” is not stated in the source; the packet only says limen is equivalent to threshold and that threshold is already current and preferred.; “Related forms are liminal … subliminal … supraliminal …” is supported in substance, but because the definition includes unsupported phrasing (“older term,” “point at which”), the overall definition is not defensible.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Limen” (Limen).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"d43eab9b3e90d5366d472d79b7204f653607a33936c631d8cf149910e65fa042","record_id":"Limen","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"6c2625f2566af17e76055322ef68101c55fc8a1d2ddfa761756507a30a79d4dc","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/L3defs.htm#Limen"}],"status":"dropped","term":"limen"},{"id":"limited-responsibility","reason":"The definition claims a “reduced sense of duty to assess and manage these patients compared with other emergency patients,” but the packet does not provide this specific comparison or an explicit duty/assessment/management reduction wording.; The packet supports that staff assumed “limited responsibility” for patients with mental illness and viewed them as inappropriate ED users, but it does not explicitly support that this means patients are “not really belonging in the emergency department,” nor that staff take “partial ownership” of their care.; The packet supports that staff saw patients with mental illness as inappropriate ED users and assumed limited responsibility, but it does not support the added contrast that this was less than for other emergency patients.; The phrase “not really belonging in the emergency department” is stronger and more specific than the packet’s wording and is not directly supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Orr Zvika; Jackson Levi; Alpert Evan Avraham; Fleming Mark D. Experiences providing care to patients with mental health conditions in a tertiary care hospital emergency department in Jerusalem. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0340973; article XML SHA-256 8cf422189df43631737c041a7a6e7d0a647076d050cfb1604c2f364d7d0b0fb4. “Experiences providing care to patients with mental health conditions in a tertiary care hospital emergency department in Jerusalem” (10.1371/journal.pone.0340973).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f1ba580d030193b03712c617cca864a52db5897c93bb4b7e48bbb1a6936dae97","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0340973","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0340973; article XML SHA-256 8cf422189df43631737c041a7a6e7d0a647076d050cfb1604c2f364d7d0b0fb4","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12810847","source_snapshot_sha256":"8cf422189df43631737c041a7a6e7d0a647076d050cfb1604c2f364d7d0b0fb4","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0340973"}],"status":"dropped","term":"limited responsibility"},{"id":"linearizing","reason":"Field mismatch: the packet describes a Twin Rotor Aerodynamic System (TRAS) for control/optimization, not biological psychology-related content.; The definition’s first claim (“reworking a complex nonlinear system into a simpler, more nearly linear form… so its behavior can be analyzed and controlled more easily”) is not explicitly supported in the packet; the packet only states that the authors “analyz[ed] and lineariz[ed] the dynamic model,” without describing linearization as making behavior “more easily analyzed and controlled.”; The definition’s second claim (“simplifying a coupled model so it can be treated as separate subsystems”) is only partially supported: the packet says that after linearizing, TRAS is “decoupled into two… systems,” but it does not explicitly frame this as “simplifying a coupled model” or define it as the mechanism of linearization.; The requested field ‘biological’ is not supported by the packet; the source is about control of a twin rotor aerodynamic system and inverse neural control, which is an engineering/control-systems context rather than a biological one.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Al-Talabi Ahmad; Fahad Taqwa Oday; Mohammed Aqeel Abdulazeez; Mary Ali Hussien. Inverse modeling, analysis and control of twin rotor aerodynamic systems with optimized artificial intelligent controllers. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0322999; article XML SHA-256 1b98cc24074c62d4660dc88ef9483bd6590835bfc4e6a17d4e475a2d6aeafddf. “Inverse modeling, analysis and control of twin rotor aerodynamic systems with optimized artificial intelligent controllers” (10.1371/journal.pone.0322999).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"9c714f258d37117521a7144a115df409f20dc31fabef17c393697e33f9755dc1","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0322999","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0322999; article XML SHA-256 1b98cc24074c62d4660dc88ef9483bd6590835bfc4e6a17d4e475a2d6aeafddf","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12088051","source_snapshot_sha256":"1b98cc24074c62d4660dc88ef9483bd6590835bfc4e6a17d4e475a2d6aeafddf","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322999"}],"status":"dropped","term":"linearizing"},{"id":"lip-pursing","reason":"The packet supports lip pursing as a dynamic facial movement measured in four-dimensional imaging, but it does not define the movement as lips being drawn together and tightened into a protruded shape.; The provided definition describes a facial movement/dynamic facial expression measured in four-dimensional imaging, which is not supported as being within the field of “cognition” by the packet (it is presented in an imaging/orthodontic monitoring context rather than cognitive processes).; The requested field, cognition, is not supported by the source; the term appears in an orthodontic/facial-motion imaging context rather than a cognition context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Janssen Tim-Boyke; Mouchoux Jérémy; Wiechens Bernhard; Schliephake Henning; Meyer-Marcotty Philipp; Quast Anja. Four-dimensional imaging in teleorthodontics – analysis of accuracy in patients with dentofacial deformities compared with controls. 2025; DOI 10.1186/s12903-025-07169-7; article XML SHA-256 2a220fa37ad21320774fa4ec7292e20facd38a4b8b7e4012223b07ca69b3e6a7. “Four-dimensional imaging in teleorthodontics – analysis of accuracy in patients with dentofacial deformities compared with controls” (10.1186/s12903-025-07169-7).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3057ef4b2f2d4b3c3f89ba73c65cd479e20efc89cda7e2084e0fa32fff4567b9","record_id":"10.1186/s12903-025-07169-7","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1186/s12903-025-07169-7; article XML SHA-256 2a220fa37ad21320774fa4ec7292e20facd38a4b8b7e4012223b07ca69b3e6a7","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12579406","source_snapshot_sha256":"2a220fa37ad21320774fa4ec7292e20facd38a4b8b7e4012223b07ca69b3e6a7","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-07169-7"}],"status":"dropped","term":"lip pursing"},{"id":"lmx-theory","reason":"The definition adds an unsupported generalization that LMX theory concerns exchange quality between a “leader or teacher” and a “member or student”; the packet only supports student-LMX in a higher-education setting and does not define the theory that broadly.; The packet does not explicitly define LMX theory as a “relationship-focused perspective” or describe it as examining “the quality of the exchange” between a leader/teacher and a member/student.; The packet supports that “student-LMX” moderates effects involving perceived risk and perceived benefit on feedback seeking, but it does not support the definition’s framing that this is what LMX theory itself is “used to explain” in general terms; the packet presents LMX theory as the basis for a study hypothesis/boundary condition rather than a general definition of the theory.; The study context is only partly supported: the packet says LMX moderated the risk pathway in feedback seeking, but it does not support the broader claim that stronger or weaker relationships generally change how people weigh risk and act on feedback-seeking.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Xie Han; Cheng Li. The effect of self-efficacy on feedback seeking among undergraduate students: the role of perceived risk cost and student-LMX. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847026; article XML SHA-256 d1f1dd48fa0a3d86bb50f4cfa9ab542a899337b01d120525aef524590a5a777b. “The effect of self-efficacy on feedback seeking among undergraduate students: the role of perceived risk cost and student-LMX” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847026).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"713c69ffb6bb3bac93b1c8a889d3c9e75a68447b802c3e49169b0afbe1afca6a","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847026","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847026; article XML SHA-256 d1f1dd48fa0a3d86bb50f4cfa9ab542a899337b01d120525aef524590a5a777b","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13481311","source_snapshot_sha256":"d1f1dd48fa0a3d86bb50f4cfa9ab542a899337b01d120525aef524590a5a777b","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1847026"}],"status":"dropped","term":"LMX theory"},{"id":"lockout","reason":"The definition is otherwise close to the packet, but the requested sense is a medical analgesia term rather than a cognition term.; The packet describes lockout/“lockout interval” as part of patient-controlled analgesia (a pharmacologic/medical pain-management mechanism), not as something in the domain of cognition (the packet does not support placing this term under the requested field: cognition).; The packet supports patient-controlled analgesia, but it does not support the field label \"cognition\" for this sense of \"lockout\".","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Analgesia, Patient-Controlled” (D016058).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"24bfb97ac8a5048cd92f31b8864a268f277df4ea97a415d4bc72f3c2e5dc1954","record_id":"D016058","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D016058"}],"status":"dropped","term":"lockout"},{"id":"loss-of-consciousness","reason":"The definition’s first sentence presents a general definition of “loss of consciousness” (unconsciousness because the brain is not getting enough blood or oxygen), but the packet only discusses this mechanism in the specific context of G-force–induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC), not loss of consciousness in general.; The mechanism “because the brain is not getting enough blood or oxygen” is only indirectly supported via “cerebral hypoxia” and “disturbing blood supply to the brain” in relation to high G-force, rather than stated as the general cause of loss of consciousness.; The packet supports gravity-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC), not the general term “loss of consciousness”; the definition generalizes beyond the source context.; “Because the brain is not getting enough blood or oxygen” is only loosely supported by the packet’s statement that high G-force can cause cerebral hypoxia and disturb blood supply; it is not presented as a general definition of loss of consciousness.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Park Jinhee; Yun Chul; Kang Seungcheol. Physical Condition Does Not Affect Gravity-Induced Loss of Consciousness during Human Centrifuge Training in Well-Experienced Young Aviators. 2016; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0147921; article XML SHA-256 9d3b2f900980745d5f7c9b4a95f619a382a0bb301eafd3712c3701d0d1609554. “Physical Condition Does Not Affect Gravity-Induced Loss of Consciousness during Human Centrifuge Training in Well-Experienced Young Aviators” (10.1371/journal.pone.0147921).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"674ac21da01b6665b4d26b1ce114c0417a4da1017a670c3e796531f18cb30698","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0147921","revision":"2016; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0147921; article XML SHA-256 9d3b2f900980745d5f7c9b4a95f619a382a0bb301eafd3712c3701d0d1609554","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc4727924","source_snapshot_sha256":"9d3b2f900980745d5f7c9b4a95f619a382a0bb301eafd3712c3701d0d1609554","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147921"}],"status":"dropped","term":"loss of consciousness"},{"id":"ludiomil","reason":"The packet identifies Ludiomil as the hydrochloride salt form of maprotiline, not as a brand name.; The packet text supports that the substance is maprotiline hydrochloride and that it is a tetracyclic antidepressant related to tricyclic antidepressants, but it does not state that “Ludiomil” is a brand name for maprotiline hydrochloride.; “Brand name” is unsupported by the supplied source text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Maprotiline Hydrochloride” (C47594).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"da1a2ab91de9bcbfdf8b2afe43a906ed2425418e17be7350d7976da8bdde540a","record_id":"C47594","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Ludiomil"},{"id":"lunesta","reason":"Because the brand-name equivalence is not supported by the packet, the first substantive claim of the definition is not defensible from the provided source.; The definition adds a brand-name relationship that is not supported by the supplied source text; a citation/term match alone is not enough.; The packet does not explicitly state that “Lunesta” is the brand name for eszopiclone; it only provides information about “Eszopiclone.”; The packet supports eszopiclone and its hypnotic/sedative mechanism, but it does not explicitly state that Lunesta is the brand name for eszopiclone.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Eszopiclone” (C65545).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"9d8b3f7859e8aa4bcfdff3f28a21d88a00736c7803fd39ecd7c7d091315672de","record_id":"C65545","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Lunesta"},{"id":"macroglia","reason":"The contrast with microglia is only implicit in the packet; the definition states it as an explicit distinguishing claim without direct support.; The packet provided does not support the claim that macroglia are “the larger glial cells.”; The packet supports that astrocytes and oligodendrocytes together form the macroglia, but it does not support the added claim that macroglia are the “larger” glial cells.; While the packet indicates that astrocytes and oligodendrocytes together form “the macroglia,” and that microglia are a separate (third) type of glial cell, it does not explicitly describe macroglia as “larger,” which is a substantive distinction in the definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Microglia” (D017628).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"b6df82e410c3b6e6338c40c7f792f667720223174c0cdc80eb5a75999d3dc9a0","record_id":"D017628","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D017628"}],"status":"dropped","term":"macroglia"},{"id":"macrosystem","reason":"The added contrast with “beyond immediate family, community, or policy settings” is not supported; the packet places policy at the exosystem level, but does not define macrosystem by excluding those settings or by extending the sense to broader mental-health coping in that phrasing.; The definition’s phrasing about “shared cultural values and wider belief systems” is partly consistent with “cultural values and systemic belief structures,” but the added claims about scope (“beyond immediate family, community, or policy settings”) are not substantiated by the provided text.; The packet only explicitly characterizes the macrosystem as “cultural values and systemic belief structures.” The definition adds additional framing not supported in the packet, including that it is “the broadest level of influence,” and that it shapes people’s experiences/responses “beyond immediate family, community, or policy settings.”; The packet supports macrosystem-level cultural values and systemic belief structures, but it does not explicitly support calling this the broadest level or stating that it shapes people’s experiences and responses in that general way.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Sharif Naubahar; Chen Wenjin; Niu Mengyuan. Mental health problems among ethnic minorities during public crises: a systematic review of coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1822085; article XML SHA-256 2d51a2bf23cb3ce69013289c7d0723ad2375ab259740a4d465ff1682bfa670e8. “Mental health problems among ethnic minorities during public crises: a systematic review of coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic” (10.3389/fpubh.2026.1822085).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a9a968adf7d45b345f2f7d94136924babb330347ecd27aae01e1ba4c21c38b86","record_id":"10.3389/fpubh.2026.1822085","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1822085; article XML SHA-256 2d51a2bf23cb3ce69013289c7d0723ad2375ab259740a4d465ff1682bfa670e8","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13265332","source_snapshot_sha256":"2d51a2bf23cb3ce69013289c7d0723ad2375ab259740a4d465ff1682bfa670e8","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1822085"}],"status":"dropped","term":"macrosystem"},{"id":"major-depressive-disorder","reason":"The definition omits a key criterion in the packet: the disorder requires five or more symptoms during the same 2-week period, not just a 2-week period with some listed symptoms.; The packet states that the disorder requires “five (or more) of the following symptoms” during the same 2-week period, but the definition does not include this requirement (it only requires at least two weeks with depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure).; The packet’s symptom descriptions include frequency qualifiers (e.g., “most of the day, nearly every day”), whereas the definition summarizes symptoms more generally without matching those qualifiers—making it less defensible relative to the packet.; The symptom list is only partly supported as written because the packet specifies additional qualifying frequency/threshold wording (for example, nearly every day for several symptoms), which the definition leaves out.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Depressive Disorder, Major” (D003865).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"f565e1993a71b6bc8e184bedab20bcd32e6990a20290f09d26877b80f1d8852b","record_id":"D003865","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D003865"}],"status":"dropped","term":"major depressive disorder"},{"id":"management-information-systems","reason":"Claims about “health records, stock monitoring, and supply chain tracking” are only supported within the context of vaccine management systems; the packet supports features such as longitudinal health records and automated inventory/stock monitoring for immunization, but does not substantiate these as general, defining features of MIS broadly.; The added examples of health records, stock monitoring, and supply chain tracking are only partially supported in the vaccine/immunization context; the definition overgeneralizes them beyond the source’s scope.; The asserted purposes “improve record-keeping, reduce waste, and support more efficient service delivery” are only supported in the packet as outcomes of implementing the vaccine management information systems (e.g., reducing wastage, enhancing record-keeping, optimizing supply chain efficiency), not as general MIS aims.; The citation-specific examples (e.g., “in the source material, they include…”) are consistent with the packet’s vaccine context, but the definition’s wording broadens beyond what the packet explicitly establishes.; The definition’s general characterization of management information systems as “organized digital or paper-based systems used to collect, track, and share information needed to manage services and resources” is not clearly supported by the provided packet, which focuses on vaccine management/logistics management information systems in LMICs rather than a general MIS definition.; The packet supports vaccine management/digital logistics management information systems in immunization, not the broad general definition of management information systems across services and resources.; “Paper-based systems” is not supported by the source packet, which discusses digital, electronic, online/offline, and integrated systems.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Qadeer Amatullah Sana; AY Nirupama; Paulson Winnie; Rachel Jennifer; Nanda Lipika; Dutta Ambarish; Rout Sarit Kumar. Vaccine management systems with a focus on cold chain management and delivery of immunization services in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0350231; article XML SHA-256 dc95eb3761ff912aa69dae5927ec819e327be9448cd1a94fae051ee02975ddc3. “Vaccine management systems with a focus on cold chain management and delivery of immunization services in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review” (10.1371/journal.pone.0350231).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"6e53b780e8bab0edc960ae28ecb41e88c17629c70fb6d256665dd170bc797a35","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0350231","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0350231; article XML SHA-256 dc95eb3761ff912aa69dae5927ec819e327be9448cd1a94fae051ee02975ddc3","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13271511","source_snapshot_sha256":"dc95eb3761ff912aa69dae5927ec819e327be9448cd1a94fae051ee02975ddc3","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0350231"}],"status":"dropped","term":"management information systems"},{"id":"mannwhitney-u-test","reason":"The packet does not provide the definition or general description of the Mann–Whitney U test (e.g., that it “examines whether two groups differ on a measured variable”); it only states that the Mann–Whitney U test was “used to analyze the data.”; The packet does support that the Mann–Whitney U test was used in this study involving “body shape perceptions and fat phobia,” but the definition also adds additional general claims about what the test does that are not explicitly supported by the provided packet.; The packet supports that the Mann–Whitney U test was used to analyze the study data and to examine group differences, but it does not define the test as a general method for determining whether two groups differ on a measured variable.; The second sentence is supported in substance, but the first sentence adds an unsourced general definition rather than staying strictly within the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Sayin Temur Canan; Koc Mustafa Can; Iconomescu Teodora Mihaela; Talaghir Laurentiu-Gabriel. Analysis of the relationship between physical education majors’ perceptions of their body shape and fatphobia. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1709560; article XML SHA-256 0d12fd54cd9e6646b44f804a4df6adb20c3be9a2c71f362e3fc5d1d616ba1bc1. “Analysis of the relationship between physical education majors’ perceptions of their body shape and fatphobia” (10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1709560).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c746ef6a2ddd153d2ac824509ff59be57d41b58da1e03c89457d100af3872947","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1709560","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1709560; article XML SHA-256 0d12fd54cd9e6646b44f804a4df6adb20c3be9a2c71f362e3fc5d1d616ba1bc1","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12833233","source_snapshot_sha256":"0d12fd54cd9e6646b44f804a4df6adb20c3be9a2c71f362e3fc5d1d616ba1bc1","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1709560"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Mann–Whitney U test"},{"id":"manualized-therapy","reason":"The definition’s claims about “a structured therapy manual,” “standardized form of treatment,” and “specified intervention approach” are not explicitly stated or supported in the provided packet text.; The packet does not explicitly support the broader gloss that the term refers to a standardized form of treatment based on a specified intervention approach.; The packet mentions that patients “passed through manualized therapy,” but it does not define “manualized therapy” as being delivered via a structured therapy manual versus ad hoc planning.; The packet shows only that participants received “manualized therapy” delivered by licensed psychotherapists; it does not support the added explanation that this means treatment is structured by a therapy manual rather than planned ad hoc.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Kühne Franziska; Hobrecker Lea Kathrin; Heinze Peter Eric; Meißner Claudia; Weck Florian. Exposure therapy tailored to inhibitory learning principles in a naturalistic setting: an open pilot trial in obsessive-compulsive outpatient care. 2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1328850; article XML SHA-256 d1f64fba8dc5c9d5f7e4d69e6f8b24c1159754423323c5d5a83d07079a74be71. “Exposure therapy tailored to inhibitory learning principles in a naturalistic setting: an open pilot trial in obsessive-compulsive outpatient care” (10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1328850).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"aeb19ffbc92807cd34d4e7eb7beaaa74dbc44d5f30493437ec4867fe8d5d6acf","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1328850","revision":"2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1328850; article XML SHA-256 d1f64fba8dc5c9d5f7e4d69e6f8b24c1159754423323c5d5a83d07079a74be71","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11129681","source_snapshot_sha256":"d1f64fba8dc5c9d5f7e4d69e6f8b24c1159754423323c5d5a83d07079a74be71","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1328850"}],"status":"dropped","term":"manualized therapy"},{"id":"marital-adjustment","reason":"Although the second sentence’s claim that marital adjustment is a couple-related outcome positively linked with dyadic coping is partially supported (the study reports dyadic coping positively correlated with marital adjustment), the definition as a whole is not defensible because the core definitional wording is unsupported.; The definition is partly interpretive rather than strictly supported by the source; the packet supports only that marital adjustment is a measured couple-related variable positively associated with dyadic coping and mediating the relation with posttraumatic growth.; The definition’s first sentence (“how well spouses adapt to life together… quality and stability of their relationship”) is not explicitly defined in the provided packet; the packet mentions “marital adjustment” as a measured construct (Locke-Wallace scale) and references related ideas like “marital stability”/“relationship satisfaction,” but it does not provide the stated definition of marital adjustment.; The field label \"learning\" is not supported by the packet; the source is a psychology/health article about dyadic coping and marital adjustment, not a learning-context term.; The first sentence gives a general definition of marital adjustment as how well spouses adapt to life together and as reflecting relationship quality and stability, but the packet does not define the term that way.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zhang Qi; Cao Heng. Relationships between dyadic coping, marital adjustment, and post-traumatic growth in patients with maintenance hemodialysis patients and their spouses. 2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1487355; article XML SHA-256 f450d7e8ba07fc1e888563ac754c778b1bebe81dca15f6b6cd1a075757a48cf6. “Relationships between dyadic coping, marital adjustment, and post-traumatic growth in patients with maintenance hemodialysis patients and their spouses” (10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1487355).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"57b5634d87d4d038ef4b37aa7b33d7a93caf5e703b552a894aeea4291c236f68","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1487355","revision":"2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1487355; article XML SHA-256 f450d7e8ba07fc1e888563ac754c778b1bebe81dca15f6b6cd1a075757a48cf6","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11608981","source_snapshot_sha256":"f450d7e8ba07fc1e888563ac754c778b1bebe81dca15f6b6cd1a075757a48cf6","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1487355"}],"status":"dropped","term":"marital adjustment"},{"id":"marsupial","reason":"The claim about Thylacinus is supported only as an example of a carnivorous marsupial; the packet does not support the broader definitional wording in the first sentence.; The definition’s taxonomic framing (order/affiliation) and the claim about marsupials as one of several separate mammalian orders are not supported by the provided text.; The packet does not define “marsupial” as such; it only mentions “Marsupialia” as one of three mammalian orders in an example about convergent resemblance.; The packet does not define “marsupial” as “a mammal belonging to the distinct order Marsupialia,” nor does it state that marsupials are a taxonomic order.; The packet mentions “carnivorous marsupial Thylacinus” only as an example within a discussion of biological resemblance (mimicry/convergence), not as a definition of the term “marsupial.”; The statement that marsupials are “a mammal belonging to the distinct order Marsupialia” is an unsupported dictionary-style definition rather than something established in the supplied source.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Mimicry (in biology)” (Mimicry).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"8e00d389dda5d54bc8608f9d13762b715f799d668fb4bd006bd461762b1e8261","record_id":"Mimicry","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f299432e3bd9ede79ecae1c1e081133d27751e0177ca8a087833c784bf1a2f5e","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/M3defs.htm#Mimicry"}],"status":"dropped","term":"marsupial"},{"id":"mastery-orientation","reason":"The definition claims that mastery orientation is “presented as the pattern linked to incremental beliefs … in contrast to a helpless orientation linked to entity beliefs.” While the packet supports the contrast between mastery and helpless orientations in relation to incremental and entity beliefs, the definition’s broader formulation of what mastery orientation entails (learning/improving/personal growth focus) is not supported by the packet.; The definition describes mastery orientation as “a tendency to approach personal growth and challenges with a focus on learning, improving, and developing competence and autonomy,” but the packet only states that incremental beliefs are associated with a “mastery orientation” and that autonomy and competence motives mediate relationships with well-being; it does not explicitly define mastery orientation in terms of approaching personal growth/challenges or “learning/improving” as the focus.; The first sentence adds unsourced glosses (“personal growth and challenges,” “learning, improving, and developing competence and autonomy”) that are not stated in the packet.; The packet supports only the narrower point that mastery orientation is associated with incremental beliefs about change, contrasted with helpless orientation and entity beliefs; the broader behavioral definition is not established here.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Cypryańska Marzena; Nezlek John B.. Satisfaction of basic needs mediates relationships between incremental mindsets and well-being. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0309079; article XML SHA-256 85042163ac3ea3fab413361d0390c741f0006c263dd093dfe86e8cd682968093. “Satisfaction of basic needs mediates relationships between incremental mindsets and well-being” (10.1371/journal.pone.0309079).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"75897b9790ed0d13214c97740ec14fa698489d377e3b11ecfea04dafb88a1bc7","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0309079","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0309079; article XML SHA-256 85042163ac3ea3fab413361d0390c741f0006c263dd093dfe86e8cd682968093","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11329115","source_snapshot_sha256":"85042163ac3ea3fab413361d0390c741f0006c263dd093dfe86e8cd682968093","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309079"}],"status":"dropped","term":"mastery orientation"},{"id":"matched-pairs-t-test","reason":"The example about 'the same students’ questionnaire results before and after an educational activity' is consistent with the study’s pre/post questionnaire design, but the broader explanatory definition goes beyond what the packet explicitly states.; The packet shows a pretest-posttest analysis with matched pairs, but it does not define a matched-pairs t test or support the claim that it tests whether an average within-pair difference is likely to reflect real change rather than chance.; The packet states that a matched-pairs t-test was used to analyze pretest–posttest (paired) questionnaire scores, but it does not support the definition’s explanation that the test “tests whether the average difference…is likely to reflect a real change rather than chance.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Craig Stephanie; Barry Heather E; Carter Gillian; Stark Patrick; Mitchell Gary; Clarke Sonya; Wilson Christine Brown. Evaluation of a dementia awareness game for health professions students in Northern Ireland: a pre-/post-test study. 2024; DOI 10.1186/s12909-024-05656-z; article XML SHA-256 69f784cdd05bee71aa04151b763310570b1bcd1837a439b3ca7e36093e640368. “Evaluation of a dementia awareness game for health professions students in Northern Ireland: a pre-/post-test study” (10.1186/s12909-024-05656-z).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"28c1c119ddde264ed7383391ff758a886a090e12e3ba01db925bfe2c53437096","record_id":"10.1186/s12909-024-05656-z","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1186/s12909-024-05656-z; article XML SHA-256 69f784cdd05bee71aa04151b763310570b1bcd1837a439b3ca7e36093e640368","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11186248","source_snapshot_sha256":"69f784cdd05bee71aa04151b763310570b1bcd1837a439b3ca7e36093e640368","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05656-z"}],"status":"dropped","term":"matched-pairs t test"},{"id":"mathematical-model","reason":"The definition goes beyond the supplied description by introducing a specific educational application rather than staying with the supported general sense of a theoretical representation that simulates systems, processes, or phenomena.; The packet definition does not state that the representation “uses mathematics,” only that it is a “theoretical representation” that “simulate[s]” behavior/activity.; The packet does not mention “learning contexts” or describe any use in learning for patterns/processes; that portion of the definition is unsupported by the provided text.; The second sentence adds a learning-context use that is not supported by the packet’s source text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Mathematical Model” (C16870).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"5959120a55e92ddcc62c1c0e1901741ec4132c2485b521646225b40b8e52ce8d","record_id":"C16870","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"mathematical model"},{"id":"maxwellian-view","reason":"The definition adds a specific purpose (“In this context, it is used to present light stimuli reliably during visual and pupillary testing”) that is not explicitly stated in the packet; the packet mentions testing and constant retinal irradiance delivery, but does not directly characterize it as being used to ensure stimulus reliability in that way.; The definition adds a usage claim (“in this context”) that is broader than the packet’s specific statement about delivering stimuli at constant retinal irradiance with a Maxwellian view system or pupil restriction.; The field is not defensible from the packet: the source is about visual/circadian retinal testing, not learning.; The packet supports that stimuli are delivered at constant retinal irradiance using a “Maxwellian view system,” but it does not state that this approach specifically “help[s] control for changes in pupil size.” The packet separately mentions “artificially restricting pupil size,” without attributing that control to the Maxwellian view.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Heinrichs Hannah Sophie; Spitschan Manuel. Within-subjects ultra-short sleep-wake protocol for characterising circadian variations in retinal function. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0300405; article XML SHA-256 167a7dbea87504f9d9d9f0fc317d6b0f82c97353707c8955446ac4764da89770. “Within-subjects ultra-short sleep-wake protocol for characterising circadian variations in retinal function” (10.1371/journal.pone.0300405).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"d20c819865ff6b48b37f97b0e46763e4b1c1778af52d3d3609be2f69f2a36289","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0300405","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0300405; article XML SHA-256 167a7dbea87504f9d9d9f0fc317d6b0f82c97353707c8955446ac4764da89770","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12080756","source_snapshot_sha256":"167a7dbea87504f9d9d9f0fc317d6b0f82c97353707c8955446ac4764da89770","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300405"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Maxwellian view"},{"id":"mc-sds","reason":"The definition’s phrasing that it is “an assessment used to measure a person’s tendency to give socially desirable responses” is therefore unsupported by the provided packet text.; The packet does not define what the M–C SDS measures (e.g., “tendency to give socially desirable responses”); it only names it as the “Short form of Social Desirability Scale (M-C SDS)” and reports that it was included in the study.; The packet only identifies M-C SDS as the Short form of Social Desirability Scale; it does not state that it measures a person’s tendency to give socially desirable responses.; The second sentence is broadly supported, but the first sentence adds an interpretive function that is not explicitly supported by the source packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Molinero Clara; Kasprzak Agata; Bonete Saray; Gallo-Giunzioni Karla. Assessing self-forgiveness through the Enright Self-Forgiveness Inventory in the Spanish population: a validation study. 2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1179826; article XML SHA-256 666c6dbf39fcf79ac812867f04c047d13177a7919ba7fb7ffdc87d4538ac700e. “Assessing self-forgiveness through the Enright Self-Forgiveness Inventory in the Spanish population: a validation study” (10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1179826).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"d94a32eefb97e050a9e1997b8e19bce7f5850ecfe2473400c983985eb8399c62","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1179826","revision":"2023; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1179826; article XML SHA-256 666c6dbf39fcf79ac812867f04c047d13177a7919ba7fb7ffdc87d4538ac700e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10469898","source_snapshot_sha256":"666c6dbf39fcf79ac812867f04c047d13177a7919ba7fb7ffdc87d4538ac700e","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1179826"}],"status":"dropped","term":"M–C SDS"},{"id":"mechanistic-theory","reason":"The definition attributes particular explanatory scope to the mechanistic theory (“explains how words and concepts are acquired”) beyond what the packet explicitly supports, since the packet does not provide a concrete description of what processes the mechanistic theory uses to explain acquisition.; The definition specifies that bodily experience is grounded “across external and internal modalities.” While the packet discusses grounding in external modalities and the importance of interoceptive/internal features, it does not directly tie this particular “mechanistic theory” to grounding across external and internal modalities in those exact terms.; The packet does not state that the proposed mechanistic theory specifically “explains how words and concepts are acquired by describing the processes involved.” It only says the authors “present a mechanistic theory of conceptual representation” that can account for groundability and for variability in age of acquisition, in addition to existing variables.; The packet only says the authors “present a mechanistic theory of conceptual representation” that can account for groundability and existing variables in concept acquisition; it does not support the definition’s claim that this theory specifically explains how words and concepts are acquired by detailing the processes involved.; The packet supports grounding in external and internal modalities as part of the paper’s broader argument, but not as the defining content of “mechanistic theory” itself.; The phrasing overgeneralizes the theory into a broader account of conceptual representation and embodiment than the source explicitly provides.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Thill Serge; Twomey Katherine E.. What's on the Inside Counts: A Grounded Account of Concept Acquisition and Development. 2016; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00402; article XML SHA-256 fc9aa5657b62006a7a2c7ce780d870ddbcb6227b223ae9efe4b7841d1ee9411e. “What's on the Inside Counts: A Grounded Account of Concept Acquisition and Development” (10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00402).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3b3169f9e53d37fcb516bfb2f694ac45eef102e0935c2344c4e6f0f06f1315c5","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00402","revision":"2016; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00402; article XML SHA-256 fc9aa5657b62006a7a2c7ce780d870ddbcb6227b223ae9efe4b7841d1ee9411e","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc4804724","source_snapshot_sha256":"fc9aa5657b62006a7a2c7ce780d870ddbcb6227b223ae9efe4b7841d1ee9411e","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00402"}],"status":"dropped","term":"mechanistic theory"},{"id":"medial-geniculate-nucleus","reason":"Because the first sentence includes an unsupported functional claim, the overall definition contains at least one substantive claim not supported by the supplied packet.; The definition adds a general description of the term that is not stated in the packet, so the entry goes beyond the supplied source.; The definition’s first sentence claims the medial geniculate nucleus “helps carry and process sound-related information,” but the packet does not explicitly describe its function in that way; it only notes altered integrity of auditory pathways including the medial geniculate nucleus.; The packet only supports that the medial geniculate nucleus is mentioned as part of altered auditory pathways in hyperacusis; it does not support the broader anatomical/functional claim that it is a brain structure that carries and processes sound-related information.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Alkahtani Rania; Elbeltagy Reem; Hamd Zuhal Y; Abdoelrahman Hassan A B. Structural and functional brain alterations in patients with hyperacusis: MRI systematic review. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1785826; article XML SHA-256 0a2c5de9e0ca563d9714691cf12918c924a20851fcc30dcabd73537eb1453758. “Structural and functional brain alterations in patients with hyperacusis: MRI systematic review” (10.3389/fnhum.2026.1785826).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e1c35ebddbb3dd377bd1cb68c3a7f3027dc4b96bd0b4cf782fec51baa03f19d5","record_id":"10.3389/fnhum.2026.1785826","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1785826; article XML SHA-256 0a2c5de9e0ca563d9714691cf12918c924a20851fcc30dcabd73537eb1453758","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13098398","source_snapshot_sha256":"0a2c5de9e0ca563d9714691cf12918c924a20851fcc30dcabd73537eb1453758","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1785826"}],"status":"dropped","term":"medial geniculate nucleus"},{"id":"medial-preoptic-area","reason":"Field mismatch: the packet describes regulation of singing behavior in birds (molecular changes in the mPOA linked to gregarious song), but the provided definition is framed under the field “learning,” which is not supported by the packet.; The definition slightly overstates the source by saying the mPOA \"shows molecular activity\" involving glutamate and dopamine pathways; the packet only says transcriptome analyses found these pathways were highly enriched with gregarious song.; The requested field of \"learning\" is not supported by the packet content, which is about singing behavior in birds and molecular changes in the medial preoptic area rather than learning.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Stevenson Tyler J.. The molecular architecture of a complex social behavior: gregarious song. 2023; DOI 10.1186/s12868-023-00833-0; article XML SHA-256 c61ef9e3b0d1d5be54ef72ba1506fb1c7d995b33a517eb1b8bb89eb4953f6a4b. “The molecular architecture of a complex social behavior: gregarious song” (10.1186/s12868-023-00833-0).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c1f88ffc1243f6e3c884b3539ad6e5d2026927b0ea3df6fce5e07495c04b4b0f","record_id":"10.1186/s12868-023-00833-0","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1186/s12868-023-00833-0; article XML SHA-256 c61ef9e3b0d1d5be54ef72ba1506fb1c7d995b33a517eb1b8bb89eb4953f6a4b","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10623691","source_snapshot_sha256":"c61ef9e3b0d1d5be54ef72ba1506fb1c7d995b33a517eb1b8bb89eb4953f6a4b","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-023-00833-0"}],"status":"dropped","term":"medial preoptic area"},{"id":"mediation-process","reason":"The definition blends mediation with moderated mediation; the packet supports that empathic capacity moderates the indirect effect, but it does not define “mediation process” as such on its own.; The first sentence gives a general definition of “mediation process” as “a pathway in which one variable affects another through an intermediate factor rather than only directly,” but the provided packet does not explicitly define mediation in general terms (it only describes the specific mediation tested in the study).; The packet supports a psychology study on belief in a just world, prosocial behavior, resilience, and empathic capacity, not the field label “development.”; The requested term sense for “mediation process” is not fully supported by an explicit statement that matches the packet’s wording; the packet supports the study’s moderated mediation claim (BJW → psychological resilience → prosocial behavior tendency, moderated by empathic capacity), but not the standalone general mediation definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Liu Cong; Fan Wenshu; Tan Qiuyu; Yun Kai; Huang Wei. The relationship between belief in a just world and prosocial behavior: the role of psychological resilience and empathic capacity. 2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1520451; article XML SHA-256 a6a2c7b0436d6f9de31509084fb1b1cc931f95577d85f7b054eca6c15aa88b0d. “The relationship between belief in a just world and prosocial behavior: the role of psychological resilience and empathic capacity” (10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1520451).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"9ca91872d12959461a075898015f1c678ab95fd43743e5d287a4333f3b48b284","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1520451","revision":"2025; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1520451; article XML SHA-256 a6a2c7b0436d6f9de31509084fb1b1cc931f95577d85f7b054eca6c15aa88b0d","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11949951","source_snapshot_sha256":"a6a2c7b0436d6f9de31509084fb1b1cc931f95577d85f7b054eca6c15aa88b0d","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1520451"}],"status":"dropped","term":"mediation process"},{"id":"melioration","reason":"The claim that melioration is a \"usable English form\" is only a suggestion in the historical note, not a supported current or settled definition.; The claim that melioration is a “usable English form” is only implied by the packet’s remark about possible usage; the packet does not explicitly describe it as usable/usual or provide that framing for the term’s meaning.; The definition gives the meaning of \"melioration\" as \"improvement\" and \"the process of making something better,\" but the supplied source only says that the English word \"melioration\" might well be used in connection with meliorism; it does not define melioration itself.; The packet does not define “melioration” as “improvement” or “the process of making something better.” It only notes that the English words “meliorate and melioration” “might well be used” in connection with “meliorism,” without giving a general definition for melioration itself.; The second sentence attributes the meliorism idea to the term \"melioration,\" but in the packet that idea is the definition of meliorism, not melioration, so the requested sense is wrong/misattributed.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Meliorism” (Meliorism).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"dafdb7228816974c766705bd0f83e5a3078626c7f9b18d7af503e0fc00c31946","record_id":"Meliorism","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"8b32490691ea7d2008386303c38e89e7095b53d77b856c9b583bc3707f6416f3","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/M2defs.htm#Meliorism"}],"status":"dropped","term":"melioration"},{"id":"mental-health-clinic","reason":"The definition’s first sentence states that people with mental illness “receive psychiatric and behavioural health care,” but the packet only explicitly describes an intervention delivered by psychiatrists and refers to a “community mental health clinic” within an “urban behavioural health system”; it does not clearly support that this is the routine scope of services (i.e., psychiatric + behavioural health care) in general terms.; The packet supports a community mental health clinic for patients with serious mental illness, but not the broader claim that it is a setting where people with mental illness in general receive psychiatric and behavioural health care.; The second sentence adds that preventive health screening “can be integrated into routine mental health treatment.” While the packet evaluates a preventive screening intervention at a community mental health clinic, it does not directly support the phrasing about integration into “routine mental health treatment” as a general property of mental health clinics.; The statement that preventive health screening can be integrated into routine mental health treatment goes beyond the source; the packet describes a preventive screening intervention in the clinic, not a general definition of the clinic as an integrated-treatment setting.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Hwong Alison R.; Chagwedera D. Nyasha; Thomas Marilyn; Niu Grace; Quan Judy; Vittinghoff Eric; Schillinger Dean; Newcomer John W.; Gonzalez Ana; Essock Susan; Mangurian Christina. CRANIUM: a quasi-experimental study to improve metabolic screening and HIV testing in community mental health clinics compared to usual care. 2022; DOI 10.1186/s12888-022-04293-4; article XML SHA-256 9037ececff0d77e4b3576f2f79ccec7546b51fc5de5d0dc930d02d841980ffb7. “CRANIUM: a quasi-experimental study to improve metabolic screening and HIV testing in community mental health clinics compared to usual care” (10.1186/s12888-022-04293-4).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e9eb249d8b390d46d36adbc70a3b5110ae245228d261581afaf6383481094e81","record_id":"10.1186/s12888-022-04293-4","revision":"2022; DOI 10.1186/s12888-022-04293-4; article XML SHA-256 9037ececff0d77e4b3576f2f79ccec7546b51fc5de5d0dc930d02d841980ffb7","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc9644536","source_snapshot_sha256":"9037ececff0d77e4b3576f2f79ccec7546b51fc5de5d0dc930d02d841980ffb7","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04293-4"}],"status":"dropped","term":"mental health clinic"},{"id":"mental-retardation","reason":"The definition states that “Mental retardation is an older term for intellectual disability,” but the provided packet does not mention this synonym/terminology relationship.; “Older term for intellectual disability” is not supported by the packet; the packet only provides the descriptor/source label “Intellectual Disability” and the term itself, not historical status.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Intellectual Disability” (D008607).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"ce3443795a1fb05e1fdb334ffa1ef6462893ff812799a8f84d96e9dc9ccee532","record_id":"D008607","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D008607"}],"status":"dropped","term":"mental retardation"},{"id":"mental","reason":"Although the core phrasing is supported by the packet, the entry should not be accepted under the provided term because the source label and text identify a different concept.; The packet supports the term/sense “affect,” not “mental”; the definition appears to define affect, so the requested term-sense is mismatched.; The provided definition describes **affect** (emotion/feeling-tone accompaniment of an idea), but the term to define is **“mental,”** so the requested sense does not match the source packet’s content for the given term.; While the affect-related claims in the definition are largely supported by the packet text (“feeling-tone accompaniment of an idea or mental representation” and “most direct psychic derivative of instinct…bodily changes”), the definition is not actually a definition of “mental” as such.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Affect” (D000339).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"c26a817ee2debb35415ea675323aa4844bc65f01148b1e140f6a390b918886ec","record_id":"D000339","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000339"}],"status":"dropped","term":"mental"},{"id":"micturition-reflex","reason":"Because the core definition of the term (beyond the idea that it can be suppressed) is not stated in the packet, the first sentence’s characterization is not fully supported by the provided text.; The added description about reduced bladder contraction and increased bladder capacity is presented as an effect of flavoxate in the packet, not as a defining property of the reflex.; The packet does not define the micturition reflex itself; it describes flavoxate, a drug that suppresses the reflex.; The packet does not explicitly define what the “micturition reflex” is as a body reflex involved in urination; it only describes how flavoxate suppresses “the micturition reflex.”; The statement that it is a ‘body reflex involved in urination’ is not supported by the supplied text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Flavoxate” (C61765).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"5df6703f91921f39aa75b3f028007c1c5a9e2ebcbe0a6f820920b21f6e4bd2e0","record_id":"C61765","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"micturition reflex"},{"id":"midparent","reason":"The added gloss about ‘studying how ancestry contributes to an offspring’ is a broader interpretation of the surrounding heredity theory rather than a statement supported directly by the supplied text.; The packet does not explicitly define “midparent” as “an averaged or mean parent formed from the two parents.” It only says the passage is “modifying Mr. Galton’s definition of midparent” and then describes “a sort of mean of the ancestry in the s th generation,” which is not the same wording or sense as averaging two parents into a midparent.; The packet supports a historical ‘midparent’ concept and later a generalized ‘mid-s-th parent’ as a mean of ancestry, but it does not explicitly define midparent as an averaged parent formed from exactly two parents.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Galton's Law” (Galton's).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"5ae900f87803bba770b35247b4adfe4165781f587276562a0e4dd25d3249766a","record_id":"Galton's","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"b08a7d608c2b629ec15138e0f72a9f9e3661c51cc4b9822c775b7314beea71f6","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/G1defs.htm#Galton's"}],"status":"dropped","term":"midparent"},{"id":"mixed-distribution","reason":"The definition adds a general statistical explanation not supported by the source text; the packet only ties the term to passenger patience in this study.; The definition’s first sentence claims a “model that combines more than one statistical distribution,” but the packet does not define mixed distributions in that way or state that the model combines multiple statistical distributions.; The packet does support that a “mixed distribution model of passenger patience” was “constructed through survival analysis” and “calibrated to reflect empirical data accurately,” but the definition adds an unverified rationale/description about “represent variation within a population” and the specific modeling mechanism of combining multiple distributions.; The packet supports that a mixed distribution model of passenger patience was constructed through survival analysis, but it does not state that a mixed distribution is a model combining more than one statistical distribution.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Yang Fangyi. Modelling taxi drop-off decisions in FIFO lanes via survival and discrete choice analysis. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0331664; article XML SHA-256 4bd458576c84491089785dca40a9cf2e8f504e3437335e9abc18a3e3606113f3. “Modelling taxi drop-off decisions in FIFO lanes via survival and discrete choice analysis” (10.1371/journal.pone.0331664).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c98c95bfac8ed7196e598c55a2cd2e2338775bc45bf2da43b059c358325ce0e4","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0331664","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0331664; article XML SHA-256 4bd458576c84491089785dca40a9cf2e8f504e3437335e9abc18a3e3606113f3","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12416705","source_snapshot_sha256":"4bd458576c84491089785dca40a9cf2e8f504e3437335e9abc18a3e3606113f3","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0331664"}],"status":"dropped","term":"mixed distribution"},{"id":"mores","reason":"The added sentence about customary norms that behavior may follow or disregard is an unsupported generalization beyond the packet.; The claim that mores are “traditional social standards or expectations about how people should behave” is not supported by the supplied source text and shifts the term to a different part of speech/sense.; The definition gives a general dictionary sense of “mores,” but the packet supports a different concept: an attitude of accepting or tolerating behaviors that may disregard traditional social mores (source label: Permissiveness).; The definition’s claim that mores are “customary norms that behavior may follow or disregard” is only partially supported: the packet mentions disregard, but does not support the idea that behavior “may follow” mores.; The packet does not define what “mores” are; it only describes an attitude (permissiveness) that is tolerant of behaviors that may disregard “traditional social mores,” without explicitly stating that mores are “traditional social standards or expectations about how people should behave.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Permissiveness” (C16971).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"21dd5cfc5327633133553b26fea6f9b88181c6c9918edd898baac0a1205ee25e","record_id":"C16971","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"mores"},{"id":"motor-evoked-potential","reason":"The definition is placed under the field “diagnosis,” but the packet presents MEPs as part of neurophysiological assessment of excitability in a stimulation study, not as a diagnostic concept or criterion.; The definition is slightly overgeneralized in saying the response is produced when the motor cortex is stimulated; the packet only supports measurement of MEP amplitudes via single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols, without defining the phenomenon that broadly.; The field is not defensible from the packet: motor evoked potential is described as a TMS-derived physiological measure of corticospinal excitability, not a diagnosis-related term.; The packet does not support the claimed sense that an MEP is “the measured muscle response produced when the motor cortex is stimulated”; it only describes measuring “motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes” after stimulation, without stating that it is specifically a muscle response in the packet text provided.; While the packet links increased MEP amplitudes to “enhanced corticospinal excitability,” it does not explicitly support the broader statement that “amplitude is used as an index of corticospinal excitability” as a general characterization of MEPs within this packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Cheng Shu; Chen Moxian; Liang Shan; Zhao Yanpin; Long Xiaojing; Meng De; Zhu Feifei; Zhang Jing; Bai Zhongfei; Ao Lijuan. Immediate excitatory effect of transcranial ultrasound intensity on the human primary motor cortex: a double-blind, sham-controlled and crossover study. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1884060; article XML SHA-256 91f29c9efea14c0d821efa2e057318adc50bbce4c01b3f45e4bf5eef23409e72. “Immediate excitatory effect of transcranial ultrasound intensity on the human primary motor cortex: a double-blind, sham-controlled and crossover study” (10.3389/fnhum.2026.1884060).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"d702ffbc7cd9f17bc587231aa52fd0d015603751bf42cebbaaa4b5ed315a9bf0","record_id":"10.3389/fnhum.2026.1884060","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2026.1884060; article XML SHA-256 91f29c9efea14c0d821efa2e057318adc50bbce4c01b3f45e4bf5eef23409e72","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13541700","source_snapshot_sha256":"91f29c9efea14c0d821efa2e057318adc50bbce4c01b3f45e4bf5eef23409e72","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2026.1884060"}],"status":"dropped","term":"motor evoked potential"},{"id":"motor-tension","reason":"The packet defines catatony as “a psychosis with motor tension symptoms, catalepsy, tetanoid rigidity,” and notes that the motor side is marked, but it does not explicitly define “motor tension” as “abnormal tension on the movement or muscular side.”; The packet does not define the term \"motor tension\" directly; it only says catatony is a psychosis with \"motor tension symptoms,\" so the definition infers a sense that is not explicitly supported.; The packet does not mention “rigid tightening” wording; while “tetanoid rigidity” is present, the specific phrasing and implied meaning in the definition are not directly supported.; The phrase \"shown by symptoms such as catalepsy and rigid tightening\" is only partly supported by the source’s list of motor-side features (catalepsy, tetanoid rigidity) and should not be presented as a full definition from this packet.; The references to catalepsy and being part of the motor features of catatony are supported, but the definition contains additional explanatory content not stated in the provided text.; The wording \"abnormal tension on the movement or muscular side of a disorder\" goes beyond the packet’s phrasing and is not established there as a definition of the term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-1039500-1051500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"17286a28f1e9dc93acb5b06e884298fd29f8521cc66f58e4097e0a24db26226a","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-1039500-1051500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"motor tension"},{"id":"motor-tract","reason":"The definition’s wording that “the motor tract refers to the part of the brain associated with large ganglionic motor cells” is only partially supported: the packet says there is a “large ganglionic … of the motor tract” but it does not clearly define the motor tract as a specific “part of the brain” beyond that reference.; The epilepsy sentence overstates the source: it reports diseased changes in cells of the motor tract in some cases of epileptic insanity, not that the motor tract as such is a site where these cells may undergo disease changes in epilepsy.; The packet only says there are “large ganglionic cells of the motor tract”; it does not support defining the motor tract itself as a specific part of the brain or as having movement-related function.; The phrase “movement-related function” is not explicitly supported by the packet text; the excerpt mentions “large ganglionic cells of the motor tract” but does not directly describe movement-related function in these terms.; While the packet supports that these cells are discussed as having a “diseased condition” in relation to epilepsy (“in the brains of the epileptic insane,” and “diseased condition … of the … large ganglionic cells of the motor tract”), the definition includes additional interpretive phrasing (“movement-related function,” “part of the brain associated with”) that goes beyond what is stated.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-1071000-1083000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"d947bcfb9748c9ccbcd6213c4b3cd3cbea02e48dfc5b36764cedfe5ecadd0c26","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-1071000-1083000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"33038e8e84860e0b9fb5c5a641f89b23a9a7cf4e7757d4aac532fb6af44cee85","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"motor tract"},{"id":"movement-therapy","reason":"The definition is placed in the cognition field, but the packet does not link movement therapy to cognition specifically—only to mental and physical function more generally.; The field label is not the main issue, but the definition should be supported by the packet’s wording and sense; here it is not.; The packet content supports that a dance/movement therapy practitioner uses dance/movement therapy to improve mental and physical function, but it does not support that this is a “therapeutic approach” in the abstract (it describes an occupation/discipline: “A health professional who uses dance/movement therapy…”).; The packet supports a health professional (Dance Therapist), not the therapy itself, so the definition targets the wrong sense of the term.; “Therapeutic approach that uses dance or movement” is broader and differently framed than the supplied source text, which only states that the professional uses dance/movement therapy to improve mental and physical function.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Dance Therapist” (C205543).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"ab03550bb88d0254be284af43592e9920f976853e76909f1e17b13690f2d6b7f","record_id":"C205543","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"movement therapy"},{"id":"muscle-action-potential","reason":"The claim that this is “the electrical response recorded from a muscle when its nerve is stimulated” is not stated in the packet as a definition; the packet only says CMAPs were recorded after peroneal nerve stimulation and used in MUNE.; The definition centers on the term “muscle action potential,” but the packet discusses “compound muscle action potential (CMAP)” and “surface-recorded motor unit potential (SMUP)” in the context of motor unit number estimation; it does not define “muscle action potential” as such or equate the two terms.; The packet does not explicitly state that the CMAP “reflects the combined activity of the muscle’s functioning motor units” in those exact terms (it describes using maximal CMAP size within a premise/ratio for MUNE, but not that specific phrasing of combined motor-unit activity).; The packet supports compound muscle action potential (CMAP), not the broader term “muscle action potential,” so the entry appears to use the wrong sense/term.; While the packet supports that CMAP size is used in motor unit number estimation (MUNE) by relating maximal CMAP size to mean SMUP size, the definition’s overall “muscle action potential → CMAP” framing is not directly supported.; “Reflects the combined activity of the muscle’s functioning motor units” is an unsupported paraphrase; the packet says MUNE estimates motor units by dividing maximal CMAP size by mean surface-recorded motor unit potential size, but does not define CMAP this way.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Klein Cliff S; Liu Hui; Xiong Yuan. Estimation of the number of motor units in the human extensor digitorum brevis using MScanFit. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0302214; article XML SHA-256 c837527d05a85919b968ec8d41e25f61ace48dc2aed01142af8b648bfb406254. “Estimation of the number of motor units in the human extensor digitorum brevis using MScanFit” (10.1371/journal.pone.0302214).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3582e2421f8de9f3575a766bdffe960b0981388ee18fffe7634dfa2024ca145d","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0302214","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0302214; article XML SHA-256 c837527d05a85919b968ec8d41e25f61ace48dc2aed01142af8b648bfb406254","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11051589","source_snapshot_sha256":"c837527d05a85919b968ec8d41e25f61ace48dc2aed01142af8b648bfb406254","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302214"}],"status":"dropped","term":"muscle action potential"},{"id":"myofascial-pain-syndrome","reason":"The claim about “lower day-to-day functioning” is a looser paraphrase of decreased functional capacity/daily activities and is not stated as such in the source.; The definition adds unsupported anatomy detail by saying trigger points occur in “nearby tissues”; the packet only mentions palpable trigger points in skeletal muscles and associated facial structures.; The definition states that trigger points are “sensitive” and that pain involves “nearby tissues,” but the packet only describes “palpable trigger points” and “associated facial structures,” without directly supporting the wording “sensitive” or the general phrase “nearby tissues.”; The requested field is not defensible from the packet: this is a medical/musculoskeletal pain term, not a development/psychology sense.; While the packet supports the general concepts of regional pain, muscle spasm, limited range of motion, and decreased functional capacity, the definition’s phrasing (“lower day-to-day functioning”) is not stated verbatim or as an exact construct in the provided text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Erkin Yüksel; Ozduran Erkan; Özbek İlhan Celil; Hancı Volkan. Readability, quality, and reliability of AI-generated ınformation on myofascial pain syndrome: A comparative analysis of ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0350402; article XML SHA-256 0a562dcf5db13c213b7e32b1a847bb3c88689bd160b25cbe2ad82a88aca5803d. “Readability, quality, and reliability of AI-generated ınformation on myofascial pain syndrome: A comparative analysis of ChatGPT, Gemini, and Perplexity” (10.1371/journal.pone.0350402).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7c11b499cf8a4835d6ad8585db3af3077246919c4ac1f01c06e02fce3ea7d0a3","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0350402","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0350402; article XML SHA-256 0a562dcf5db13c213b7e32b1a847bb3c88689bd160b25cbe2ad82a88aca5803d","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13235886","source_snapshot_sha256":"0a562dcf5db13c213b7e32b1a847bb3c88689bd160b25cbe2ad82a88aca5803d","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0350402"}],"status":"dropped","term":"myofascial pain syndrome"},{"id":"n-of-1-design","reason":"The packet does not explicitly state the contrast “within one person rather than across a group,” so that wording goes beyond the supplied source.; The packet does not state, in the definition’s terms, that an “N-of-1 design” is an approach that evaluates an intervention “within one person rather than across a group.” It only describes an “N-of-1, single-case experimental design evaluation” for a subset of three participants.; The packet mentions “within-case and start-point randomization,” but it does not explicitly support the definition’s claim of “randomization of timing and conditions.”; The packet supports that the study uses an embedded randomized N-of-1, single-case experimental design with within-case and start-point randomization, but it does not specifically support the added claim that randomization includes “timing and conditions.”; The source describes a subset of three participants and an N-of-1 single-case design, but it does not support the definition as a general clinical explanation of the term beyond this study context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Hannigan Caoimhe; Lemercier Antoine; McDermott Garret; Lydon Helena; Kennelly Sean P; Kelly Michelle. Study protocol for an observational research study with an embedded N-of-1 design: Increasing the availability of goal-oriented cognitive rehabilitation for people living with dementia in Ireland. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0322121; article XML SHA-256 a6af39093b398e0c90bf62a35606579f26b0c5ed6ade0f3e72343119d31c09a8. “Study protocol for an observational research study with an embedded N-of-1 design: Increasing the availability of goal-oriented cognitive rehabilitation for people living with dementia in Ireland” (10.1371/journal.pone.0322121).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3035e691a0719493ae77bb8b6b26ffd24db45e50963802724a0e27ab4865931f","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0322121","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0322121; article XML SHA-256 a6af39093b398e0c90bf62a35606579f26b0c5ed6ade0f3e72343119d31c09a8","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12036849","source_snapshot_sha256":"a6af39093b398e0c90bf62a35606579f26b0c5ed6ade0f3e72343119d31c09a8","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322121"}],"status":"dropped","term":"N-of-1 design"},{"id":"naglieri-nonverbal-ability-test","reason":"The definition adds a general description of the test’s purpose and format that is not stated for the NNAT-I in the packet; the packet only gives a general background description of nonverbal intelligence tests, not this named instrument specifically.; The packet does not state that it is “used to measure cognitive ability” in general terms; it only indicates it was used to evaluate criterion-related validity alongside TONI-3.; The packet does not support the claim that the Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test “measure[s] cognitive ability without relying on language.” It only refers to the test as a criterion-related validity measure (NNAT-I) used for correlations.; The packet supports that the Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test–I (NNAT-I) was used as a comparison measure in criterion-related validity analyses, but it does not define the test itself as a nonverbal assessment for measuring cognitive ability without language reliance.; While the packet does support that NNAT-I was used as a comparison/validity measure (criterion-related validity) in the study context, the definition also contains unsupported descriptive claims about what the test measures and how (language reliance).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Bildiren Ahmet; Kavruk Sevinç Zeynep. Psychometric properties of the test of nonverbal intelligence–third edition (TONI-3) in Turkish middle school students. 2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1828497; article XML SHA-256 a4a096a40e0edce8af562b432fc016fa30766ad5e78fb72ab4200f955ac5df50. “Psychometric properties of the test of nonverbal intelligence–third edition (TONI-3) in Turkish middle school students” (10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1828497).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e0230c063b340c406b6268d79cae84bd102020e283de6e03ce9fce196cbaf3ca","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1828497","revision":"2026; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1828497; article XML SHA-256 a4a096a40e0edce8af562b432fc016fa30766ad5e78fb72ab4200f955ac5df50","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13582651","source_snapshot_sha256":"a4a096a40e0edce8af562b432fc016fa30766ad5e78fb72ab4200f955ac5df50","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1828497"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test"},{"id":"native-speaker","reason":"The definition’s first sentence (“A native speaker is a person who naturally speaks a particular language”) is not supported by the provided packet text.; The first sentence gives a general lexicographic definition that is not supported by the supplied source passage.; The packet supports only the review function of a native speaker in manuscript preparation; it does not define a native speaker as someone who “naturally speaks” a particular language.; While the second sentence about using a native speaker to review writing for correctness and accuracy is supported by the packet (Rule 7: “If you are not a native speaker… make sure to have a native speaker go over the final draft to ensure correctness and accuracy”), the definition as a whole includes an unsupported substantive claim.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"PLOS: Ten Simple Rules for Writing Research Papers. 2014-01-30; DOI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003453. “Ten Simple Rules for Writing Research Papers” (b73df5f1d0f65d4b2e62).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"91a0093f837a54c622fa07a7880ad138e9f1d9b5692a160d5078104bf709d03c","record_id":"b73df5f1d0f65d4b2e62","revision":"2014-01-30; DOI 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003453","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"plos","source_snapshot_sha256":"c4210e38946ce245d6092ea406630c29e20720a565c7b6c0334d54e1eae941a4","url":"https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003453"}],"status":"dropped","term":"native speaker"},{"id":"natural-group","reason":"The contrast with an 'arranged household role' is not supported by the source packet; the passage defines family as a natural group and separately notes a household as partly natural, partly artificial, but does not frame the term in terms of an arranged role.; The definition adds an interpretive gloss ('joined by family relationship') that is acceptable, but the unsupported contrast makes the overall sense exceed the packet’s wording.; The packet does not support the claim that a natural group is “joined … rather than by an arranged household role”; it only contrasts “natural” (family) with “artificial” elements in a household, explicitly including “servants.”; The packet supports that “natural group” can mean father, mother, and children, and more broadly includes grandparents/grandchildren/relatives, but the provided definition adds wording (“arranged household role”) not present in the supplied text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Family (household)” (Family).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"774deeda587d97cbb0a787db0194b25013dfabf945c8ac039b39b23a0638f3f2","record_id":"Family","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"32b5ee87d3598562354f78726c2f4ada3454898f6293a68f9e0b237ecac64e5f","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/F1defs.htm#Family"}],"status":"dropped","term":"natural group"},{"id":"naturenurture","reason":"The definition adds a general traditional contrast framing that is not stated in the packet and goes beyond the supplied source’s discussion of sex/gender categories and the nature-nurture dichotomy.; The definition claims the source “described as an outdated opposition that can oversimplify development by treating causes as if they were separate rather than intertwined.” The packet does support that invoking the nature/nurture debate can bring “outdated metaphors and assumptions,” and it discusses separating vs entangling (\"bucket\" vs \"knot\"), but it does not explicitly state that the oversimplification is specifically about “development” being treated as separate causes rather than intertwined.; The definition says nature–nurture is “the traditional contrast between innate or biological influences and environmental or social influences.” The packet does not provide this description or an explicit definition of nature–nurture in those terms.; The packet states that nature–nurture is regarded oppositionally and that this framework has been rejected in biological and developmental sciences, but it does not directly support the specific phrasing about “innate/biological vs environmental/social influences,” nor the precise oversimplification mechanism asserted in the definition.; The source supports that the nature/nurture framework is an outdated opposition linked to assumptions about innateness and causation, but it does not explicitly support the broader gloss about environmental or social influences or about explaining human traits and behavior.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Maney Donna L.; Duchesne Annie; Grossi Giordana. Sex/gender entanglement: A problem of knots and buckets. 2025; DOI 10.1186/s13293-025-00758-9; article XML SHA-256 7d834172c36309f015f41bf4b372bf83ae4ca2df3a6da2031a77f38a0d1ad485. “Sex/gender entanglement: A problem of knots and buckets” (10.1186/s13293-025-00758-9).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2b0c3893c66c99c90f51afa8af1d72dc47b2ba7fdfdc094487fb036f6f5815d7","record_id":"10.1186/s13293-025-00758-9","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1186/s13293-025-00758-9; article XML SHA-256 7d834172c36309f015f41bf4b372bf83ae4ca2df3a6da2031a77f38a0d1ad485","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12577278","source_snapshot_sha256":"7d834172c36309f015f41bf4b372bf83ae4ca2df3a6da2031a77f38a0d1ad485","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-025-00758-9"}],"status":"dropped","term":"nature–nurture"},{"id":"need-for-affiliation","reason":"The definition adds a broad motivational description not stated in the packet; the packet is a leadership study, not a full dictionary definition of the term.; The definition characterizes need for affiliation as an “implicit motive that can shape how effectively a person relates to and leads others.” The packet supports that implicit motives (including affiliation) relate to leadership behaviors/outcomes, but the specific phrasing about “how effectively a person relates to” others is not directly supported in the provided excerpt.; The definition claims that need for affiliation is a “motivational tendency to value close, positive relationships with other people”; the provided packet excerpt does not define it in terms of valuing close/positive relationships.; The definition states it includes “show concern for others’ needs.” While the packet reports that need for affiliation was related to leaders’ ratings of concern for followers’ needs, this specific “concern for others’ needs” element is only evidenced in the leadership context described, not as a general definitional feature across people generally.; The packet supports that need for affiliation is an implicit motive and that it is related to concern for followers’ needs and leadership effectiveness, but it does not define it as a general tendency to value close, positive relationships with other people.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Steinmann Barbara; Ötting Sonja K.; Maier Günter W.. Need for Affiliation as a Motivational Add-On for Leadership Behaviors and Managerial Success. 2016; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01972; article XML SHA-256 ab413055c17d7c6f6193e49f76751be18e33d16dd56231169d74c2ed2a724afe. “Need for Affiliation as a Motivational Add-On for Leadership Behaviors and Managerial Success” (10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01972).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"1455060b08c071ce795a7a38b1bf2cd07443b7017200694904ff4e1760568d9d","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01972","revision":"2016; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01972; article XML SHA-256 ab413055c17d7c6f6193e49f76751be18e33d16dd56231169d74c2ed2a724afe","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc5177659","source_snapshot_sha256":"ab413055c17d7c6f6193e49f76751be18e33d16dd56231169d74c2ed2a724afe","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01972"}],"status":"dropped","term":"need for affiliation"},{"id":"need-for-control","reason":"Because the first sentence’s characterization of the sense of “need for control” is not explicitly supported by the packet, the definition as a whole does not defensibly match the supplied source.; The definition claims that “need for control” is an urge to “keep situations or behaviour tightly managed or predictable,” but the provided packet only references “the importance of control” as a theme in participants’ experiences and does not specify this particular meaning (tight management/predictability).; The packet uses “need for control” as a study theme tied to participants’ eating experiences, not as a general definition of a person’s urge to keep situations or behaviour tightly managed or predictable.; The second sentence adds specific study details (“this study,” “participants,” “their eating difficulties,” “alongside obsessive-compulsive symptoms and strong emotions”) that are only partially supported and overstate the source’s wording; the packet says eating difficulties often emerged in response to heightened emotions, the need for control, and/or OCD symptoms, not that these motives were specifically linked in that exact formulation.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Kucukterzi-Ali Sonay; Ludlow Amanda K; Gutierrez Roberto; Fineberg Naomi A; Gale Tim M. Understanding atypical eating behaviours in women with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A qualitative study. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0328500; article XML SHA-256 2787b9aa20f8446a38b27d2aaf1e57a2539ae56628e1572abe3aed0a8c132738. “Understanding atypical eating behaviours in women with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A qualitative study” (10.1371/journal.pone.0328500).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3fb8119169d069c4629b6ac908512acbdb65889d7b05f1df385844b5fd72f82d","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0328500","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0328500; article XML SHA-256 2787b9aa20f8446a38b27d2aaf1e57a2539ae56628e1572abe3aed0a8c132738","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13252733","source_snapshot_sha256":"2787b9aa20f8446a38b27d2aaf1e57a2539ae56628e1572abe3aed0a8c132738","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0328500"}],"status":"dropped","term":"need for control"},{"id":"need-for-power","reason":"The packet supports that power motivation/need for power is expressed in dominant vs prosocial forms in leadership, but it does not explicitly define “need for power” as “a motivation to have influence or impact.” That specific wording is not directly supported by the provided text.; “Especially in leadership” is supportable, but the definition should not present that as the core sense without making clear the packet is about leadership behavior rather than the general term across contexts.; “Motivation to have influence or impact” goes beyond the packet’s wording; the source supports power motivation in leadership and its expression in dominant or prosocial ways, but not the broader “impact” framing.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Friederichs Katja M; Waldenmeier Karla; Baumann Nicola. The benefits of prosocial power motivation in leadership: Action orientation fosters a win-win. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0287394; article XML SHA-256 c99ad818be554be16e0796008e9c6162a5a5c1af13977bf14c0e05162616dcf6. “The benefits of prosocial power motivation in leadership: Action orientation fosters a win-win” (10.1371/journal.pone.0287394).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"87005c8282f88e72ae03f8ff61f252b26366a530df8057592d1673290548803c","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0287394","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0287394; article XML SHA-256 c99ad818be554be16e0796008e9c6162a5a5c1af13977bf14c0e05162616dcf6","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10355387","source_snapshot_sha256":"c99ad818be554be16e0796008e9c6162a5a5c1af13977bf14c0e05162616dcf6","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287394"}],"status":"dropped","term":"need for power"},{"id":"nerve-block","reason":"The definition includes “usually,” while the packet does not support that frequency qualifier.; The definition’s “control or treat pain” is broadly consistent with the packet’s “manage or treat pain,” but the unsupported “temporarily” and “usually” prevent a full match.; The packet defines nerve block as “interruption of neural conduction” via injection, but it does not explicitly state that this interruption is temporary; the definition’s “temporarily stops” claim is therefore not directly supported.; The packet supports interruption of neural conduction in peripheral nerves or nerve trunks by injection to manage or treat pain, but it does not explicitly support the claim that the block is temporary.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Nerve Block” (D009407).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"bd4c6764f733d0fa8eb09740c098d5bacecdfd90703efadce43e3fb3d0c3dc12","record_id":"D009407","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009407"}],"status":"dropped","term":"nerve block"},{"id":"nerve-ending","reason":"The definition adds an anatomical characterization of “nerve ending” that is not stated in the source packet.; The definition claims a “nerve ending” is the part of a nerve cell that can provide excitatory input; the packet only states that dendritic spiny processes receive excitatory input from “nerve endings,” not what cellular part a nerve ending is.; The packet supports that each dendritic spine receives excitatory input from one nerve ending, but it does not support the claim that a nerve ending is a part of a nerve cell.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Dendritic Spines” (D049229).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"a2fe3412a2e5c74f3fb122f200082905435b44fe19cbef1dcf514c452e7b76c3","record_id":"D049229","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D049229"}],"status":"dropped","term":"nerve ending"},{"id":"nerve-trunk","reason":"The definition’s claim that this “refers to the mixed nerve stem that carries fibres onward into other branches” is an interpretive gloss; the packet does not define the term or state this referral in definitional form.; The definition’s wording (“through which fibres pass together before dividing into particular branches or destinations”) is not explicitly stated in the supplied passage.; The field requirement (history) is not the issue; however, the definition is not supported by the packet’s text closely enough to justify each substantive claim.; The packet does not provide a general definition of “nerve trunk” as “the main stem of a nerve.” It only mentions “the mixed nerve trunk” in a description of fibre course.; The packet only shows the term in context (“mixed nerve trunk”) and does not explicitly support the generalized definition that a nerve trunk is the “main stem of a nerve” through which fibres pass before dividing.; “In this passage, it refers to the mixed nerve stem that carries fibres onward into other branches” is plausible from context, but the wording still goes beyond what the source explicitly states.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-976500-988500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"7b6ed0e34363563f5995918a058fa21ad8f1f8fb40a2cc67beecf47ac696795b","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-976500-988500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"33038e8e84860e0b9fb5c5a641f89b23a9a7cf4e7757d4aac532fb6af44cee85","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"nerve trunk"},{"id":"network-sampling","reason":"The definition attributes the method as “network sampling” and describes it generally as studying hard-to-reach populations via social network information gathered during a survey; the packet specifically ties this approach to PNS in the context of estimating female sex workers’ population size.; The definition’s final clause (“using respondent-driven sampling”) is only supported insofar as the packet states that the BBS used respondent-driven sampling; however, the definition frames this within a broader “network sampling” label that is not what the packet defines or uses.; The definition’s opening generalization about studying hard-to-reach populations is broader than what is explicitly defined in the packet and should stay tied to the specific PNS use described in the study.; The packet discusses “privatized network sampling (PNS)” used to estimate population size using network information collected within a bio-behavioral survey (BBS) that used respondent-driven sampling (RDS), but it does not provide a general definition of “network sampling” as a term.; The source supports privatized network sampling (PNS), a population size estimation method, not the broader term ‘network sampling’ as defined here.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuyishime Elysée; Kayitesi Catherine; Remera Eric; Malamba Samuel Sewava; Kabano Ignace Habimana; Chukwu Angela Unna. Estimating the size of hard to sample populations: A comprehensive study on female sex workers and sexually exploited minors in Rwanda using privatized network sampling in 2023. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0329772; article XML SHA-256 097dc76226ed326ce587f4b98896d23e2c27c71de1567d3817da67ec9ef7c4b3. “Estimating the size of hard to sample populations: A comprehensive study on female sex workers and sexually exploited minors in Rwanda using privatized network sampling in 2023” (10.1371/journal.pone.0329772).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a3dc970a9d206f2943ed7b1c87c2f5da3b8b6c256169cebe16f987cc1e1d0692","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0329772","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0329772; article XML SHA-256 097dc76226ed326ce587f4b98896d23e2c27c71de1567d3817da67ec9ef7c4b3","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12370040","source_snapshot_sha256":"097dc76226ed326ce587f4b98896d23e2c27c71de1567d3817da67ec9ef7c4b3","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0329772"}],"status":"dropped","term":"network sampling"},{"id":"neuroblastoma","reason":"The definition describes the origin as “immature nerve-related cells,” but the packet specifically says it arises from “neural crest cells” in the sympathetic nervous system; the “immature nerve-related cells” phrasing is not supported by the packet.; The definition is a bit broader than the packet on origin and does not stay fully close to the supplied source wording.; The packet does not use the wording “usually develops,” so the “usually” modifier in the definition is not explicitly supported by the packet text (even though early childhood is supported).; “Immature nerve-related cells” is not supported by the packet’s wording; the packet says the tumor arises from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Neuroblastoma” (D009447).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"9fe1edbdee4d0aff3d0f2400a40eef0d5e2d52a3fb52e8c70e9e3648534dc0ac","record_id":"D009447","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009447"}],"status":"dropped","term":"neuroblastoma"},{"id":"neuroleptic-malignant-syndrome","reason":"The claim that the syndrome is “rare” is not supported by the supplied source packet.; The definition states the syndrome is “rare,” but the provided packet does not describe it as rare.; “Thinking changes” is an imprecise paraphrase of the packet’s “cognitive dysfunction”; the rest is broadly supported, but the unsupported rarity claim prevents approval.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome” (D009459).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"d8d01a115ed75c8db4c58f635759d02e81b94bdb9a951c2bff38a6b5a3e7ba37","record_id":"D009459","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009459"}],"status":"dropped","term":"neuroleptic malignant syndrome"},{"id":"neuromuscular-disorder","reason":"The definition is imprecise about the sense of the term: the source describes “a group of disorders,” not “any condition in a group of disorders.”; The packet defines the term as “a group of disorders” affecting the neuromuscular system, but the provided definition says “any condition in a group of disorders,” which is not the same phrasing/scope as the packet.; “Often worsen over time” is acceptable paraphrase of “tend to be progressive,” but the phrasing is awkward and not as clear or direct as required.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Neuromuscular Disorder” (C189005).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"5928105b0830371d94bc9b51b7eccd207c3d45c3c5ed6e49c694333b17ae2353","record_id":"C189005","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"neuromuscular disorder"},{"id":"neurontin","reason":"The definition claims “Neurontin is a brand name for gabapentin,” but the provided packet text does not explicitly state that Neurontin is a brand name for gabapentin (it only describes gabapentin as a synthetic analogue of GABA).; The packet identifies gabapentin as a synthetic analogue of gamma-aminobutyric acid, with anticonvulsant activity, analgesic properties, and an unknown exact mechanism that appears to inhibit excitatory neuron activity; it does not support the claim that Neurontin is a brand name for gabapentin.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Gabapentin” (C1108).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"a26f2817fb03d100cd7e613ff665927fbfa738a1921db93af840ee79cf490de1","record_id":"C1108","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Neurontin"},{"id":"neuroscience","reason":"The definition describes a monosynaptic reflex, not the term \"neuroscience.\"; The definition does not match the requested term sense: the packet supports the descriptor 'Reflex, Monosynaptic,' not 'neuroscience.'; The definition is a one-sentence description of a reflex pathway, which is unrelated to the term 'neuroscience' as provided.; The supplied packet content is specifically about the reflex \"MONOSYNAPTIC\" (afferent neurons synapsing directly on efferent neurons without intercalated neurons), and provides no support that \"neuroscience\" is defined this way.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Reflex, Monosynaptic” (D012023).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"225ff0c5b978e2af5548d0b20fc0094bd179a18d43105fccfc22fa938b871f89","record_id":"D012023","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012023"}],"status":"dropped","term":"neuroscience"},{"id":"neurotic-depression","reason":"The packet supports that the term refers to depression “not psychotic,” but it does not support the claim that “Neurotic depression” is an “older term.”; “Older term” is not supported by the packet; the source only says it is “a term used for any state of depression that is not psychotic.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Neurotic Depression” (C35369).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b79acda31efa11d4f4120e8051860c8a538d244b6b6b7cfcc0125a19ec38eac2","record_id":"C35369","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"neurotic depression"},{"id":"ninth-cranial-nerve","reason":"The definition states that the ninth cranial nerve carries signals involved in swallowing; the packet describes motor fibers to the stylopharyngeus muscle but does not explicitly mention swallowing or swallowing-related functions.; “Salivary gland activity” is broader than the packet’s support for parasympathetic fibers to the parotid glands.; “Swallowing” is not stated in the packet; the source only supports motor fibers to the stylopharyngeus muscle, parasympathetic fibers to the parotid glands, and sensory/taste afferents from specified regions.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Glossopharyngeal Nerve” (D005930).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"df9e939437541ad0ec8fbc0bed117831c3e75905ad45f5da78f6b5d49418f267","record_id":"D005930","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D005930"}],"status":"dropped","term":"ninth cranial nerve"},{"id":"nm","reason":"The definition introduces a generic “radionuclide imaging” explanation, but the packet’s term is specifically “Radionuclide Imaging” and should not be treated as a psychology/counselling entry without clear field support.; The provided field is \"mental health\", but the packet only supports diagnostic imaging of cancer growth, trauma, infection, or degenerative disorders; it does not provide any mental-health context or application.; The requested field is mental health, but the packet identifies this as a diagnostic procedure, not a mental health term.; The term is given as \"nm\", but the packet content describes an imaging technique called \"Radionuclide Imaging\"; the definition does not establish what \"nm\" specifically refers to.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Radionuclide Imaging” (C62667).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"fbb42ce631e66c42ff62fb973c4c884d4fb7ff8c8eeda473e42c6c71cc573eb4","record_id":"C62667","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"nm"},{"id":"nocturnal-myoclonus","reason":"The definition includes “brief” jerks, but the packet does not describe them as brief.; The definition is a bit more interpretive than the source wording; the packet describes contractions of a muscle or group of muscles and does not specifically say “muscle jerks.”; The packet describes irregular rhythm and amplitude, but does not explicitly frame this as “vary in timing,” so that phrasing is not directly supported.; The packet excerpt does not explicitly state that the shock-like contractions occur “during the night,” even though it discusses “NOCTURNAL MYOCLONUS SYNDROME.”; The packet supports involuntary, shock-like contractions that are irregular in rhythm and amplitude and are followed by relaxation, but it does not explicitly support the added claim that they occur “during the night.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Myoclonus” (D009207).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"db7650645ee167f81080510a347409e84974054767e0d20323d4c52a24abf9d5","record_id":"D009207","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009207"}],"status":"dropped","term":"nocturnal myoclonus"},{"id":"nonfluent-aphasia","reason":"The definition narrows the term to a specific subtype without support from the packet’s wording; the source only states that FTLD includes primary progressive nonfluent aphasia among its syndromes.; The definition’s wording “as supported here” for the equivalence between “nonfluent aphasia” and “primary progressive nonfluent aphasia” is not directly supported by the provided packet text.; The packet does not state that the term “nonfluent aphasia” (by itself) refers to “primary progressive nonfluent aphasia”; it only lists “PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE NONFLUENT APHASIA” as one syndrome within FTLD.; The packet supports PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE NONFLUENT APHASIA as a clinical syndrome within frontotemporal lobar degeneration, but it does not establish nonfluent aphasia itself as that exact term or synonym.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration” (D057174).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"682e4afa1c85aefb252360174539f758096c77141cb5171110b60d3c22570811","record_id":"D057174","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D057174"}],"status":"dropped","term":"nonfluent aphasia"},{"id":"novelty","reason":"Because the central descriptive phrasing about novelty’s effect (“quality of newness,” “attracts attention,” “arouses curiosity”) is not supported by the provided text, the requested sense of the term is not adequately evidenced.; The contrast in the source is between curiosity/interest in novelty and learning “for the sake of information,” but the definition adds interpretive wording that is not stated in the packet.; The packet distinguishes curiosity from “interest in novelty (Neugier)” and contrasts that with learning “for the sake of information” (Wissbegier), but it does not define novelty as a “quality of newness.”; The packet does not define novelty as “the quality of newness that attracts attention and arouses curiosity or interest”; it only mentions “interest in novelty” as one of two cases under curiosity.; The packet does not explicitly state that novelty “attracts attention and arouses curiosity or interest”; it only labels one case as “interest in novelty (Neugier)” without describing it in those terms.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Curiosity” (Curiosity).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"e6dfa713076e4532ece9dae1aa3f305c6e324f4d7bb30c24ac20ca57bae9e432","record_id":"Curiosity","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"04d1f36fce4f5912ed38aa80641c217d0eda7ef0aafd90365eeae96f1067b95a","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/C5defs.htm#Curiosity"}],"status":"dropped","term":"novelty"},{"id":"objective-indicator","reason":"The definition slightly generalizes beyond the packet by presenting a general definition of the term rather than the packet-specific sense only.; The definition’s first sentence gives a general characterization (“measurable sign… without relying on subjective judgment”) that is not stated in the packet.; The packet specifically ties “objective indicator” to distortion-product otoacoustic emissions being an objective indicator of normally functioning cochlear outer hair cells, but it does not support the broader general description in the definition’s first sentence.; The packet supports that distortion-product otoacoustic emissions are an objective indicator of normally functioning cochlear outer hair cells, but it does not explicitly support the broader gloss that an objective indicator is a measurable sign from a test that assesses bodily function without relying on subjective judgment.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions” (C184951).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"555e2e5d252a0fa4a0b3cf191d409b5bf18fdf173396ec9747cec0745d1cdb3a","record_id":"C184951","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"objective indicator"},{"id":"occupational-safety-and-health-administration","reason":"The definition adds functional claims about OSHA’s role in evaluating protective equipment that are not stated in the supplied text.; The packet does not support the claim that, “In this context, it serves as a standard-setting body for evaluating protective equipment used on the job.”; The packet only states that subjects performed an “Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)-accepted quantitative fit test”; it does not define OSHA as a “workplace safety and health authority.”; The packet only supports that the study used an OSHA-accepted quantitative fit test; it does not support the broader characterization of OSHA as a workplace safety and health authority or standard-setting body in this context.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Strickling Maddison; Zarif Nasheed; Nguyen Hoang; Moradi Khalaj Samira; MacIntyre C Raina; Packard Robert; Selvaduray Guna; Wang Yun. A comparison of fit, heat stress, oxygen saturation and comfort between a novel reusable mask and disposable N95 respirator. 2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0321538; article XML SHA-256 b55619b0e289414eea7cfb56791550ccbb26d473afca7be986be98b46ac2a22f. “A comparison of fit, heat stress, oxygen saturation and comfort between a novel reusable mask and disposable N95 respirator” (10.1371/journal.pone.0321538).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"093fe77f38c53d87985cb3fb065b20596d5cbd01faf6b85ec8f9444b59d6e935","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321538","revision":"2025; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0321538; article XML SHA-256 b55619b0e289414eea7cfb56791550ccbb26d473afca7be986be98b46ac2a22f","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc12002532","source_snapshot_sha256":"b55619b0e289414eea7cfb56791550ccbb26d473afca7be986be98b46ac2a22f","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321538"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Occupational Safety and Health Administration"},{"id":"olfactory-brain","reason":"The definition adds that the term refers to “brain areas involved in processing smell-related input,” but the packet only states that these basal forebrain and medial temporal lobe areas “receive synaptic inputs from the OLFACTORY BULB,” without mentioning processing of smell-related information.; The final sentence adds a functional gloss (“involved in processing smell-related input”) that is not stated in the source packet.; “Inner part of the temporal lobe” is a looser rewording than the packet’s “medial part of temporal lobe areas,” so the anatomy is not stated with full precision.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Olfactory Cortex” (D066194).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"7ca043518ca7802b193ea1b08777ceb9e3ea896eab50cbfe6bfe6796a40bfde1","record_id":"D066194","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D066194"}],"status":"dropped","term":"olfactory brain"},{"id":"orap","reason":"The definition is otherwise close to the packet, but the unsupported brand-name claim makes it fail as written.; The packet does not explicitly state that “Orap” is the brand name for pimozide; it only describes a dopamine antagonist/antipsychotic property associated with pimozide.; The packet supports pimozide as a dopamine antagonist with antipsychotic property, but it does not say that Orap is the brand name for pimozide.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Pimozide” (C47672).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"06f3722e982b92df02195c43e6fa3e2ff0faf639244f0679694f4fc680fd7e70","record_id":"C47672","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Orap"},{"id":"overprotection","reason":"Overall, multiple substantive elements of the definition (notably “overly sheltering,” “keep them dependent,” and the added causal nuance) are not fully supported by the packet text.; The packet does not substantiate the claim that this “can keep them dependent.”; The packet explicitly mentions “parental overprotection” with a “pattern of upbringing resulting in infantilization and prevention of independent behavior,” but it does not support the specific phrasing that the child is “treated in an overly sheltering way.”; The packet supports parental overprotection as a pattern of upbringing that can result in infantilization and prevention of independent behavior, but it does not support the added claim that it “can keep them dependent.”; The packet supports the presence of “infantilization” and the “prevention of independent behavior,” but your definition adds “encourage infantilization” and “limit the development of independent behavior” as causal/intentional effects that are not stated in the packet beyond “resulting in”/“prevention of.”; “Overly sheltering” is not stated in the source text and is an unsupported elaboration beyond the packet wording.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Encounter due to Parental Overprotection” (C183450).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3ab3f17a4dc04c305eacc629870d05a6078ed4d4fab4675423d36cbf7ce50427","record_id":"C183450","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"overprotection"},{"id":"overreaction","reason":"The definition attributes a specific source-material sense to “overreaction” as an amplified inflammatory response, but the packet uses the word only in passing and does not define it as the term’s sense.; The only clear packet support is that CD14 “may sometimes lead to overreaction and tissue and organ injury,” which is framed in an inflammatory/immunologic context rather than cognition.; The packet does not support the definitional wording that an overreaction is “stronger than is helpful” or “going beyond what is needed for the situation.”; The packet does not support the general definition of “overreaction” as a response that becomes stronger than is helpful; it only says CD14 can amplify inflammatory responses and may sometimes lead to overreaction and tissue and organ injury.; The provided source text is about atibuclimab/CD14 and preventing an inflammatory cascade; the definition’s focus on a general response in the cognition field is not explicitly supported by the packet.; The requested field is not defensible from the packet: the source record is about atibuclimab/CD14 as a pharmacologic substance and immunologic factor, not a cognition term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Atibuclimab” (C172657).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"67db355edd747fd6590c79623a52ee57991a347768ef5106b8decd818ca67121","record_id":"C172657","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"overreaction"},{"id":"p3-component","reason":"The definition contains 4 sentences, but the instructions require the definition to be one to three concise sentences.; The definition says the NoGo-P3 was used as an index of inhibitory control and that larger amplitudes were linked to better response inhibition, but the packet reports correlations with NoGo accuracy and an interpretation of altered brain–behavior coupling, not a direct statement that amplitude indexes inhibition or that larger amplitudes equal better response inhibition.; The definition says “larger NoGo-P3 amplitudes were linked here to better response inhibition”; the packet reports positive correlations between NoGo accuracy and NoGo-P3 amplitude and a group difference in brain–behavior coupling, but it does not directly state “better response inhibition” as such (it is inferred from inhibitory accuracy).; The definition’s phrase “It is used as an index of inhibitory control” is not phrased that way in the packet; the packet reports correlations/interaction with NoGo accuracy and interprets the findings as related to inhibitory control, but “used as an index” is an added characterization.; The packet supports a late positive NoGo-condition ERP at about 400–600 ms, but it does not support the broader claim that the P3 component itself generally is an EEG event-related potential; it only defines the NoGo-P3 in this study.; The wording “suggesting it may reflect effortful executive processing” is broadly consistent with the packet, but the definition compresses several study-specific interpretations into a general definitional claim rather than clearly limiting them to this article's findings.; “P3 component” in the packet is described specifically as the late positive ERP in the NoGo condition (hereafter termed “NoGo-P3”); the definition presents it as the P3 component more generally (even though it tries to narrow to NoGo-P3).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Zhang Lei; Lu Fang; He Yuxin; Tang Lin; Zhang Li; Xiang Jing; Gu Chun rong; Guo Su wan; Yu Zheng hong. Altered brain–behavior coupling during inhibitory control in ankylosing spondylitis: ERP evidence from NoGo-P3 component. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0351397; article XML SHA-256 189c15a10a844fe024ffd4e77a9fc59c69d1accaff88fc65d49f4d667bc674ed. “Altered brain–behavior coupling during inhibitory control in ankylosing spondylitis: ERP evidence from NoGo-P3 component” (10.1371/journal.pone.0351397).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f0115ab4828720ca5ac4b5981479edc60c522ad8bf716cecbcfc2d928c644274","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0351397","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0351397; article XML SHA-256 189c15a10a844fe024ffd4e77a9fc59c69d1accaff88fc65d49f4d667bc674ed","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13262838","source_snapshot_sha256":"189c15a10a844fe024ffd4e77a9fc59c69d1accaff88fc65d49f4d667bc674ed","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0351397"}],"status":"dropped","term":"P3 component"},{"id":"paleopallium","reason":"The definition claims Paleopallium is an “older” cortical region, but the packet does not include the word “older” or any age-related/ancestry sense of the term.; The packet states “Basal forebrain and medial part of temporal lobe areas that receive synaptic inputs from the OLFACTORY BULB,” but does not explicitly phrase this as an “older cortical region,” nor does it explicitly state “part of the olfactory cortex” in the definition text itself (it is only indirectly suggested by the packet’s source label/category).; The packet supports that this is a basal forebrain and medial temporal lobe area receiving synaptic inputs from the olfactory bulb, but it does not support the added claim that it is an \"older cortical region.\"; The statement that it \"is part of the olfactory cortex\" is not stated in the packet text; the source label alone is not enough to support that as a substantive claim.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Olfactory Cortex” (D066194).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"7700e01fc87df9eb78ac43b9ef7120c859a4907d00f9a3b755fc1fe873644e63","record_id":"D066194","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D066194"}],"status":"dropped","term":"paleopallium"},{"id":"pancreatitis","reason":"Field mismatch: the packet definition is purely medical (inflammation of the pancreas, acute vs chronic based on CT/ERCP, causes like alcohol and gallstones) and does not relate to mental health as a field.; The definition is otherwise supported by the packet, but the field mismatch fails the requested sense/context requirement.; The requested field is not defensible: the packet defines pancreatitis as a medical condition of the pancreas, not a mental health term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Pancreatitis” (D010195).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"b284b6d4a4a001aba71057001437c7d8ccc6de30834055bb5cc0e43253a36110","record_id":"D010195","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D010195"}],"status":"dropped","term":"pancreatitis"},{"id":"paraventricular-nucleus","reason":"The definition adds unsupported detail by describing the nucleus as a \"group of nerve cells\"; the packet only says it is a nucleus in the anterior part of the hypothalamus.; The definition’s “front part” is consistent with “anterior part,” but the unsupported “group of nerve cells” prevents passing.; The packet states only that it is a “Nucleus in the anterior part of the HYPOTHALAMUS.” It does not explicitly describe it as “a group of nerve cells,” so that substantive wording is not directly supported.; The wording \"front part\" is acceptable for \"anterior part,\" but the rest of the definition should not go beyond the packet-supported location claim.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus” (D010286).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"39773cf0a88aa771a6bcbd8e2d9e319219a07207d396c87bbf50a0812680a7bc","record_id":"D010286","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D010286"}],"status":"dropped","term":"paraventricular nucleus"},{"id":"paroxysm","reason":"The added gloss “such as an abrupt involuntary contraction of muscles” is not the meaning of paroxysm here; it is the surrounding definition of convulsion, where paroxysm is used as a near-synonym for a muscular contraction.; The definition overgeneralizes from one historical occurrence and should not present that historical usage as a broad dictionary sense without support from the packet.; The example in the definition (“abrupt involuntary contraction of muscles”) is broadly consistent with the packet’s wording, but the packet does not explicitly characterize the contraction as “sudden” or “outburst,” so that added phrasing is not directly supported.; The packet does not support the general sense of “paroxysm” as a “sudden violent attack or outburst”; it only uses “paroxysm” as part of the phrase “A violent and purposeless contraction or paroxysm of a group of muscles.”; The packet supports only a medical sense in this source: “a violent and purposeless contraction or paroxysm of a group of muscles.” It does not support the broader general sense “sudden violent attack or outburst.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Convulsion” (Convulsion).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"93b8f3dc4773d290c2cfdc6ce341102d7d9ac61acd0ade09c0b106af824d9ff0","record_id":"Convulsion","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"ec5c9a308b4bdf4025ee34c909ab4a7c68913b41e7788b4e84bc3a56bc8ca8aa","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/C4defs.htm#Convulsion"}],"status":"dropped","term":"paroxysm"},{"id":"passive-avoidance","reason":"The definition adds a use/purpose claim beyond the source’s description of the task itself.; The definition adds that the task is \"used in the study of learning and memory,\" but the provided packet text only describes the task structure (negative stimulus during training; omitted during testing) and does not explicitly support the claim about its use in learning-and-memory research.; The final sentence, “It is used in the study of learning and memory,” is not supported by the packet text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Passive Avoidance Task” (C226113).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"0227a00c41e7a88e2b1fad02b1fbe39c71d5c91d23de0a207723beb620de50ab","record_id":"C226113","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"passive avoidance"},{"id":"passive-resistance","reason":"The definition adds unsupported wording and implications: the packet says “passive resistance to demands for adequate performance” and “indirect expression of hostility,” but it does not explicitly support “avoiding demands” or “rather than opposing them openly.”; The definition’s claim that the term “appears as part of a broader pattern of … reduced cooperation in social and work situations” is not supported by the packet text. The packet mentions negativistic attitudes and indirect hostility/passive resistance to demands for adequate performance, but does not mention reduced cooperation.; “Reduced cooperation in social and work situations” is not stated in the packet; the packet instead says “negativistic attitudes and passive resistance to demands for adequate performance in social and occupational situations.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder” (C34904).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"55dab5844777cb7d124eb574e08824fe25ed8808994de086099983eeda5fd9a2","record_id":"C34904","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"passive resistance"},{"id":"patient-history","reason":"Because “gathers symptom information” is not directly supported by the provided packet text, the definition includes an unsupported substantive claim.; However, the claim that it \"gathers symptom information\" is not stated in the packet and is an unsupported addition.; The packet states that the instrument has two parts (patient history completed by the patient, and a physical exam completed by a health professional), but it does not explicitly say that the patient history “gathers symptom information.”; The packet supports that the first part is a patient history completed by the patient and that the second part is a physical exam completed by a health professional.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Questionnaire” (C100771).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b52e00b44f53630fd77c2ed315f9e62b1bcb37a2c538e8f732fe7344b0c57c44","record_id":"C100771","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"patient history"},{"id":"paxipam","reason":"Because “Paxipam” is not supported by the provided packet, the definition’s requested term sense (“Paxipam is…”) is not defensible from the supplied source.; The mechanism is more specific than the packet warrants: the packet supports benzodiazepine-GABA-A receptor binding and increased chloride-channel opening, but not the definition’s exact wording about Paxipam or its stated receptor-complex phrasing as written.; The packet content is for “Halazepam” (source_label: Halazepam) and does not explicitly provide information establishing that “Paxipam” is the same substance or even mentions “Paxipam.”; The packet text is for Halazepam, not Paxipam, so the requested term/sense is not supported by the source packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Halazepam” (C61780).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"ea860797a705a6a6a2febe5b5f02a7ac691ed384b8ca50d3bd1cbeafe31a693b","record_id":"C61780","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Paxipam"},{"id":"percept","reason":"The packet is an entry for “Idea,” not “Percept,” and it does not directly define percept as “an object as actually perceived through present sensation.”; The packet states that “objects as perceived by means of actual sensations are included under the term [‘idea’],” which contradicts the supplied definition’s claimed strict contrast between “percept” (present sensation) and “idea” (reproduced image).; The packet supports that idea is a reproduction of an object not actually present to the senses and that some broader usages (e.g., German Vorstellung) can cover both perception and idea, but it does not support the full contrastive definition of percept given here.; The provided definition defines “percept,” but the packet contains an “Idea” entry and does not give a definition of the term “percept.”; The statement that some writers used broader terms is supportable, but the definition’s framing as a historical-psychology term for percept goes beyond the supplied text.; While the packet discusses distinctions between “perceptual experiences” (called impressions) and “ideas,” it does not define “percept” as an object actually perceived through present sensation.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Idea” (Idea).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"4e8058a20b3ad62987e55f46383b2cb8c295dd01797db0b26c2453faacffee80","record_id":"Idea","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"3bc7d233c3d9a542438d25302e1dabff0d5269bb88ec9a0a60725467ad3bb207","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/I1defs.htm#Idea"}],"status":"dropped","term":"percept"},{"id":"performance-goal","reason":"Several elements of the first sentence (e.g., “achievement focus,” “behavior is directed by expectations of success,” and “value placed on outcomes or external incentives”) are only indirectly supported via broader discussion of achievement motivation/expected value theory and the broader “achievement goal orientation” construct, not a direct definition of “performance goal” as such.; The definition adds a generalized theory-style description of motivation and external incentives that is broader than what the packet explicitly defines for this term.; The final sentence overstates the source by attributing lower self-efficacy, greater concern about failure, and maladaptive avoidance specifically to “weaker performance goals”; the packet only discusses poor achievement goals and performance goal orientation more generally.; The packet repeatedly discusses **“performance goal orientation”** (and “poor achievement goals / poor mastery of goals in performance goal orientation”), but it does not define **“performance goal”** as a standalone term; the definition’s requested sense may not match what the packet supports.; The packet supports “performance goal orientation,” not the standalone term “performance goal,” so the requested sense is not securely established.; While the packet links poor achievement goals to lower self-efficacy and maladaptive failure-avoidance, the definition’s specific phrasing “weaker performance goals” is not clearly mapped as the same construct label within the packet, which uses related but not identical wording (e.g., poor mastery, poor achievement goals, performance goal orientation).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Guan Jinliang; Yu Peng; Liu Chengzhen; Ma Wangyan. Cumulative ecological risk and problematic smartphone use among Chinese college students: the roles of performance goal orientation, learning goal orientation and psychological resilience. 2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1467653; article XML SHA-256 d9900d7729c55d22562cda1b1627d5af1f392ad4d3cd5bdc639c2a3bd1c997ec. “Cumulative ecological risk and problematic smartphone use among Chinese college students: the roles of performance goal orientation, learning goal orientation and psychological resilience” (10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1467653).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"24f50148b2bfb327a8666cc76e1c496ddb476e517b84ba4cc444cd968f811289","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1467653","revision":"2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1467653; article XML SHA-256 d9900d7729c55d22562cda1b1627d5af1f392ad4d3cd5bdc639c2a3bd1c997ec","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11704888","source_snapshot_sha256":"d9900d7729c55d22562cda1b1627d5af1f392ad4d3cd5bdc639c2a3bd1c997ec","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1467653"}],"status":"dropped","term":"performance goal"},{"id":"persecutory-delusion","reason":"The definition blends a modern diagnostic-style summary with the historical account; the packet is a historical OCR passage, so the wording should not present unsupported general clinical phrasing as if it were supplied by the source.; The definition says persecutory delusion is “part of a more organised suspicious mental state” in which ordinary events are taken as signs of conspiracy and referring personally; while the packet does describe persecutory delusions as “highly organised,” “grouped and systematised,” and says the person sees “ominous signs of conspiracy in the most ordinary events” and that “everything tends to refer to him,” this support applies within the packet’s discussion of “true insane delusions of the paranoic type,” not as a general formulation matching the definition’s first-sentence specifics.; The definition’s first sentence claims a “fixed false belief that one is being plotted against, harmed, or watched by others”; the packet supports persecutory delusions as relating to persecution/conspiracy and being a “persecute,” but it does not explicitly support the specific contents “plotted against,” “harmed,” or “watched by others.”; The packet supports the historical description of persecutory delusions as highly organised, systematised, and involving suspicion that ordinary events and the questioner may be part of a conspiracy, but it does not explicitly support the opening clinical gloss “a fixed false belief.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2929500-2941500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"ed82ebebf72fd6edb787257169a0ff8ecd76babd58e6bba9cd6c7bcc202b6336","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2929500-2941500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"persecutory delusion"},{"id":"personality-deterioration","reason":"The added description that Pick disease is a dementia ‘linked to circumscribed atrophy in the frontal and temporal lobes’ goes beyond the term being defined and turns the entry into a disease summary rather than a supported definition of ‘personality deterioration.’; The first sentence (“a decline or worsening of a person’s usual personality”) is not explicitly supported by the packet text, which only lists “personality deterioration” among clinical features without defining it as “decline/worsening” relative to a usual baseline.; The packet lists personality deterioration only as a clinical feature of Pick disease; it does not define it as a decline or worsening of a person’s usual personality.; While the second sentence is broadly supported (the packet states Pick disease clinical features include personality deterioration, and describes circumscribed atrophy of the poles of the frontal and temporal lobes), the unsupported definition of what “personality deterioration” means prevents a fully defensible match to the provided source packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Pick Disease of the Brain” (D020774).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"11b51472609e3d99dde0ca361afebfea2187b20bee38808eb6e7ac7df07009c4","record_id":"D020774","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D020774"}],"status":"dropped","term":"personality deterioration"},{"id":"personification","reason":"The definition claims that personification is “linked with … the rise of beliefs in supernatural beings,” but the packet does not support a claim about any “rise” (historical development) of such beliefs; it only states that “the personification of cosmic phenomena (animism) must be cited as the origin of all such conceptions.”; The definition slightly overextends the source by framing personification as treating phenomena as having personal agency; the packet supports human-like interpretation, not agency as such.; The packet supports personification of cosmic phenomena as an anthropomorphic/anthropathic standpoint, but it does not explicitly support the added claim about the “rise” of beliefs in supernatural beings.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Demon” (Demon).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"e39d01a19be9841cdacb08de3a2584c610eace619684a7d08b98672ffd2bbf3f","record_id":"Demon","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"08d41be0452624d395f90f1dd42283fbb21304db9914d3e91ed61f0786ef092b","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/D1defs.htm#Demon"}],"status":"dropped","term":"personification"},{"id":"physiological-measure","reason":"Because of that added generality, not every substantive claim in the definition is supported by the packet’s wording and scope.; The definition’s first sentence (“reflect biological processes or strain”) is more general than the packet, which specifically defines the concept as the cumulative burden of stress on the body (and does not describe it as reflecting “biological processes or strain” in general terms).; The opening sentence adds a broad general definition (“body-based indicator used to reflect biological processes or strain”) that is not supported by the packet; the packet only defines a specific stress-related physiological measure.; The requested sense is not well matched to the packet: the source record labels the concept as “Allostatic Load,” so the definition should not present the term “physiological measure” as if it were the named concept without that distinction.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Allostatic Load” (C219641).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"398512a0600c607747019ab8f18267868bf9fbd4685454f1f1946eb0b7979bc1","record_id":"C219641","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"physiological measure"},{"id":"pierre-robin-sequence","reason":"The definition adds an outcome-oriented clinical claim about breathing support/intubation difficulty in babies that is supported only in the packet’s anesthesia/airway-management context, not as a general dictionary sense for a mental health entry.; The field is not defensible: Pierre Robin sequence is a congenital airway/anatomical condition, not a mental health term.; The term “Pierre Robin sequence” in the packet is described as a rare congenital syndrome/medical airway condition (micrognathia, glossoptosis, airway obstruction), not as something within “mental health,” so the provided field is not defensible based on the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Irouschek Andrea; Moritz Andreas; Kremer Sven; Fuchte Tobias; Danzl Anja; Schmidt Joachim; Golditz Tobias. An approach to difficult airway in infants: Comparison of GlideScope ® Spectrum LoPro, GlideScope ® Spectrum Miller and conventional Macintosh and Miller blades in a simulated Pierre Robin sequence performed by 90 anesthesiologists. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0288816; article XML SHA-256 c80494f237d16db95c8994ea49db72c3ce6919fb3941ffcbd6fa9ac6fae293f5. “An approach to difficult airway in infants: Comparison of GlideScope ® Spectrum LoPro, GlideScope ® Spectrum Miller and conventional Macintosh and Miller blades in a simulated Pierre Robin sequence performed by 90 anesthesiologists” (10.1371/journal.pone.0288816).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"1631f1541c252e999d9d0ae915705871e189c4e163ad1652a8121493432a1704","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0288816","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0288816; article XML SHA-256 c80494f237d16db95c8994ea49db72c3ce6919fb3941ffcbd6fa9ac6fae293f5","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10399777","source_snapshot_sha256":"c80494f237d16db95c8994ea49db72c3ce6919fb3941ffcbd6fa9ac6fae293f5","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288816"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Pierre Robin sequence"},{"id":"population-mean","reason":"The packet does not define “population mean” as the average value for an entire population; it only mentions “the population mean” in the statement that “The sample mean is an unbiased estimate of the population mean.”; The packet supports that the sample mean is an unbiased estimate of the population mean, but it does not explicitly define the population mean as “the average value for an entire population.”; The packet supports the idea that the sample mean estimates the population mean, but the definition’s first sentence (about what the population mean is) is unsupported by the provided packet.; The phrase “in research methods” adds a field-specific framing that is not stated in the source text, even though the term fits the field.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Online Statistics Education, version 2 (David M. Lane, project leader). Version 2; publisher statement snapshot 2026-10-18; SHA-256 0dcad9ee85f61f9e2bb24d26279de155ac749164ea4da2a3bffeabcf9ea471a6. “Bias” (bias.html).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://onlinestatbook.com/2/index.html","packet_hash":"550094092595763787e0ca94620ae09583d6d2324f440f767f135c3e87e436bd","record_id":"bias.html","revision":"Version 2; publisher statement snapshot 2026-10-18; SHA-256 0dcad9ee85f61f9e2bb24d26279de155ac749164ea4da2a3bffeabcf9ea471a6","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"onlinestatbook-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"8ca9117a68d2e19e2df3fdf087a2ea670a39a8c548b8d3729862bc66042fbfb6","url":"https://onlinestatbook.com/2/glossary/bias.html"}],"status":"dropped","term":"population mean"},{"id":"population-variance","reason":"No content in the packet explicitly links the term “population variance” to the described research use in the definition.; The definition’s claim that a bias correction is applied because a sample does not include the whole population is not stated in those terms in the supplied packet.; The packet discusses Bessel’s correction and estimation in the context of effect size calculations (and standardized mean differences), not “sample variance used to estimate population variance” in general.; The packet only mentions population variance in the context of Bessel’s correction for estimating it; it does not define population variance as the variance of an entire population or explain it as variation around the population mean.; The packet text does not define “population variance” or explain its meaning as variance across an entire population around a population mean.; The statement that sample variance is used to estimate population variance with a bias correction is partly supported, but the definition adds broader explanatory content that is not supported by the packet and goes beyond the cited passage.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Frontiers: Calculating and reporting effect sizes to facilitate cumulative science. 2013 volume 4; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863. “Calculating and reporting effect sizes” (9b939b04f5240b5c5c85).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3c3b47e1797641ba38621184cc5dfcc0a7d642a19782a99f20e8b00f71a00993","record_id":"9b939b04f5240b5c5c85","revision":"2013 volume 4; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"frontiers","source_snapshot_sha256":"f2e51782a66eebcd47f09f5d4ce87bbd24842742901d81ef6f0f1f2643ab1c96","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00863/full"}],"status":"dropped","term":"population variance"},{"id":"positive-and-negative-affect-schedule","reason":"The definition adds “general tendency” language that is broadly consistent with trait affectivity, but the packet does not state this as a general tendency in those terms; it frames PANAS as measuring trait positive affect and trait negative affect.; The packet excerpt states PANAS is designed to measure two distinct temperamental/personality traits (trait positive affect and trait negative affect), and it provides examples of the PA and NA affective states; however, it does not explicitly describe PANAS as a “self-report measure” in the supplied text.; The packet supports PANAS as a measure of trait positive affect and trait negative affect, but it does not explicitly support describing it as a self-report measure.; The wording “used to assess” and the examples of enthusiastic, alert, anxiety, anger, fear, and guilt are supported, but the full definition combines supported and unsupported claims in a way that is not fully grounded in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Hovmand Oliver Rumle; Reinholt Nina; Christensen Anne Bryde; Eskildsen Anita; Bach Bo; Arendt Mikkel; Poulsen Stig; Hvenegaard Morten; Arnfred Sidse M.. Affectivity in danish patients with emotional disorders: assessing the validity of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). 2023; DOI 10.1186/s12888-023-05450-z; article XML SHA-256 a4c254b810cbe98f16f8e0b9976872090fcc0866a751fbe64ec452215e4c6f15. “Affectivity in danish patients with emotional disorders: assessing the validity of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)” (10.1186/s12888-023-05450-z).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"318949a1021fdae40e61f12c9e807803710f60732dccc2fd9fe6c238b462072d","record_id":"10.1186/s12888-023-05450-z","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1186/s12888-023-05450-z; article XML SHA-256 a4c254b810cbe98f16f8e0b9976872090fcc0866a751fbe64ec452215e4c6f15","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc10720164","source_snapshot_sha256":"a4c254b810cbe98f16f8e0b9976872090fcc0866a751fbe64ec452215e4c6f15","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05450-z"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Positive and Negative Affect Schedule"},{"id":"positive-regard","reason":"The definition shifts the sense from an assessment instrument to a personal attitude, which is not the same term sense supported by the source.; The packet defines this as a rating scale in the Behavior Assessment System for Children, not as the underlying feelings themselves.; The packet supports measuring a subject’s “positive regard towards parents” and feeling “esteemed” by them, but it does not explicitly support the wording “valued and respected.” In particular, “respected” is not stated in the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Relations with Parents Scale” (C121287).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2c56f3f13ba3b67202601d62f6fa42a3a774850cb066233ce444a1137fdbbff3","record_id":"C121287","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"positive regard"},{"id":"positive-reinforcement","reason":"Adds unsupported detail that positive reinforcement involves giving a reward after the behavior; the packet only says it is for a desired action, behavior, or response.; Because key elements of the definition (timing “after” and intent “to encourage”) are not present in the provided packet text, the definition is not fully supported.; The explanatory phrase 'to encourage it' is not stated in the packet and goes beyond the supplied wording.; The packet does not explicitly support the claims that the purpose is “to encourage it.”; The packet only defines “Positive reinforcement for a desired action, behavior or response” and does not explicitly state that it involves “giving a reward after” the action/behavior.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Reward” (C99754).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"74ed46d72fa2562f37640356a7b888f5997cee003809dd1a6b6de1d4de851e85","record_id":"C99754","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"positive reinforcement"},{"id":"positive-relationship","reason":"Because the definition’s first sentence includes that specific interpretation (directional ‘higher with higher’), that substantive claim is not directly supported by the provided packet.; The definition generalizes from the packet’s statement about perfect positive relationship to a broader definition of positive relationship without direct support.; The packet states that Pearson’s correlation ranges from -1 (perfect negative) to +1 (perfect positive) and that it measures the strength of the linear relationship, but it does not explicitly define a positive relationship as “higher values of one go with higher values of the other.”; The packet supports that +1 represents a perfect positive relationship, but it does not explicitly define a general positive relationship as a linear association where higher values of one variable go with higher values of the other.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Online Statistics Education, version 2 (David M. Lane, project leader). 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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Social Status” (D000091743).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"ea24bf1baa1f5782d25fd8bfe9ad37d325254596ce920f14f97fb29fad14a293","record_id":"D000091743","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000091743"}],"status":"dropped","term":"prestige"},{"id":"presupposition","reason":"Because the supplied packet lacks support for the requested sense of “presupposition,” the definition includes an unsupported generalization about the term’s meaning.; The packet does not provide a dictionary-style definition of “presupposition” as “something taken as already given or assumed in advance.” It only uses the word in the specific sentence “it is a consequence, not a presupposition” within a discussion of dualism in theology.; The packet only supports the contrast that dualism is “a consequence, not a presupposition”; it does not explicitly support the fuller general definition that a presupposition is something taken as already given or assumed in advance.; The supplied source is a historical theology excerpt, so the definition should not present the term as a settled general dictionary sense without stronger packet support.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Dualism (in theology)” (Dualism (in theology)).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"249eeaecd972fc946805f2ad79e926bc04bf2075e771d28d7a6f96a50fc1718b","record_id":"Dualism (in theology)","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f2fe440333c892f3036dac7e921edf08ac97809e721f7c5826fa40163cc7b50c","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/D3defs.htm#Dualism (in theology)"}],"status":"dropped","term":"presupposition"},{"id":"professional-development","reason":"The definition adds an advanced-practice gloss that is not stated in the packet and goes beyond the supplied text.; The packet does not state that professional development is an “ongoing process of building and maintaining” knowledge/competence/skills; it only notes that “continuing professional development” is an “expected skill set.”; The packet supports that continuing professional development is expected, but not the broader definition of professional development as an ongoing process of building and maintaining knowledge, competence, and skills.; The packet supports “advanced” practice context and mentions research/publications/mentoring/continuing professional development as expected, but it does not support the broader phrasing that this development is “needed for advanced practice” as a general definition.; The packet’s content is specifically about “advanced diabetes practice” (Diabetes Management Nurse Specialist) rather than establishing the term in the field of “counselling skills,” beyond mentioning counseling in the clinical scope rather than defining professional development for counselling.; The phrase about being expected alongside mentoring, research, and publication is only partially supported; the packet lists research, publications, mentoring, and continuing professional development as expected skill sets, but does not frame them as a package or define professional development in relation to them.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Diabetes Management Nurse Specialist” (C20835).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"dfcaffb8ad8575356d2a858ddcfb09db9ed3750746f04c6477b3c9539d10c9e8","record_id":"C20835","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"professional development"},{"id":"protensity","reason":"The definition claims that “protensity means time as it is immediately lived as a continuous stretch or duration in experience.” The packet only states that, in the first instance, time is “not… perceived as time—i.e. as continuous ‘protensity,’ but as intensity,” and does not explicitly define protensity as an “immediately lived” continuous duration.; The definition says it “suggests that some writers treated our earliest time-sense as a continuous experiential flow.” The packet mentions “the first instance” and attributes the contrast to Ward (and references Hamilton’s term), but it does not support the specific framing “our earliest time-sense” or “continuous experiential flow.”; The packet supports protensity as a term for time perceived as continuous duration or 'continuous protensity,' but it does not support the added claim that this was 'our earliest time-sense.'; The statement that 'some writers treated our earliest time-sense as a continuous experiential flow' goes beyond the passage; the source discusses one writer’s view about duration being perceived as intensity rather than time, not a broader historical consensus or earliest-stage theory.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"William James, Principles of Psychology, volume 1. 1890 original; Gutenberg ebook 57628; snapshot required. “William James, The Principles of Psychology, volume 1, 1890” (fca72454f1995c69b072).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/57628","packet_hash":"b66577ac7b2a9825c97c379dffba5a8478de6bd99bdcd23d163cfaabbd542e44","record_id":"fca72454f1995c69b072","revision":"1890 original; Gutenberg ebook 57628; snapshot required","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"james-1890","source_snapshot_sha256":"fb845d8bb07487d4cc6d14acd03104bf98cc22dcff8a877400b1534f36af37ae","url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/57628.txt.utf-8"}],"status":"dropped","term":"protensity"},{"id":"provigil","reason":"The definition states that Provigil is a “brand name for modafinil,” but the supplied packet text does not explicitly identify Provigil as a brand name or otherwise make that brand-to-generic equivalence claim.; The packet supports modafinil as a synthetic wakefulness-promoting CNS stimulant, but it does not explicitly support the claim that Provigil is a brand name for modafinil.; The remaining mechanism and cognitive-effect claims are supported, but the definition includes an unsupported identification/synonymy claim that should not be added without packet support.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Modafinil” (C26661).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"5baec55fa39c27afbc1fa24ef701b47675095720fe6d78179ea8a1f3faf0b32c","record_id":"C26661","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Provigil"},{"id":"psycholinguistics","reason":"The packet explicitly mentions individuals who “select and interpret” messages, but it does not explicitly support the definition’s inclusion of “produce, receive.”; The packet supports encoding/decoding in relation to messages and communicators (encoding via “phonetics” and decoding via “psychoacoustics”), but it does not directly support the specific framing that the process involves “turning thoughts into speech sounds.”; The phrasing about ‘turning thoughts into speech sounds’ and ‘interpreting those sounds back into meaning’ is more specific than the packet, which only says psycholinguistics concerns relations between messages and communicators and the processes of encoding and decoding.; ‘Mental and perceptual processes’ is not stated in the packet and adds an unsupported generalization about the field.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Psycholinguistics” (D011578).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"e5cd3ad8a57114a1be48fe108257da4b2d846be84d21e9d9fe80a2c868a8d8a1","record_id":"D011578","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D011578"}],"status":"dropped","term":"psycholinguistics"},{"id":"psychological-field","reason":"The definition presents a concept-style gloss rather than a source-grounded historical definition, and it goes beyond the supplied passage's wording.; The definition therefore adds multiple specific explanatory elements (distinctness from bodily/neurological events; the particular set of processes as the referent) that are not provided or supported in the supplied text.; The examples in the packet are limited to topics James says will be treated in later chapters (instinct, stream of thought, attention, discrimination, association, memory, aesthetics, will); the definition adds a broader modern gloss about what psychology studies that is not explicitly stated here.; The packet does not explicitly define “psychological field” as “matters studied by psychology” or as a broad domain encompassing “thought, attention, memory, and will.” While it mentions chapters on topics including “Attention,” “Memory,” and “Will,” it does not state that these are what “psychological field” refers to.; The packet does not support the claim that “psychological field” means “the sphere or domain of mental life and psychological processes, as distinct from bodily or neurological events.” It only contains the phrase “purely psychological field,” without defining it that way.; The packet only supports the phrase \"purely psychological field\" in a general historical sense; it does not define the term as a distinct \"sphere or domain of mental life\" contrasted with bodily or neurological events.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"William James, Principles of Psychology, volume 1. 1890 original; Gutenberg ebook 57628; snapshot required. “William James, The Principles of Psychology, volume 1, 1890” (fca72454f1995c69b072).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/57628","packet_hash":"2243f4e2cdcdd53ccfbefe78952cf6736b01e41dfb047402a51104cbec7e9543","record_id":"fca72454f1995c69b072","revision":"1890 original; Gutenberg ebook 57628; snapshot required","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"james-1890","source_snapshot_sha256":"fb845d8bb07487d4cc6d14acd03104bf98cc22dcff8a877400b1534f36af37ae","url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/57628.txt.utf-8"}],"status":"dropped","term":"psychological field"},{"id":"psychological-treatment","reason":"The definition adds unsupported generalization by defining psychological treatment as \"care\" provided within a psychologist’s professional practice; the packet only mentions psychological treatment as one competency of a psychologist.; The packet describes a clinical psychologist as a professional group, not the term \"psychological treatment\" itself, so the requested sense is not supported.; The packet supports that a psychologist with accredited training provides psychological treatment of mental health, behavioral, and emotional disorders, but it does not explicitly state that psychological treatment is “care for” such disorders or that it is “provided within a psychologist’s professional practice.”; The phrase \"mental health, behavioral, and emotional disorders\" is supported, but the rest of the definition goes beyond the source and is not defensible from the packet alone.; “within a psychologist’s professional practice” is added wording not supported in the supplied packet text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Clinical Psychologist” (C204368).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3591d8fcb7bd7ce9d08f07e91947780357f4ac053f12482198d0875f818d8f7d","record_id":"C204368","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"psychological treatment"},{"id":"psychometry","reason":"The definition’s claim that psychometry “refers to what the same classification also calls mental chronometry” is only partially supported: the packet links psychometry to “Time Relations” and includes “Mental Chronometry,” but it does not explicitly equate psychometry with mental chronometry or state that psychometry is the same as what that classification calls mental chronometry.; The packet only shows a cross-reference: “PsYchometry (see Time Relations, IV. 6)” and separately lists “Time Relations of Consciousness; Mental Chronometry.” It does not state that psychometry is “used for the measurement of mental processes” or that it is specifically “in their time relations,” so the definition’s main substantive claim is not supported by the provided text.; The packet only shows a cross-reference: “Psychometry (see Time Relations, IV. 6)” and the related heading “Time Relations of Consciousness; Mental Chronometry.” It does not explicitly state that psychometry means measurement of mental processes in their time relations, so the definition adds unsupported wording.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-2205000-2217000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"9ef5805334bcbbeca67689b0b05283c93ca2ccc4d597148b82ba6bbfc5a546a7","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-2205000-2217000","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"psychometry"},{"id":"psychosocial-factors","reason":"Field mismatch: the packet frames psycho-oncology as including ethical aspects of cancer, but the definition provided does not mention ethics and is not supported by the packet as an ethics-related meaning for “psychosocial factors.”; The first sentence gives a broad, general characterization (“influences that involve a person’s psychological and social circumstances”) that is only indirectly implied by the packet’s phrasing about interrelationships, not stated as the term’s definition in the packet.; The opening gloss broadens “psychosocial factors” into a general definition of influences involving psychological and social circumstances, which is an unsupported extrapolation from the packet.; The packet does not define the standalone term “psychosocial factors”; it only says psycho-oncology examines “behavioral and psychosocial factors,” so the requested sense is not directly supported.; The packet’s context is psycho-oncology/cancer, not ethics, so the field assignment is not supported by the source record.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Psycho-Oncology” (D000073320).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"def58de195a1ab1242e2dc83886ec616498ef11509e24f315da2bc39664da8fe","record_id":"D000073320","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000073320"}],"status":"dropped","term":"psychosocial factors"},{"id":"ptsd","reason":"The packet supports a class of post-traumatic stress disorders with symptoms lasting more than one month, but it does not support the added claim that the symptoms continue for longer than one month after trauma.; The packet supports that PTSD is a class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms lasting more than one month, but it does not explicitly state that the symptoms last “after trauma.”; The source text describes a class/descriptor rather than the singular definitional statement made about PTSD itself.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic” (D013313).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"96654beab32fc03d30878609667b247316021d7b3fc9005fd69a6737b8289d1e","record_id":"D013313","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D013313"}],"status":"dropped","term":"PTSD"},{"id":"pubescence","reason":"The definition’s claims that pubescence is “the period of puberty or early adolescence” and “when sexual maturity begins” and “childhood changes into adult life” are not directly supported by any explicit wording in the supplied packet excerpt.; The packet emphasizes psychological change and general physiological change, but it does not specifically support the phrase “marked by important bodily development” as stated.; The packet excerpt does not explicitly define “pubescence”; it only mentions the phrase “insanity of pubescence and adolescence” and discusses puberty/adolescence generally, but without stating what “pubescence” means in the dictionary sense.; The packet supports pubescence as puberty/early adolescence, but it does not explicitly support the added claim that this is when sexual maturity begins.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2121000-2133000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"0c557913fb2db7c19d065b4abf0688a9e0261ea68e241b0b5acf1dbed0bd6524","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2121000-2133000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"pubescence"},{"id":"pure-tone","reason":"The contrast with “more mixed or complex sounds” is not supported by the packet.; The definition adds a generalizing contrast that goes beyond the source’s specific point about sounds that are “smooth and clear” and give “pure pleasures,” unmixed with pain or want.; The packet does not support the claim that a “pure tone” is defined *by contrast* with “more mixed or complex sounds.” It only states that the sounds are “smooth and clear and have a single pure tone,” without explicitly contrasting this with mixed/complex sounds.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Beauty and The Beautiful” (Beauty and The Beautiful).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"0f3291750662ef30dcd5e31fa4db83717acd49659d3073f0158fae0a1e30d83e","record_id":"Beauty and The Beautiful","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"4c8d062abfdf752c0eb8fff8e5636450c106525754a451019787562b5c139080","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/B1defs.htm#Beauty and The Beautiful"}],"status":"dropped","term":"pure tone"},{"id":"qualia","reason":"The definition claims that qualia are qualities “contrasted with … kinds of ‘suchness’.” The provided packet discusses universals and particulars and the Latin terms *quale/qualitas*, but it does not support the “suchness” wording or the specific contrast phrased that way.; The definition slightly overstates the packet by treating this as the term’s settled meaning rather than a historical discussion of quality/universals from Plato through later debates.; The phrase “suchness” is not supported by the source packet and introduces an unsupported gloss.; While the packet supports a historical discussion beginning with Plato and proceeding through Aristotle and debates about primary vs. secondary qualities, the “suchness” element is an unsupported substantive addition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-2310000-2322000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"85b6e6610e5cbcdf66c0ccbc291c8642ba4f9a2139f7f1e0b742fa3bd21208dd","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-2310000-2322000","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"qualia"},{"id":"quazepam","reason":"The claim that quazepam lowers excitability in “brain systems involved in arousal and related functions” is not stated in the packet; the packet instead names specific brain regions and says neuronal excitability decreases.; The definition claims the effects “lower [excitability] in brain systems involved in arousal and related functions,” but the packet only specifies the GABA-A receptor is located in the limbic, neocortical, and mesencephalic reticular system; it does not mention “arousal” or “related functions.”; “Sleep-inducing effects” is supportable as a paraphrase of the packet’s hypnotic properties, but the second sentence goes beyond the packet by adding a broader functional explanation not supplied there.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Quazepam” (C47699).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"21796312244a126e075fd9b98fff200a4d0b45ed7bcbfdb6bba6585e5d9b3e49","record_id":"C47699","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"quazepam"},{"id":"rational-psychology","reason":"The packet does support the characterization “philosophy of spirit … (as philosophy of man),” but the definition adds additional claims about “philosophical study of human beings” and an “older scheme” that are not clearly stated in the supplied text beyond that brief parenthetical.; The packet says philosophy of nature is a branch of fundamental philosophy and that it is co-ordinate with theology and with rational psychology; it does not explicitly support the definition’s claim that rational psychology “stands alongside … as one of the main branches of fundamental philosophy.”; The packet supports only that “rational psychology or philosophy of spirit” is “co-ordinate with theology …” in connection with “Nature (philosophy of).” It does not support the definition’s framing of rational psychology as “a historical philosophical term” for the philosophy of spirit.; The packet supports rational psychology as a co-ordinate branch of fundamental philosophy with theology and philosophy of nature, but it does not explicitly support the added generalization that these are 'the main branches.'","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Nature (philosophy of)” (Nature (philosophy of)).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"26ba8b4dbd0781778ea8ec754ac603b5c9c9a714c70fb2f68013a035012fb5eb","record_id":"Nature (philosophy of)","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"8111b0e018b367f6f5ca8515bd8e3dba8c3426f5e73166490f56c959c5c5d3d7","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/N1defs.htm#Nature (philosophy of)"}],"status":"dropped","term":"rational psychology"},{"id":"recognition-memory-test","reason":"The definition’s general description (“asks a person to identify previously encountered items…from among alternatives”) is not explicitly supported anywhere in the provided packet text.; The packet supports that the Warrington Recognition Memory Test for Faces (RMF) is used to evaluate facial memory/visual memory in this study, but it does not provide enough information to support the broader “recognition memory test” definition as written.; The packet supports the Warrington Recognition Memory Test as a word-and-face memory measure, but it does not support the general definition that a recognition memory test asks a person to identify previously encountered items ‘from among alternatives.’; The packet supports use of the test for facial memory/visual memory in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, but the definition broadens beyond what is stated in the source without clear support.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Hosokawa Hiroaki; Kanno Shigenori; Nishio Yoshiyuki; Kawasaki Iori; Hirayama Kazumi; Sunaga Atsuko; Shoji Naotake; Iwasaki Masaki; Nakasato Nobukazu; Tominaga Teiji; Suzuki Kyoko. Facial memory ability and self-awareness in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy after anterior temporal lobectomy. 2021; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0248785; article XML SHA-256 24169d1ff8021f7474576a6a6d05ebed663ea1b1f92c70609a00cd90c290d855. “Facial memory ability and self-awareness in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy after anterior temporal lobectomy” (10.1371/journal.pone.0248785).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e011e0f44e6ca2472648f0f9a346148fd12a1debe3aa98734f7632cae26c7270","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0248785","revision":"2021; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0248785; article XML SHA-256 24169d1ff8021f7474576a6a6d05ebed663ea1b1f92c70609a00cd90c290d855","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc8016293","source_snapshot_sha256":"24169d1ff8021f7474576a6a6d05ebed663ea1b1f92c70609a00cd90c290d855","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248785"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Recognition Memory Test"},{"id":"reincarnation","reason":"Because the packet does not actually supply the requested term-sense of “reincarnation,” the definition relies on unsupported elaboration rather than only what is present in the source passage.; The claim that the source passage contrasts reincarnation with a soul “continuing unchanged through the interval after death” is not supported by the packet text.; The definition’s comparison about “a soul continuing unchanged through the interval after death” is not explicitly stated in the packet (the packet instead states the opposite for Hindu eschatology: the soul does not properly exist in the interval).; The packet discusses an “Intermediate State” and says that in Hindu eschatology “the soul perishes at death, and only Karma survives to lead to a reincarnation,” but it does not describe reincarnation as a “new embodied life” nor provide a general characterization of reincarnation beyond that brief mention.; The packet’s source text is about “Intermediate State,” not a definition of “reincarnation,” so the requested sense is not supported by the source packet.; The provided definition makes broad claims about reincarnation (“return of existence in a new embodied life after death”) but the packet excerpt does not define reincarnation in those terms.; The statement that reincarnation is “the return of existence in a new embodied life after death” is not given in the packet; the packet only says that in Hindu eschatology “only Karma survives to lead to a reincarnation.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Intermediate State” (Intermediate).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"d2ac8da72be0f45ac72e9434a0bfe7bfc682ff067bc4f0b5256b2fb99d1559f0","record_id":"Intermediate","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"d96e0643acb135408a0ecb1ea73028d70006d96ed2ecf1715dacbc69ac6008b9","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/I4defs.htm#Intermediate"}],"status":"dropped","term":"reincarnation"},{"id":"remand","reason":"The definition adds a broader legal meaning of remand that is not established by the supplied historical passage.; The packet excerpt does not define “remand” as “being held in custody while awaiting further legal proceedings.” It only describes what can happen to “a person under remand” when certified insane, and does not state the general meaning of remand as awaiting further legal proceedings.; The packet supports that a person under remand, if certified insane, could be moved to an asylum and later remitted to the former place of confinement if certified sane, but it does not explicitly support defining remand as being held in custody while awaiting further legal proceedings.; The provided definition adds an asylum-transfer-and-return sequence tied to being certified insane/sane, but the broader first sentence’s characterization (“awaiting further legal proceedings”) is unsupported by the packet text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-4095000-4107000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"1f53372676ea6f749eb1a8284974a1d524afd8c84d3a81dd41b9d304640df31d","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-4095000-4107000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"remand"},{"id":"remorse","reason":"The opening sentence is too general: the packet supports guilt or remorse specifically after drinking alcohol, not remorse in general as “a feeling of guilt about one’s actions.”; The packet does not provide a general definition of “remorse” as “a feeling of guilt about one’s actions”; it only contains a questionnaire item referring to “a feeling of guilt or remorse after drinking.”; The packet is an AUDIT item/instrument prompt, so the definition should not present a broader standalone psychological sense unless supported by the source text.; The second sentence is only partially supported and should stay tightly tied to the drinking-after-alcohol context rather than implying a general packet-specific meaning.; While the second sentence (“it refers to guilt or remorse felt after drinking alcohol”) is supported by the AUDIT item, the first sentence includes an unsupported generalization about remorse.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “AUDIT - How Often Last Year You Feel Guilt or Remorse After Drinking” (C119114).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"814ca63de3b8c0fab4fd3d40d6812c4bebc15c2b6d48df5926f3cc14e6d1f79a","record_id":"C119114","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"remorse"},{"id":"repetitive-strain-injury","reason":"Because the definition is grounded in a physical/medical mechanism and structures, its fit to the requested field (“mental health”) is not defensible from the provided packet.; The definition is otherwise close to the packet, but the field/sense assignment is not defensible for a mental health dictionary entry.; The packet defines “repetitive strain injury” as a harmful, painful condition of the musculoskeletal system (joints, bones, ligaments, nerves) associated with work-related physical activity, with no support provided for any mental-health context.; The requested field is mental health, but the packet supports a musculoskeletal cumulative trauma disorder rather than a psychology/counselling sense.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Cumulative Trauma Disorders” (D012090).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"a63261dedaa78a6c95dadd5028dc17250c565e6befb687547987142ef3623b20","record_id":"D012090","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012090"}],"status":"dropped","term":"repetitive strain injury"},{"id":"representative-design","reason":"The definition generalizes the term beyond the packet’s context by framing it as a broad approach to making research “more like the real-world setting” and “studying people” generally, whereas the packet only supports representative design as a way to address external validity in live sports decision-making studies.; The packet’s content is specific to sports psychology and external validity in “home advantage”/crowd-noise studies, not to the “development” field specified in the prompt.; The supplied source is about experimental research in sport and external validity; it does not support the field label “development.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Myers Tony D.. Achieving external validity in home advantage research: generalizing crowd noise effects. 2014; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00532; article XML SHA-256 08b42bbf5a592e6b51a91b845473a600b3731602c7c88c58ca79be6597a80fa9. “Achieving external validity in home advantage research: generalizing crowd noise effects” (10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00532).","licence":"CC-BY-3.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/","packet_hash":"60e9540d83dfd361c6ca39604cf9c683589bc85d8ab28684cc5af48625902e91","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00532","revision":"2014; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00532; article XML SHA-256 08b42bbf5a592e6b51a91b845473a600b3731602c7c88c58ca79be6597a80fa9","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc4041073","source_snapshot_sha256":"08b42bbf5a592e6b51a91b845473a600b3731602c7c88c58ca79be6597a80fa9","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00532"}],"status":"dropped","term":"representative design"},{"id":"res-extensa","reason":"The definition slightly modernizes and generalizes the historical description; it should stay closer to the Descartes-specific wording in the source.; The packet discusses this as part of “Modern philosophy” and Descartes’s dualism; it does not support framing the term as belonging to “philosophy and psychology” specifically (the definition adds “psychology” not evidenced in the packet excerpt).; The packet supports the contrast between “the inner world of consciousness” and “the outer world of extended mechanically moving things,” but it does not explicitly describe res extensa as “bodily” (the definition adds “bodily” beyond the packet).; “Bodily” is not supported by the packet; the source only describes res extensa as the “outer world of extended mechanically moving things” and contrasts it with res cogitans.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Dualism (in philosophy)” (Dualism (in philosophy)).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"a9d55365ef508b83168d22282d2408858d53341556a65acdf91904971596456e","record_id":"Dualism (in philosophy)","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f2fe440333c892f3036dac7e921edf08ac97809e721f7c5826fa40163cc7b50c","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/D3defs.htm#Dualism (in philosophy)"}],"status":"dropped","term":"res extensa"},{"id":"resentment","reason":"The added statement that resentment can be let go of through forgiveness goes beyond the packet’s wording and is not presented as a supported definition of the term.; The claim that resentment is a lingering feeling of anger in response to an offense or wrongdoing is not supported by the supplied text.; The definition’s claims about the source field (“cognition”) and the process (“can be let go of through forgiveness”) are not supported as a definition of resentment itself; the packet only supports that forgiveness may involve excusing/pardoning and release of anger or resentment, not the asserted nature of resentment.; The packet supports the concept of forgiveness, defined as excusing or pardoning an offense or releasing anger or resentment, not a definition of resentment itself.; The packet text does not define “resentment” (it mentions “anger or resentment” as something that can be released via forgiveness, but provides no characterization such as “lingering” or “in response to an offense or wrongdoing”).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Forgiveness” (D061347).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"c7544573cd93dc8fc52fba1480bfa4bbb6e2c4bafee1b08b41f4e7f4223a4023","record_id":"D061347","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D061347"}],"status":"dropped","term":"resentment"},{"id":"respondent","reason":"The definition is not aligned with the requested sense and is not supported as written by the supplied source packet.; The packet does not define “respondent” as “the person who answers the items on a questionnaire or rating scale.” It only references “the respondent’s” endorsement of items in an atypical fashion.; The packet supports an Infrequency Scale measure, not the general sense of “respondent” as the person who answers a questionnaire.; The packet supports the idea of assessing atypical endorsement for an Infrequency Scale (e.g., “endorsed items in an atypical fashion”), but it does not support the broader first sentence about what a respondent generally is.; The second sentence introduces an interpretation and wording (“pattern of answers is examined,” “endorsed items in an unusually atypical way”) that is not stated in the packet and does not match the source text’s specific description of atypical responding on a three-item scale.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Infrequency Scale” (C159492).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"3ee60cbeb6de44d8c90d56c9387933572ff85f59f1d8ace5d6038725a3ddff72","record_id":"C159492","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"respondent"},{"id":"restitution","reason":"The definition adds an explanatory contrast and mechanism for restitution that are not stated in the source text, so the substantive sense is too specific for the supplied evidence.; The definition’s specific claim that restitution “restores what was lost through a violation of rights” is not supported by the packet text.; The packet does not define “restitution”; it only mentions the term in passing within the description of “Redress” for an “Action (in law).”; The packet only says that redress may be secured sometimes through restitution and sometimes through compensation; it does not define restitution as restoring what was lost through a violation of rights.; While the packet does support a contrast between “restitution” and “compensation,” the added elaborations in the definition are unsupported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Action (in law)” (Action (law)).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"167fe92339af18b12a3f4f82983837313bb5b39dd94272a77b8b9727b7f0d360","record_id":"Action (law)","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"1503e1189bba3f3b17b5256c76f07b09de24de466a87a480be4a1df7b5584c67","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A1defs.htm#Action (law)"}],"status":"dropped","term":"restitution"},{"id":"ret","reason":"Other parts of the definition (RET gene encoding a tyrosine-protein kinase receptor; involvement in neural cell proliferation/migration/differentiation, framed as growth/movement/development) are broadly consistent with the packet, but the unsupported “signaling processes” claim is substantive.; The definition adds an unsupported contrast to a “counseling concept,” which is not stated in the packet.; The definition claims RET is involved in “signaling processes,” but the packet only states roles in “proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural cells” and does not mention signaling.; The packet supports RET as the human gene/protein RET and its role in neural-cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, but the wording should stay within those supported claims only.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Proto-Oncogene Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Receptor Ret” (C18539).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"788f7b7233986a4194ce44d3c5bd479ea6d80401d65e85bd14bc54a63dd2b88f","record_id":"C18539","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"RET"},{"id":"retinitis","reason":"Adds unsupported anatomical detail (“the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye”) that is not stated in the packet.; Because the packet does not support those specific descriptive details, the definition contains at least one unsupported substantive claim.; States a generalization (“often found”) rather than the packet’s wording that it is “rarely limited to the retina” and “commonly associated” with choroid or optic disk disease.; The definition states the retina is “light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye,” but the supplied packet only defines retinitis as “inflammation of the RETINA” and does not describe the retina’s function (light-sensitive) or location (at the back of the eye).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Retinitis” (D012173).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"ae313fe5d320a491b7efffdf309f26758360597ef9c4c6a5c843270278353227","record_id":"D012173","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012173"}],"status":"dropped","term":"retinitis"},{"id":"retrograde-memory","reason":"The final sentence shifts the term toward a disorder description (“loss of retrograde memory” with normal new learning), which the packet supports only as a feature of focal retrograde amnesia, not as the definition of retrograde memory itself.; The packet does not define “retrograde memory” as a general term; it only mentions “loss of retrograde memory” in the context of focal retrograde amnesia and related case reports.; The packet does not provide a direct definition of “retrograde memory” as memory for information from the past (e.g., events/knowledge before illness or injury).; The phrase “especially events and knowledge from before the onset of an illness or injury” is not supported by the packet and imports a clinical framing that is not stated as a definition of the term.; The statement that loss of retrograde memory corresponds to difficulty recalling previously stored memories while learning new information may remain normal is only indirectly supported by the packet’s contrast between retrograde memory loss and “normal learning of new information,” but the packet does not explicitly define this as “retrograde memory” in general or affirm the “may remain normal” phrasing as a general rule.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Sehm Bernhard; Frisch Stefan; Thöne-Otto Angelika; Horstmann Annette; Villringer Arno; Obrig Hellmuth. Focal Retrograde Amnesia: Voxel-Based Morphometry Findings in a Case without MRI Lesions. 2011; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0026538; article XML SHA-256 fcd637783399407b7bb869b11720a504cdb921d31a50f725b55f5e34df30982a. “Focal Retrograde Amnesia: Voxel-Based Morphometry Findings in a Case without MRI Lesions” (10.1371/journal.pone.0026538).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"6724ef479b6213aa4612ba17435e3e5cc713f270778b5a5e4396d479a44dd77d","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0026538","revision":"2011; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0026538; article XML SHA-256 fcd637783399407b7bb869b11720a504cdb921d31a50f725b55f5e34df30982a","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc3197527","source_snapshot_sha256":"fcd637783399407b7bb869b11720a504cdb921d31a50f725b55f5e34df30982a","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0026538"}],"status":"dropped","term":"retrograde memory"},{"id":"reverie","reason":"The definition’s key substantive claims about attention and the “dreamy” quality are not supported anywhere in the provided packet text.; The packet does not define *reverie* as a standalone term; it only lists reverie as one example of “states of vagueness of consciousness” allied to absent-mindedness and brown-study.; The packet does not define “reverie” (it only mentions reverie as an example of “states of vagueness of consciousness” grouped with “brown-study,” without stating the specific characteristics claimed in the definition—e.g., “vague, dreamy state of consciousness” and “attention to one’s surroundings is reduced by mental preoccupation”).; “Vague, dreamy state of consciousness” and “in which attention to one’s surroundings is reduced by mental preoccupation” go beyond the packet’s wording and combine material about absent-mindedness with reverie, rather than staying within the supported historical sense.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Absent-mindedness” (Absent-mindedness).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"380c94d1ea22e71588744383e840d314199b6f4fdd5c1237d3dae562cfa6c93e","record_id":"Absent-mindedness","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"1503e1189bba3f3b17b5256c76f07b09de24de466a87a480be4a1df7b5584c67","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A1defs.htm#Absent-mindedness"}],"status":"dropped","term":"reverie"},{"id":"reversol","reason":"Because the agent identity for the eye-effects portion is not consistently supported in the packet, the statement about using Reversol in the eye to increase fluid outflow and lower intraocular pressure is not fully defensible from the provided text.; The definition adds a specific naming relationship that is not stated in the packet; only the pharmacologic description of edrophonium chloride is supported.; The packet contains an internal inconsistency: it begins by describing edrophonium chloride, but later says “Echothiophate chloride potentiates…” (the definition attributes the described eye effects to Reversol/edrophonium without support for that specific pairing).; The packet does not state that “Reversol” is the drug name for edrophonium chloride; it discusses “edrophonium” without providing a Reversol-to-edrophonium mapping.; The packet supports edrophonium chloride, but it does not support the claim that the term \"Reversol\" is a drug name for edrophonium chloride or that Reversol is the source label/synonym.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Edrophonium Chloride” (C47507).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"86b390df1a3cb608543eef017710fd00c89abe4b3143d0ce02a8bf366b2fe1b3","record_id":"C47507","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Reversol"},{"id":"reward-system","reason":"The definition adds an explanatory summary that is broader than the packet’s wording and is not directly supported by the supplied text.; The definition attributes a general role (“producing rewarding effects and related behavior”) beyond what the packet specifically supports (it only mentions behavioral changes such as euphoria linked to dopamine release in the mesocorticolimbic system).; The definition’s first sentence (“The reward system is a brain system involved in producing rewarding effects and related behavior”) is not explicitly stated anywhere in the provided packet text.; The packet does not define the reward system as a general brain system that produces rewarding effects and related behavior; it only says the mesocorticolimbic system is a major component of the brain reward system and that dextroamphetamine induces dopamine release with effects such as euphoria.; The packet provided is a descriptor record for dextroamphetamine and mainly discusses dopamine release and euphoria within the mesocorticolimbic system; it does not present a learning-focused account of the “reward system.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Dextroamphetamine” (C28981).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"8c0e06694f626d1993fb91c3826a372b66232358561b02f9b4c2b7df0ab504e1","record_id":"C28981","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"reward system"},{"id":"ritalin","reason":"The definition says it “appears to increase activity in … arousal and alertness,” but the packet specifically mentions activation of the “brain stem arousal system and cortex” and does not mention “alertness.”; The definition states that “Ritalin is a brand name for methylphenidate hydrochloride,” but the packet only describes methylphenidate hydrochloride as a synthetic central nervous system stimulant and does not support the claim that Ritalin is its brand name.; The packet does not state that Ritalin is a brand name; it identifies the substance as methylphenidate hydrochloride.; The wording about increasing activity in brain systems involved in arousal and alertness is broader than the packet’s support, which refers specifically to activating the brain stem arousal system and cortex to produce a stimulant effect.; While “may improve cognitive function” is supported, the rest of the surrounding phrasing (“increase activity… in… arousal and alertness” and the “brand name” framing) is not fully supported by the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Methylphenidate Hydrochloride” (C646).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"6437a33d0f61a9fe26bcf8d2aeb30a82cd1f9ca4d3637717e2a31edd79a70832","record_id":"C646","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Ritalin"},{"id":"robaxin","reason":"Because the “Robaxin”↔“methocarbamol” identification is unsupported by the packet, the definition’s requested term sense is not fully defensible.; The mechanism claim is only partially supported: the packet says the exact mechanism was not established and gives a specific postulated pathway (acetylcholinesterase inhibition), rather than the broader ‘nervous-system pathways’ wording used here.; The packet does not state that Robaxin is a brand name for methocarbamol; it only provides a descriptor record for methocarbamol.; The packet supports methocarbamol as a carbamate with centrally acting muscle relaxant properties, but it does not state that Robaxin is a brand name for methocarbamol.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Methocarbamol” (C29252).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"14a83cee89bb880f3a66760b5d48b99836ceb0ed4114cc73afa7bdd6aa5ffead","record_id":"C29252","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Robaxin"},{"id":"scatterplot","reason":"The definition’s claim that a scatterplot is “used to see patterns in their relationship” is not stated in the packet; the packet discusses linearity and random vs systematic divergence rather than general pattern-finding.; The packet does not support the specific example in the definition that points “form an approximately straight line” (it states a perfect linear relationship corresponds to falling on a straight line, not approximate lines).; The packet provided does not explicitly define a scatterplot as a graph showing paired values for two variables as points; it only mentions that “a scatterplot of the points” can fall on a straight line.; The packet supports scatterplots as plots of points used to assess linear relationship, but it does not explicitly support the wording “paired values for two variables” or the claim that the relationship is seen as “approximately straight line.”; The source text states the line criterion for a perfect linear relationship and notes random divergence may still be linear; it does not itself define scatterplot in the broader way given here.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Online Statistics Education, version 2 (David M. Lane, project leader). Version 2; publisher statement snapshot 2026-10-18; SHA-256 0dcad9ee85f61f9e2bb24d26279de155ac749164ea4da2a3bffeabcf9ea471a6. “Linear Relationship” (linear_relationship.html).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://onlinestatbook.com/2/index.html","packet_hash":"ccd8dede6c606db5b25fa9ee7ba05f38f36102b8ed22038d5e436821290b23bc","record_id":"linear_relationship.html","revision":"Version 2; publisher statement snapshot 2026-10-18; SHA-256 0dcad9ee85f61f9e2bb24d26279de155ac749164ea4da2a3bffeabcf9ea471a6","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"onlinestatbook-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"d76e3ee422c03d82a8223901a660a11f6760bd08e6dda790d71fb347a96165a1","url":"https://onlinestatbook.com/2/glossary/linear_relationship.html"}],"status":"dropped","term":"scatterplot"},{"id":"seizure","reason":"The definition adds an unsupported causal claim: the packet describes sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin, but does not state that they are caused by abnormal activity.; The packet definition states “Sudden, involuntary skeletal muscular contractions of cerebral or brain stem origin,” but it does not support the claim that these contractions are “caused by abnormal activity.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Seizure” (C2962).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"7ee991925b03bafdc20a7dac3f98c355a9da120c7fbb260ecc0f69b0deaaa1d2","record_id":"C2962","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"seizure"},{"id":"self-acceptance","reason":"The claim that self-acceptance is “a person’s feeling about themselves” with “self-respect and acceptance of who they are” is not stated in the packet and goes beyond the source text.; The packet describes a rating scale (the Self-Esteem Scale), not the concept of self-acceptance itself, so the definition is aimed at the wrong sense/object.; The packet describes self-acceptance in the context of a specific rating scale (“Self-Esteem Scale” in the Behavior Assessment System for Children), but the definition presents self-acceptance as a general “person’s feeling,” which is not explicitly supported by the packet.; While the packet mentions “feelings about self” and “respect” and includes “self-acceptance,” it does not support the added phrasing that this reflects “acceptance of who they are.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Self-Esteem Scale” (C121289).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"4076e0d4c184ac1c9b79e6ad370626c67ed9537bfc538d47f3337c50708bedf5","record_id":"C121289","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"self-acceptance"},{"id":"self-analysis","reason":"Although the packet supports the idea that the condition is linked with “morbid self-consciousness,” it does not support the additional details in the provided definition about the specific mechanism (“interpreting their own feelings and experiences”) or the specific example (“outside remarks or actions”).; The definition claims self-analysis is “an unhealthy turning of attention inward” and “overly occupied with interpreting their own feelings and experiences,” but the packet only describes an “unhealthy state of self-analysis and self-consciousness” without framing it as attention inward or interpretation of feelings/experiences.; The definition says it involves “wrongly tak[ing] outside remarks or actions as being about them,” but the packet describes instead a “ten[dency to] appropriate to themselves suggestions and acts which are in no way intended for them,” which is not the same wording or specificity as misattributing remarks/actions.; The definition slightly overgeneralizes beyond the packet by presenting this as the meaning of self-analysis itself rather than the historical association described in the passage.; The packet supports morbid self-consciousness and the tendency to appropriate remarks or acts not intended for the person, but it does not explicitly support the broader gloss that self-analysis means an unhealthy turning of attention inward or being overly occupied with interpreting one’s own feelings and experiences.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-1890000-1902000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"9f4dba579f8c7825487f4f175cb13f88bffa5483e90a98d350f8c54bca98f307","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-1890000-1902000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"self-analysis"},{"id":"self-criticism","reason":"The definition implies a specific psychological interpretation beyond the packet’s wording; the packet does not state that self-criticism is defined by that evaluative process.; The definition’s statement is partly inferential beyond the packet, so the specific “right and wrong” framing is not fully supported by the provided text.; The packet does not explicitly state that self-criticism involves judging oneself against “internal standards of right and wrong”; it only mentions ethics and standards generally.; The packet supports self-criticism as a component of personality associated with ethics, standards, and the conscience, but it does not support the added explanation that it means “judging oneself against internal standards of right and wrong.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Superego” (D013475).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"cc60544581bf59b79aeab2dd5e92437a698ffe70692f68838c19b9023ac69c1a","record_id":"D013475","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D013475"}],"status":"dropped","term":"self-criticism"},{"id":"self-denial","reason":"The claim that self-denial is \"the element of sacrifice that distinguishes stronger forms of generosity from mere fellow-feeling\" is not supported by the packet and overstates the historical source.; The definition adds “valued purpose” as a target of self-denial, but the packet only explicitly frames self-denial within actions toward “others” (bestowal of goods or favours upon others; sacrificing an interest of our own to an equal interest of a friend or a superior).; The definition says “giving up or restraining” one’s own interests; the packet supports “sacrifice” and self-denial in generosity, but does not support “restraining” as a distinct element of the term in the provided text.; The packet does not define the term \"self-denial\" itself; it defines \"Generosity\" and says generosity involves self-denial.; The phrasing turns a historical comparison into a general dictionary definition of self-denial, which is not justified by the source text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Generosity” (Generosity).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"e871d1111fcdade9c7945bd31f95ebee1ce2e1469437b1ff92d01c8ade7c70e9","record_id":"Generosity","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"b08a7d608c2b629ec15138e0f72a9f9e3661c51cc4b9822c775b7314beea71f6","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/G1defs.htm#Generosity"}],"status":"dropped","term":"self-denial"},{"id":"self-interest","reason":"The definition’s first sentence therefore includes an unsupported characterization of what self-interest means beyond what the packet states.; The packet defines **individualism**, not **self-interest**; the requested sense is only indirectly related and not established as a headword sense in the source.; The packet does not define “self-interest” as “concern with, or pursuit of, one’s own benefit”; it only describes “exclusive or excessive regard for self-interest.”; “Concern with, or pursuit of, one’s own benefit” is an unsupported paraphrase; the packet only says “exclusive or excessive regard for self-interest,” not that self-interest itself is defined as this.; “the personal aim that individualism centers on” goes beyond the source and introduces an unsupported framing about what individualism “centers on.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Individualism” (Individualism).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"b144d2cf2fea7b620ee154f43ef39eb2cce3734bd4bdb5e10a10193ccbb6d81a","record_id":"Individualism","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"1be10ba2969f01c804562b5b8c0f1da1a39b993e570162fd1a6486e1a62be5f2","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/I2defs.htm#Individualism"}],"status":"dropped","term":"self-interest"},{"id":"self-transcendence","reason":"Because the requested term is not actually the entry headword in the source passage, the sense attribution is unsupported by the packet.; The definition adds explanatory framing about a “fixed concept” and “isolated ultimate idea” that is close to the packet’s wording but is still a paraphrase rather than a directly supported dictionary sense for the requested term.; The definition’s “movement by which thought passes toward a more comprehensive standpoint” is only indirectly supported by the passage saying that when dialectic is used in “developing a more comprehensive point of view,” it “passes into speculative reason,” not that self-transcendence itself specifically names that movement.; The packet does not define a standalone term “self-transcendence”; it only uses the phrase “self-contradiction and self-transcendence” within the Hegelian sense of “Speculation.”; The packet states that dialectic reveals “self-contradiction and self-transcendence” and the “fluidity of all these fixed concepts,” but it does not support the claim that this opposition shows the concept “cannot stand as an isolated ultimate idea.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-3223500-3235500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"ef82de0df2fc964033c51744e104287cf0af32fd913a4fa44e40a3654452f62f","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-3223500-3235500","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"self-transcendence"},{"id":"self-understanding","reason":"The definition adds specific claims about “inner motives, reactions, and patterns of meaning” and “influences outside conscious awareness” that are not stated in the packet.; The definition claims that self-understanding involves “clearer awareness” of “inner motives, reactions, and patterns of meaning,” but the packet only states that psychodynamic/psychoanalytic psychotherapy has a “premium on self understanding and making meaning of what is unconscious,” without detailing motives/reactions/patterns of meaning.; The definition states that this includes “influences outside conscious awareness.” The packet supports reacting to “unconscious forces” but does not explicitly phrase self-understanding as including influences “outside conscious awareness.”; The definition’s first sentence contains substantive specifics not present in the packet; only the general link between self-understanding and making meaning of what is unconscious is supported.; The packet is a MeSH descriptor for “Psychotherapy, Psychodynamic,” not a definition of the term “self-understanding,” so the requested sense is not supported.; “In psychodynamic work” is broader and more specific than the packet’s wording; the packet supports only that psychodynamic psychotherapy places a premium on self-understanding and making meaning of what is unconscious.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Psychotherapy, Psychodynamic” (D064889).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"48ac5bfdf054ece6353651584ac1305fa1205b119cfe86499ead01837e6466f2","record_id":"D064889","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D064889"}],"status":"dropped","term":"self-understanding"},{"id":"selfishness","reason":"No support in the packet for the specific phrasing/pattern claim that selfishness involves “a pattern of putting personal gain at the center of one’s motives.”; The definition’s claims that selfishness is “linked with egoism” and that it “refers to a self-focused stance” where a person “knowingly aims at their own benefit” are not stated in the supplied packet.; The packet text defines **egoism** as attitudes/dispositions with the conscious end of the advantage of the personal self, and only *references* “SELFISHNESS” via “Cf. … SELFISHNESS” without defining selfishness itself.; The packet’s entry is for “Egoism,” not “selfishness”; it only cross-references selfishness, so the definition should not present selfishness itself as the sourced head term.; “Knowingly aims at their own benefit” and “personal gain at the center of one’s motives” overstate/paraphrase the source, which says only that egoistic attitudes have as their conscious end “the advantage of the personal self.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Egoism” (Egoism).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"6bdc854e9a8e1099719493fbe37e03c675b6d91db1a7b029c1770df6bce4a4e0","record_id":"Egoism","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"78221b587b713f0fedd3f2e93ee72764da6a6170f4f18df4b332be23c6f05bcf","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/E1defs.htm#Egoism"}],"status":"dropped","term":"selfishness"},{"id":"semasiology","reason":"The broader “words and signs in general” wording appears in the packet under a different term (“semiotic”), not under semasiology, so the definition overextends the source sense.; The packet discusses “semeiology”/“semiology” in medicine for “the science of the signs or symptoms of disease,” but it does not support that “semasiology” (as opposed to “semeiology/semiology”) has the meaning given in the definition.; The packet only states: “Semasiology : see SEMANTICS.” It does not define semasiology as “a historical term for semantics,” nor does it describe a study of meaning in words, language, or signs.; The packet supports only the cross-reference “Semasiology: see SEMANTICS,” i.e. a historical synonym or near-synonym for semantics; it does not support the added claim that semasiology itself is the broader study of meaning in language and signs.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-2908500-2920500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"62927bff33dd6c0588148b3e44cff0c66b6a4c1fee6afd1c5d1ab8263f9d5549","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-2908500-2920500","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"semasiology"},{"id":"sense-of-self","reason":"The added claim that this sense can become disrupted in ‘severe distress’ is broader than the packet, which specifically mentions loss of autonomy, severe physical pain, and existential/spiritual experience in terminally ill patients.; The definition blends a general psychological term with context-specific content from the packet, so the requested sense is not supported cleanly by the source.; The packet does not define “sense of self” as “a person’s basic feeling of who they are as an individual”; it only mentions that patients may experience “disintegration of patient’s sense of self” in contexts like loss of autonomy, severe physical pain, and challenging existential/spiritual experience.; The packet supports a terminal-illness context in which a patient’s sense of self may disintegrate, but it does not support the general definition of sense of self as a person’s basic feeling of who they are as an individual.; While the packet supports that loss of autonomy, severe pain, and existential/spiritual strain can contribute to disintegration of a patient’s sense of self, it does not support the additional general phrasing about the “basic feeling” aspect or the notion that the sense “starts to break down” as a general definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Dignity Therapy” (D000096225).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"8b017d04d18e8c5f40fd5926bd2efeb8f7ac63610c53c55c359187d945a7f59a","record_id":"D000096225","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000096225"}],"status":"dropped","term":"sense of self"},{"id":"sensory-amusia","reason":"Aside from that mismatch, the remaining elements are supported by the packet (sensory amusia as loss of comprehension/appreciation of music, and that sensory and amnesic amusia can occur without aphasia).; The definition claims sensory amusia is “parallel to sensory language impairment,” but the packet does not use that wording or concept; it instead says amusia is analogous to aphasia “in regard to speech.”; The definition slightly paraphrases the source in a way that adds an unsupported framing of the condition as a “musical disorder” parallel to another named impairment; the packet supports only the historical analogy to aphasia and the specific sensory form as loss of comprehension/appreciation of music.; The sense is otherwise correct, but the unsupported comparison means the definition does not fully pass as written.; “sensory language impairment” is not supported by the packet; the source says amusia is analogous to aphasia in regard to speech, not to a sensory language-impairment category.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Amusia” (Amusia).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"1471a42c48c477ef69a5801475878f7c168ce7ff671b4f2cc6e3ea6037a8f6df","record_id":"Amusia","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"ac712e517e816ebc2ff1b9395d8ad30deec8126087e1df3f18dd372bfcabd223","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A3defs.htm#Amusia"}],"status":"dropped","term":"sensory amusia"},{"id":"sensory-consciousness","reason":"The packet does not explicitly define “sensory consciousness” as the “conscious side of sensory stimulation or sensory change”; it only uses the phrase in a sentence about mental dynamogenesis.; The packet does not support the claim that “sensory consciousness means the conscious side of sensory stimulation or sensory change.” It only uses the phrase “change in sensory consciousness” within the discussion of “mental dynamogenesis,” without defining what “sensory consciousness” specifically means. ; The remainder (“…used in the idea of mental dynamogenesis, where a change in sensory consciousness tends to be followed by a change in motor consciousness”) is supported in the packet, but the definition’s first sentence is not. Therefore the definition is not fully supported by the supplied source packet.; The wording makes the historical source sound like it is defining the term directly, but the packet only supplies an illustrative usage within a broader discussion of dynamogenesis.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Dynamogenesis” (Dynamogenesis).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"74c6a27ad411c2c2d0a984e7019be65c8d7642bbb96cefa559d1e23149485694","record_id":"Dynamogenesis","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f2fe440333c892f3036dac7e921edf08ac97809e721f7c5826fa40163cc7b50c","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/D3defs.htm#Dynamogenesis"}],"status":"dropped","term":"sensory consciousness"},{"id":"sensus-communis","reason":"The packet does not explicitly support the claim that sensus communis was “the supposed source of first moral truths.”; The packet only states that in the beginning of English philosophy moral first principles were regarded as principles of the *sensus communis* by Herbert of Cherbury; it does not explicitly define sensus communis as a “shared common sense by which basic moral principles are immediately recognized.”; The packet supports Herbert of Cherbury’s use of sensus communis for moral first principles in early English philosophy, but it does not support the added claim that this was a ‘shared’ common sense.; The packet supports a connection to “intuitional or common-sense morality” (Herbert of Cherbury is said to found this school), but the provided definition adds additional specifics (shared immediate recognition; source of first moral truths) that are not explicitly present in the packet.; The wording ‘source of first moral truths’ goes beyond the packet’s phrasing, which speaks of moral first principles and immediate apprehension, not a source of truth in that explicit form.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Ethical Theories” (EthicalT).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"7d548b35022dddceb5e1435835b66cf64521b4d507ccfaf403087640105a7147","record_id":"EthicalT","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"1c9eaa787e70b25cc4b4648c6fb89a507c1319b5d17c9d15e4e83beb1e9a0636","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/E3defs.htm#EthicalT"}],"status":"dropped","term":"sensus communis"},{"id":"sharpening","reason":"The definition adds “grinding or shaping” as the manner of “sharpening,” but the packet only states “The sharpening of bits … into deadly instruments” without describing grinding/shaping mechanics.; The definition is longer than necessary and introduces phrasing (“might turn harmless materials into weapons for self-destruction”) that is only indirectly supported via surrounding sentences about “lethal weapons” made from “the most harmless implements,” rather than explicitly linking that process to “suicidal patients” in the same sentence as “sharpening.”; The definition’s examples include “metal scraps,” which are not stated in the packet (the packet specifies “bits of barrel hoop, … nails and bits of wire”).; The packet supports sharpening nails, wire, and barrel hoop into deadly instruments, but it does not support the added example of “metal scraps.”; “Grinding or shaping” is not stated in the source; the packet only says these objects were sharpened into deadly instruments.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-378000-390000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"dc5a9135543ddc8a55d82ec101149e31ba0d7a53f9b7905e0d503e80050b7641","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-378000-390000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"33038e8e84860e0b9fb5c5a641f89b23a9a7cf4e7757d4aac532fb6af44cee85","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"sharpening"},{"id":"shock","reason":"The definition is about acute medical shock, so it does not match the stated mental health field.; The definition’s mental-health field assignment is not supported by the packet, which contains no mental-health context or psychological/counselling meaning for “shock.”; The provided packet defines “shock” as an acute life-threatening *medical* condition characterized by reduced blood flow and immediate medical intervention; it does not establish any relevance or use specifically within mental health.; The requested field is not defensible from the packet: the source is an NCIt medical descriptor for shock, not a psychology/counselling sense.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Shock” (C35016).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c9e779e7fa096dae657c0e9e1e351fd22feced31f8662cbad7a51f5609dd07bc","record_id":"C35016","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"shock"},{"id":"short-portable-mental-status-questionnaire","reason":"The definition adds general usage language that goes beyond the source excerpt and is not established as current consensus by the packet.; The packet does not explicitly describe the SPMSQ as being “used to assess mental status and cognition”; it only reports that an SPMSQ score was used to define “cognitive impairment.”; The packet does not explicitly state that the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) is a “brief questionnaire” (this description is unsupported by the provided text).; The packet supports only that SPMSQ scores below 8/10 were used to define cognitive impairment in this study; it does not support the broader claim that the questionnaire is used to assess mental status and cognition.; While the packet does support the threshold (“cognitive impairment was defined as a Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) score <8 (/10)”), the definition’s additional wording goes beyond what is explicitly supported.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Duval Guillaume T; Schott Anne-Marie; Rolland Yves; Gautier Jennifer; Blain Hubert; Duque Gustavo; Annweiler Cedric. Orthostatic hypotension and neurocognitive disorders in older women: Results from the EPIDOS cohort study. 2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0281634; article XML SHA-256 dbf4771192d553d1edd9d761149aaf8cc6823ece939b6f77eb6c4435e995de5f. “Orthostatic hypotension and neurocognitive disorders in older women: Results from the EPIDOS cohort study” (10.1371/journal.pone.0281634).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"f641a069c92910bc3389741ac5d13d47f9de6be55670fb586ff25d891f23d9ca","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0281634","revision":"2023; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0281634; article XML SHA-256 dbf4771192d553d1edd9d761149aaf8cc6823ece939b6f77eb6c4435e995de5f","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc9955614","source_snapshot_sha256":"dbf4771192d553d1edd9d761149aaf8cc6823ece939b6f77eb6c4435e995de5f","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281634"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire"},{"id":"simple-structure","reason":"The definition adds unsupported generalization by glossing the term as a “bodily or sensory arrangement” and “a single, undivided mechanism”; the passage only contrasts simpler structures with a nerve-fibre thought of as composed of fibrillae.; The packet does not explicitly define a “simple structure” as “a bodily or sensory arrangement thought of as a single, undivided mechanism”; it instead refers to “simpler structures” only as cases where there is “nothing against such a supposition,” with examples (muscle, pressure, auditory sensa) and discussion of nerve-fibre excitation and cortical reactions.; The packet supports a historical contrast with more complex fiber structure, but not the broader explanatory framing in the definition.; While the packet does discuss “simpler structures” and includes language about nerves and excitation (including “composed of a number of fibrillae” and the idea of applying “specific energy” to fibrillae and supposing a “single cone” as a “laboratory” for several sorts of excitation), the definition’s opening description (“bodily or sensory arrangement…single, undivided mechanism”) is not directly supported by the provided passage.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-4336500-4348500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"f674ca4f08ee379521014bb233547311b274170c454c9f6f5c9dbf7b5fcb2674","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-4336500-4348500","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"simple structure"},{"id":"sjogrenlarsson-syndrome","reason":"For cognition, the definition uses the phrase “impaired intellectual development,” but the packet’s cognition-relevant wording is “MENTAL RETARDATION,” which is not directly reflected in the definition.; The claim that the syndrome is “rare” is not supported by the packet.; The definition claims the disorder is “rare”; the packet does not state that it is rare.; The definition includes a meta-remark (“The packet also states…”) rather than a clean dictionary definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Sjogren-Larsson Syndrome” (D016111).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"0a20632d542dfff9d35a78a0a871a3b12e1effdb4264b37e7ef5a57511dc70cc","record_id":"D016111","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D016111"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Sjögren–Larsson syndrome"},{"id":"skewness","reason":"The packet does not define skewness as a measure of how unevenly values are distributed around the center of a dataset; it only mentions standardized scores of skewness in the context of testing normality.; The packet does not define skewness as “a statistical measure of how unevenly values are distributed around the center of a dataset.”; The statement that skewness is used in research methods to check whether data follow a normal distribution is broader than the packet, which only says that skewness contributed to evidence that assumptions of normality were violated in one analysis.; While the packet mentions using standardized scores of “skewness” (with kurtosis) and the Shapiro-Wilk test to assess violated assumptions of normality, it does not support the definition’s first, descriptive statement about what skewness measures.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"BMC: Characterising and justifying sample size sufficiency in interview-based studies. Version of record 2018-11-21; DOI 10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7. “Characterising and justifying sample size sufficiency” (05ea0554db4e6d0f11b4).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"ab310df0cda258fa524ba152341b412f675bd6aa091d5aeb79c72e2c0053e232","record_id":"05ea0554db4e6d0f11b4","revision":"Version of record 2018-11-21; DOI 10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"bmc","source_snapshot_sha256":"1f6fe691baa1384ea433b1d0f18da3b81e9dd580f95743fabfd165cf04ed1285","url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7"}],"status":"dropped","term":"skewness"},{"id":"social-cognition","reason":"Adds unsupported generalization by saying it involves making sense of social actions and relationships; the packet only supports perception, interpretation, categorizing, and judgment about one's own and others' social behaviors and group position.; The packet definition does not explicitly include “relationships” or “social actions”; it only states “perception, interpretation, and categorizing” and “self judgement of one's own social behaviors and group position and those of others.”; The phrase “sort information” and “place in groups” are not directly stated in the packet (it specifies “categorizing” and “group position,” but not “sorting information” or “place” wording).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Social Cognition” (D000083282).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"91829e01fb54534b2dfb9d8e4298cf5716935d7116670034a63d5cd10ff72420","record_id":"D000083282","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000083282"}],"status":"dropped","term":"social cognition"},{"id":"social-convention","reason":"The gloss turns a criterion for propriety into a definition of the term itself, which is not supported by the source passage.; The packet does not define the term \"social convention\"; it defines \"Proper (2) Propriety\" as strict conformity to social convention, custom, and expectation.; The packet does not define the term “social convention.” It only states, under “Proper (2) Ethical and social FITNESS,” that the social sense is “strict conformity to social convention, custom, and expectation,” which is not a standalone definition of “social convention.”; The provided definition includes claims like “accepted social custom or shared expectation” and “standard to which socially proper conduct is expected to conform,” but the packet supplies only the phrase about “strict conformity to social convention, custom, and expectation” without explaining what “social convention” itself means.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-2037000-2049000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"06b4594e56e740d2cbc9045bbc4fca33894d51905cabe890c43b47fa024afe27","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-2037000-2049000","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"social convention"},{"id":"social-death","reason":"The packet does not explicitly describe “ending a person’s social existence or place in society”; it uses the phrases “social death and extinction,” but does not specify “place in society” wording.; The packet does not support that the term is “a severe social metaphor rather than as a detailed clinical diagnosis”; it only states “It is social death and extinction if it lasts,” without contrasting metaphor vs diagnosis.; The packet supports that actual mental disease was described as ‘social death and extinction if it lasts,’ but it does not explicitly support the added claim that the term is being used as a metaphor.; The source presents a historical medical opinion, but the definition goes beyond the packet by characterizing the usage as a ‘severe social metaphor’ rather than a diagnosis.; While “if it lasts” supports a lasting-condition idea, the definition’s wording “a lasting mental illness” goes beyond the packet’s conditional phrasing (“if it lasts”).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2131500-2143500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"30d067ca29fcd5978a38afd38c57ecc5fc14f681be8c32eb7f6dafa3b08bcb5e","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc01tuke:chars-2131500-2143500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"social death"},{"id":"social-group","reason":"Adds unsupported phrasing that a social group is one that people 'see themselves as' sharing and that the identity is 'shaped by' shared beliefs, codes of conduct, culture, and social norms; the packet only supports that the group shares a common identity defined by those factors.; The definition’s phrasing that identity is “shaped by shared beliefs, codes of conduct, culture, and social norms” is largely consistent with the packet, but the added “see themselves” component is not supported.; The packet does not state that members “see themselves” as sharing a common identity; it only says they “share a common identity.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Social Group” (D000092882).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"b6b853e57aedea2021c5c94ecb3b8860309e7aa5c7ea921c8b17753e7cf711ed","record_id":"D000092882","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000092882"}],"status":"dropped","term":"social group"},{"id":"social-norm","reason":"The packet states that behaviors “are at variance with the expected social norm and which affect other individuals,” but it does not support the definition’s claim that a social norm is “used as a reference for judging” differences in behavior.; The packet supports only the idea of behaviors that deviate from an expected social norm and affect other individuals; it does not define the term as the norm itself or as a general standard for behavior.; “In a social setting” is an added generalization not stated in the source packet.; “Used as a reference for judging” is not supported by the packet text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Social Behavior Disorders” (D012920).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"d2ddc1d55c6316c81b5b99382406ad5d9c329c256e5315c4d4b6492aeaaed11c","record_id":"D012920","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012920"}],"status":"dropped","term":"social norm"},{"id":"social-services","reason":"Because those substantive components are not present in the supplied packet text, the definition includes unsupported generalizations beyond the packet’s scope.; The added claims about helping with social needs and coordinating related assistance are not supported by the packet.; The packet describes a hospital department responsible for administering and providing social services to patients and their families; the definition shifts the sense to the services themselves rather than the department.; The packet states that a hospital social work department is responsible for administering and providing social services to patients and their families, but it does not explicitly support the added specifics that these services “help patients and their families with social needs” or “coordinate related assistance.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Social Work Department, Hospital” (D012948).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"aa7c989fda480dd4008caee6da7847509d8425cd21ac196eecd7e0da6a761826","record_id":"D012948","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012948"}],"status":"dropped","term":"social services"},{"id":"social-withdrawal","reason":"The definition goes beyond the source by interpreting the term as a broader social-behavior description rather than the specific PANSS descriptor given in the packet.; The definition includes distinctions (passive/apathetic vs active avoidance for a stated reason) that are not supported anywhere in the provided packet text.; The packet only mentions “Passive or apathetic social withdrawal” in the context of “PANSS Temperature,” and does not provide support for claims like “pulling back from social contact or involvement” or “reduced engagement … rather than active avoidance for a stated reason.”; The packet supports only the label and the phrase “passive or apathetic social withdrawal”; it does not support the added characterization that this is “pulling back from social contact or involvement” or the contrast with active avoidance for a stated reason.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “PANSS - Passive or Apathetic Social Withdrawal” (C124757).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"cc57dc642bdff63dfd9f7640aaf23e1201a33728ccb8015ed7cc55607bd90bee","record_id":"C124757","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"social withdrawal"},{"id":"society","reason":"Although the packet supports an alcoholism definition, the requested sense of the term is wrong, so the entry does not match the target term.; The definition contains claims not supported by the packet as stated (e.g., \"may be ongoing or come and go over time\" vs. the packet’s \"continuous or periodic\").; The definition is for alcoholism, not for the term society.; The packet describes a \"primary, chronic\" disease and also states it is \"often progressive and fatal,\" which the definition omits; the omission is substantive enough that the full description is not faithfully supported.; The term provided is \"society,\" but the definition describes \"Alcoholism\" (a different concept than the requested term).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Alcoholism” (D000437).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"07969c52c69169b867ed91890dee45f72f2d805398e84e66d014a51771d2e243","record_id":"D000437","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000437"}],"status":"dropped","term":"society"},{"id":"speech-area","reason":"Because the packet lacks a direct “speech area” entry, the definition’s framing as the meaning of the term (not merely one referenced aspect) is not defensible from the supplied text.; The claim that “speech area” means “the brain region concerned with producing speech” is not stated directly in the packet; it is inferred from the phrase “motor speech area,” so it is not fully supportable as written.; The definition adds an unsupported gloss by treating \"speech area\" as a general brain region concerned with producing speech; the source only says the lesion involves the motor speech area of the left side and discusses recurring utterances in motor aphasia.; The packet does not contain an explicit definition for the term “speech area.” It only mentions “the motor speech area of the left side” within a section explaining “recurrent utterances.”; The packet does not define the term \"speech area\" as an entry; it only mentions the \"motor speech area\" within the separate article on recurring utterances.; The wording \"disease may impair voluntary speech and lead to repeated utterances\" goes beyond the source’s phrasing and blends multiple points into a broader clinical summary not presented as such in the historical text.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-1995000-2007000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"d061363fd9937ae7d95f3568a373685378e106541b19e591a0c965ed124fd00e","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-1995000-2007000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"33038e8e84860e0b9fb5c5a641f89b23a9a7cf4e7757d4aac532fb6af44cee85","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"speech area"},{"id":"speech-community","reason":"The claim about “shared language use and awareness” giving “speech forms their standing within the group” is not explicitly present in the packet.; The first sentence generalizes beyond the source by stating a broad sociolinguistic definition (“shared language use and awareness give speech forms their standing within the group”) that is not explicitly stated in the packet.; The first sentence of the definition (“A speech community is a group of speakers…”) is not supported by the packet text.; The packet does not define the term “speech community” itself; it is a historical definition of “Mixture (linguistic)” that only mentions “speech-community” in passing.; The packet’s mention of “modernizing” syntax is unrelated to the requested term’s definition and does not support the provided definition.; The provided packet does not define the term “speech community”; it defines “Mixture (linguistic)” and only mentions “speech-community” in the phrase “in the consciousness of the speech-community,” without stating what a speech community is.; The second sentence contains parts (“borrowed elements become established only when they are recognized across that community” and “bilingual speech communities may come to use one common sentence pattern with different vocabularies”) that are only indirectly suggested by the packet’s wording about loan-elements becoming independent in the “consciousness of the speech-community” and the “tendency… for a single sentence-mould to suffice for two languages,” but the packet does not clearly support the specific formulation and implied senses as written.; The wording “borrowed elements become established only when they are recognized across that community” overstates the source; the packet says an element cannot become a loan-element unless enough words containing it are borrowed to fix it in the consciousness of the speech-community.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Mixture (linguistic)” (Mixture).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"aa2b107a0a574f806b5d46a47ff16dc3f2f825003ed9c3ab15e355869d155167","record_id":"Mixture","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f299432e3bd9ede79ecae1c1e081133d27751e0177ca8a087833c784bf1a2f5e","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/M3defs.htm#Mixture"}],"status":"dropped","term":"speech community"},{"id":"speech-intelligibility","reason":"The definition adds that other people can “understand” the speech sounds, but the packet only supports that the sounds are “recognizable.”; The definition specifies recognition/understanding by \"other people,\" while the packet only states recognizability without explicitly stating who recognizes or whether understanding occurs.; The provided definition adds that speech sounds are \"understand\" by others, but the packet definition only supports that sounds are \"recognizable\" (ability to make recognizable speech sounds).","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Speech Intelligibility” (D013065).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"b363752aedeb428ec04806ef50b980ae74570eeb4795ac2a7b1cfd6e143ad7b9","record_id":"D013065","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D013065"}],"status":"dropped","term":"speech intelligibility"},{"id":"state-anxiety","reason":"The claim that state anxiety is “temporary anxiety experienced in the moment” is not stated in the packet; the packet only says the instrument is designed to differentiate temporary “state anxiety” from general, long-standing “trait anxiety.”; The packet describes the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, an instrument, not the concept “state anxiety” itself, so the definition is attached to the wrong kind of source entity.; The packet supports that “state anxiety” is temporary and contrasted with “trait anxiety” as general/long-standing, but it does not explicitly define “state anxiety” as anxiety “experienced in the moment.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “State-Trait Anxiety Inventory” (C95491).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"6f972811ae2377fc6fc9f643ac134a5387b9138fff143adab1472ec160400b44","record_id":"C95491","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"state anxiety"},{"id":"subcortical-aphasia","reason":"The claim that dyslalia means a disorder centered more narrowly on spoken speech output than on language processes in general is not supported by the packet and adds an unsupported interpretation.; The packet links subcortical/transcortical/cortical categories to dyslogia/dysphasia and mentions “dyslalia” in connection with this classification, but it does not define dyslalia as “a disorder centered more narrowly on spoken speech output than on language processes in general,” nor provide that comparison.; The packet supports that subcortical, cortical, and transcortical aphasia are distinguished in a historical classification, and that subcortical corresponds to dyslalia.; The packet supports that there is a classification distinguishing “cortical” from “subcortical” aphasia and discusses “transcortical” aphasia as a related controversy, but it does not clearly state that “subcortical aphasia is a form distinguished from cortical and transcortical aphasia” in the way the definition phrases it.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-3244500-3256500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"4914fc92a9d097c6c9d481f314c42e21b2633842ae33f423f77b4c8e63289568","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-3244500-3256500","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"subcortical aphasia"},{"id":"subtest","reason":"The definition adds a general claim about what a subtest is (“one part of a larger assessment”) that is not stated in the packet.; The definition’s general claim that “A subtest is one part of a larger assessment” is not supported by the provided packet text, which only describes a specific subtest within the Wechsler Memory Scale.; The packet supports a specific WMS-IV Logical Memory I subtest description, but the definition should not extend beyond that unsupported generalization.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Logical Memory I Subtest (WMS-IV)” (C120342).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"2adcb19ea57e782306b77d23648f5dff68136bc1cb211a845a9526e25bac987e","record_id":"C120342","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"subtest"},{"id":"suprachiasmatic-nucleus","reason":"The packet does not support the phrase “just above the optic chiasm”; it describes the nucleus as lying “in a shallow impression of the OPTIC CHIASM,” which is different from “above.”; “Just above the optic chiasm” is not supported by the packet; the source says the nucleus lies “in a shallow impression of the optic chiasm,” not above it.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Suprachiasmatic Nucleus” (D013493).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"ab0b9ae55d849a82de57a7ea01f06ae642bf331ff76452e86d61814283cc0b1d","record_id":"D013493","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D013493"}],"status":"dropped","term":"suprachiasmatic nucleus"},{"id":"surrogate","reason":"The definition adds “intended parents” and “surrogacy” wording not present in the source, though the underlying sense is close.; The definition’s wording broadly matches the packet, but due to the field mismatch (“cognition” vs gestational carrier concept), the definition is not defensibly aligned with the requested field.; The provided field is \"cognition,\" but the packet describes “Gestational Carriers” (female carriers/impregnation with offspring to be given to commissioned parents), which is not a cognitive construct based on the supplied source text.; The requested field is not defensible from the packet: the source record is for gestational carriers (MeSH), not cognition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Gestational Carriers” (D013533).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"d87bce033e99e0ebc0ac5da3ef43f1581871ec997fd37aa85ce1ea423c127662","record_id":"D013533","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D013533"}],"status":"dropped","term":"surrogate"},{"id":"symbol-substitution-test","reason":"The definition adds an interpretation about the test’s functional domain that is not established by the source packet.; The definition’s requested causal/interpretive link (“lower scores…poorer executive functioning”) is not clearly supported by the provided excerpt.; The packet does not define or introduce a term called “symbol-substitution test”; it only mentions the “Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST)” as one of three cognitive scales used.; The packet does not state that “a symbol-substitution test uses the Digit Symbol Substitution Test format”; it only lists DSST among the assessments without describing any “symbol-substitution test” format or equivalence.; The packet does not support the claim that lower symbol-substitution scores are associated with poorer executive functioning; it only reports an association between HGI and decreased DSST scores and separately mentions executive function impairment in the study’s discussion.; The packet does not support the claim that “lower scores are associated with poorer executive functioning” specifically for a “symbol-substitution test”; while the text mentions executive function impairment in relation to HGI generally, it does not explicitly link DSST score direction to executive functioning.; The packet supports Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) as a cognition scale in older adults, but it does not support calling the symbol-substitution test a distinct cognitive assessment that 'uses the DSST format.'","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Ge Liang; Guo Yapeng; Xu Xiangjun; Xu Junfeng; Hu Menghan. Association between hemoglobin glycation index and cognitive function: Evidence in the elderly. 2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0338613; article XML SHA-256 3085eaaf07970013106fde592e276a54510c0eb713825fcdc653a871749d57bc. “Association between hemoglobin glycation index and cognitive function: Evidence in the elderly” (10.1371/journal.pone.0338613).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"e2b6e290ad6559671d8c890ba69b0bf3eb5483e20f36c0ad0e24dcfe33d5e665","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0338613","revision":"2026; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0338613; article XML SHA-256 3085eaaf07970013106fde592e276a54510c0eb713825fcdc653a871749d57bc","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc13178853","source_snapshot_sha256":"3085eaaf07970013106fde592e276a54510c0eb713825fcdc653a871749d57bc","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0338613"}],"status":"dropped","term":"symbol-substitution test"},{"id":"symbolic-logic","reason":"The definition says it “appears as the kind of logic treated in George Boole’s pioneering mathematical work…”. The packet only anchors Boole as an English mathematician/logician and notes that his work *An Investigation into the Laws of Thought* was the first elaborate treatise in mathematical or symbolic logic; it does not support the characterization “pioneering” or explicitly frames the term as “the kind of logic treated” (beyond that general anchor).; The definition states: “Symbolic logic is a mathematical form of logic, using symbols to express thought and reasoning.” The provided packet does not define symbolic logic or describe it as using symbols to express thought/reasoning.; The phrase \"using symbols to express thought and reasoning\" is not supported by the packet; the source only identifies Boole’s work as an early treatise in \"mathematical or symbolic logic.\"","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Boole, George” (Boole, George).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"ecd1424e205b25fd9ce26bb1e922560fa65f86c30ee60ee01961578071ca63ef","record_id":"Boole, George","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"8dd133c4cfa41d8e9710b5539cf59238665be3d7c993f2c9737761ce338b513e","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/B2defs.htm#Boole, George"}],"status":"dropped","term":"symbolic logic"},{"id":"symbolization","reason":"The packet does not define the term “symbolization” itself as a general concept (“learned use of signs or symbols”); it only uses the phrase “acquired system of symbolization” in describing speech processes.; The packet entry is for “Asemia or Asemasia,” not for “symbolization” as the head term, so the requested sense is not directly supported by the source record.; The source describes an “acquired system of symbolization” as part of speech, but it does not define symbolization itself as the learned use of signs or symbols.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Asemia or Asemasia” (Asemia or Asemasia).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"99f44e2c2240aa4ca0fbab31a5ced8df3b84b1bcab8670f0910f545a9c5cfaaf","record_id":"Asemia or Asemasia","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"3080439997a24e7c6c40f6041855e46b506dddf3e7233aab182df3138865ab0e","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A5defs.htm#Asemia or Asemasia"}],"status":"dropped","term":"symbolization"},{"id":"sympathy","reason":"Although the packet states that sympathy is “usually nonobjective and noncritical” and notes caring in the context of the empathy description, the specific full wording of the provided definition (“response to another person’s feelings or behavior”) is not directly supported by the packet.; The comparison “less objective and less critical than empathy” is not supported by the packet’s wording and reverses the source relation, which distinguishes empathy from sympathy.; The definition states “generally caring” as a characterization of sympathy; the packet explicitly links caring to the empathy description, while sympathy is only distinguished by being nonobjective/noncritical, so the “caring” element for sympathy is not clearly and explicitly supported.; The packet defines empathy, not sympathy; it only mentions sympathy as usually nonobjective and noncritical, so the submitted definition targets the wrong sense/term.; The packet text describes empathy as an objective awareness of another person’s feelings and behavior, and only contrasts sympathy as typically nonobjective and noncritical; it does not explicitly define sympathy as a “response” to another person’s feelings or behavior.; “Response to another person’s feelings or behavior” and “generally caring” are not supported by the packet.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Empathy” (D004645).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"1a74e730f13fd64172bdb0062b1180ac0970b5c441f38625d07de1d55959a980","record_id":"D004645","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D004645"}],"status":"dropped","term":"sympathy"},{"id":"tense","reason":"Adds “pressure,” which is not supported by the source text.; The definition adds “often” to qualify how the sensation is marked; this frequency qualifier is not supported by the packet text.; The packet supports “mental or emotional strain” and “suspense,” but does not mention “pressure.”; The wording “often marked by” introduces an unsupported frequency/typicality claim beyond the packet’s plain definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Tension” (C95502).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"d0fb2a571f8eb7f0d270096f8c993dd1ddf2e682eb6e85307369a6117750717e","record_id":"C95502","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"tense"},{"id":"tension","reason":"Adds “pressure,” which is not supported by the source packet.; Recasts the source’s “feeling” as a “state” without support from the packet.; The packet text supports “mental or emotional strain or suspense,” but it does not mention “pressure,” which is added in the definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Tension” (C95502).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"b7fbda9b4dd633c2a0caffa48ad827494fb8bbffac22276fd46e34e29c184ffa","record_id":"C95502","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"tension"},{"id":"testimony","reason":"Field mismatch: the packet text defines “expert testimony” in the context of forensic psychiatry (legal aspects), not as a “diagnosis.”; Some claims are not fully supported as written: the packet only mentions “expert testimony” as part of forensic psychiatry/legal aspects, but does not specify that it is “given to a court,” nor that it is explicitly “part of forensic psychiatry” in the way the definition frames (the link is implied by “Forensic Psychiatry,” but the court-specific wording is not explicit in the provided text.; The packet is a descriptor for forensic psychiatry, not a definition of the standalone term “testimony,” so the requested sense is not established by the source.; “Evidence given to a court” is broader than the packet’s wording, which only explicitly mentions “expert testimony” and related legal issues in psychiatry.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Forensic Psychiatry” (D005555).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"20b1a0f68be6ca7ea9932bbf0f02d8cb0f08c8ee62446f56a9f92695fdec1feb","record_id":"D005555","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D005555"}],"status":"dropped","term":"testimony"},{"id":"thanatophobia","reason":"The definition adds a second sense (“abnormal or pathological dread of dying”), but the packet only defines thanatophobia as “A morbid fear of death” and does not state this fear is specifically an abnormal/pathological dread of dying.; The definition text is longer/less constrained than required (it includes an extra historical-sense characterization not supported by the packet).; The packet supports “a morbid fear of death,” but not specifically “a dread of dying.”; The second sentence adds interpretive wording (“abnormal or pathological”) that is not stated in the source, which only says “morbid fear of death.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-3244500-3256500).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"117805375289791f8323b5afdcf20338026084f05c1e2901853f3b8aadd73195","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-3244500-3256500","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"33038e8e84860e0b9fb5c5a641f89b23a9a7cf4e7757d4aac532fb6af44cee85","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"thanatophobia"},{"id":"thematic-analysis","reason":"The definition claims thematic analysis examines both “written or spoken material”; the packet only describes examining article sections (e.g., Abstract, Methods, Discussion) and extracting narratives/data from written scientific papers, with no support for “spoken” material.; The packet supports only that a thematic analysis was performed on scientific narratives about sample size; it does not support the broader general definition that thematic analysis is a method for examining written or spoken material by extracting passages and analyzing them for patterns or themes.; The second sentence is too specific for the packet as provided: it adds an external description of the source’s use that goes beyond the quoted passage and is not directly supported by it.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"BMC: Characterising and justifying sample size sufficiency in interview-based studies. Version of record 2018-11-21; DOI 10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7. “Characterising and justifying sample size sufficiency” (05ea0554db4e6d0f11b4).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"fdfbcbb13f779586bbd73b26f79a4e47e9eaf332697037bbddc768aa292779db","record_id":"05ea0554db4e6d0f11b4","revision":"Version of record 2018-11-21; DOI 10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"bmc","source_snapshot_sha256":"1f6fe691baa1384ea433b1d0f18da3b81e9dd580f95743fabfd165cf04ed1285","url":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12874-018-0594-7"}],"status":"dropped","term":"thematic analysis"},{"id":"thumb-sucking","reason":"Because the meaning “sucking on the thumb” is not explicitly supported in the provided packet text, the first substantive claim is unsupported.; The definition adds an interpretive relationship that is not stated in the packet, so the sense is slightly overstated.; The packet does not explicitly define what “thumb sucking” means (it only states that the concept should not be used in this record for “thumb sucking,” which is indexed under “fingersucking”).; The source supports thumb sucking as a behavior involving sucking on the thumb, but it does not support the claim that this source treats it as a type of finger sucking; it only says thumb sucking is indexed under fingersucking.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), 2026 descriptor edition. “Sucking Behavior” (D013391).","licence":"public-domain-US-government","licence_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/download/terms_and_conditions_mesh.html","packet_hash":"408f0525945a25d7b1ab35a205642e71f56e4b81b2ac7cfd2a0478e747e5ec06","record_id":"D013391","revision":"2026 descriptor edition","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"mesh-2026","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4339837e5ce728d59229737271179cfc45f7c4c2318205c617937116f54440b","url":"https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D013391"}],"status":"dropped","term":"thumb sucking"},{"id":"tofranil","reason":"The definition adds a brand-name relationship that is not supported by the supplied source text.; The definition states that “Tofranil is a brand name for imipramine hydrochloride,” but the provided packet text does not explicitly link the name “Tofranil” to imipramine (it only describes “imipramine hydrochloride”).; The definition’s content is largely about the pharmacology and effects of imipramine, but the packet does not provide any cognition-specific framing; as written, the definition is not well-aligned with the requested field (“cognition”).; The packet supports imipramine hydrochloride and its pharmacologic effects, but it does not state that Tofranil is a brand name for that substance.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Imipramine Hydrochloride” (C29116).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"cec851c7364ce4c8614c2a989bcca08222e83683261734261dd93b5a7a90eaaf","record_id":"C29116","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Tofranil"},{"id":"tonal-sensation","reason":"The definition slightly overstates the sense by presenting it as simply the conscious hearing of a tone or sound-pitch; the packet frames this as an experimental example of a tonal sensation in a historical psychology text, not a general settled definition.; The definition’s first sentence contains substantive explanatory claims not supported anywhere in the provided packet text.; The packet does not define “tonal sensation” as “the conscious hearing of a tone or sound-pitch.” It only mentions the phrase in connection with Fechner’s experiment using a tuning-fork.; The packet does not state that tonal sensation “may fade from awareness even while the physical stimulation is still being considered.” It only describes that the tonal sensation has entirely ceased before removing the fork, followed by hearing a faint tone when the fork is brought to the ear again.; The second sentence adds an unsupported claim: the packet’s tuning-fork example only says the tonal sensation can cease and a faint tone may later return; it does not say the experience fades while the physical stimulation is still being considered.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-4095000-4107000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"6261dfd119a078321960a2a08d80f217dd080fcfeb1f666901c48d3061302857","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-4095000-4107000","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"tonal sensation"},{"id":"total-recall","reason":"The packet does not explicitly define “total recall” as bringing back an associate “as a whole” rather than “in part” or by narrowed features. The passage only suggests alternative labels (“Total recall, partial recall, and focalized recall, of associates, would be better terms”) without stating the “whole vs part” meaning in those terms.; The packet supports that James proposed “total recall” as a better term and that it nearly matches “association by similarity,” but it does not explicitly support the added gloss that one mental item brings back another “as a whole” rather than “only in part” or by a “narrowed feature.”; The wording “in this historical psychology usage” is broader than the packet, which only shows James’s proposed nomenclature in a specific text passage, not a settled historical usage.; While the packet does support a connection between James’s wording and “association by similarity” (it discusses “association by similarity” and explains a choice of terminology), the specific claim that “total recall” is a proposed label for a recall type “closely overlapping” that process is not stated with enough precision to fully support the definition as written.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"William James, Principles of Psychology, volume 1. 1890 original; Gutenberg ebook 57628; snapshot required. “William James, The Principles of Psychology, volume 1, 1890” (fca72454f1995c69b072).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/57628","packet_hash":"4d14d818ad44c3944c967e8c9f747323f868c3c896272f581d01c6662726eeaa","record_id":"fca72454f1995c69b072","revision":"1890 original; Gutenberg ebook 57628; snapshot required","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"james-1890","source_snapshot_sha256":"fb845d8bb07487d4cc6d14acd03104bf98cc22dcff8a877400b1534f36af37ae","url":"https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/57628.txt.utf-8"}],"status":"dropped","term":"total recall"},{"id":"ultimate-cause","reason":"The definition’s phrase “highest or last explanatory source” is not explicitly supported by the packet text provided.; The definition’s wording that it is “treated as the source of all motion” is supported only in the specific Aristotelian discussion noted in the packet, but the rest of the definition overgeneralizes beyond what the packet directly says.; The opening gloss, “the highest or last explanatory source to which other causes are traced back,” is an unsupported generalization not stated in the packet.; The packet supports only the Aristotelian link between “ultimate final cause” and “the ultimate cause of all motion”; it does not support a broader historical definition of “ultimate cause” in general.; While the packet does state that Aristotle’s ultimate final cause was regarded as also the ultimate cause of all motion, it does not define “ultimate cause” as “the highest or last explanatory source” in general terms.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Cause and Effect” (Cause and Effect).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"db6c22b864a2acfbb18c2e8580f3fdcae4bfbbd6ec975cea447ae8a80f32bd27","record_id":"Cause and Effect","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; 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original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, 1901. 1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18. “Apokatastasis” (Apokatastasis).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/","packet_hash":"db4758c69cad06f7211c28a87b53f8406b725f98ddf4d1e8191172868e1ad169","record_id":"Apokatastasis","revision":"1901 New York Macmillan original; archive index checked 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1901","source_snapshot_sha256":"f4927c23af9f8634f81fb0f69aa3aeaf9cbb28d0eb46fd02788ecd81d7864600","url":"https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Baldwin/Dictionary/defs/A4defs.htm#Apokatastasis"}],"status":"dropped","term":"universalism"},{"id":"unsociable","reason":"\"Withdrawn\" is an added paraphrase not directly supported by the packet; the passage supports only that subjects may become \"unsociable,\" not that they are specifically becoming withdrawn.; Because the packet provides no fuller definition, the reader can only infer a general sense of “unsociable” from the adjective’s context, but the definition’s more specific paraphrase (“mix with other people”) goes beyond what is clearly supported by the supplied text.; The packet only contains the usage “moody, unsociable, impatient…” and does not explicitly state the meaning as “not inclined to mix with other people,” so that specific phrasing is not directly supported.; The second sentence makes an unsupported meta-claim about the packet’s coverage; the source passage only shows \"unsociable\" in a descriptive list and does not establish that no fuller definition is provided.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine. 1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96. “Tuke, A Dictionary of Psychological Medicine” (dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-3360000-3372000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke/dictionaryofpsyc01tuke_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"07a3e1d7a36eff288ba2a73671ed9168e664767a373f64d9df23ad4fb04ff75e","record_id":"dictionaryofpsyc02tuke:chars-3360000-3372000","revision":"1892 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 7ec833f3f4ff2826cb5eba1722a767adae625ac9f49f83035a464dc975564f96","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"tuke-1892","source_snapshot_sha256":"33038e8e84860e0b9fb5c5a641f89b23a9a7cf4e7757d4aac532fb6af44cee85","url":"https://archive.org/download/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke/dictionaryofpsyc02tuke_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"unsociable"},{"id":"utopia","reason":"The packet does not support the claim that “utopia” was coined by Sir Thomas More; no mention of Thomas More appears in the supplied excerpt.; The packet supports only that “UTOPIA” relates to an “ideal social condition,” but it does not clearly support the additional phrasing that it is “a picture of perfected social order rather than an actually existing community.”; The packet supports only the general sense “ideal social condition”; it does not clearly support the added claim that utopia was coined by Sir Thomas More.; The phrase “rather than an actually existing community” is not stated in the packet and goes beyond the supplied definition.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II. 1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd. “Baldwin, Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, volume II” (philopsych02balduoft:chars-4221000-4233000).","licence":"public-domain-US","licence_url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt","packet_hash":"f98819778ac38070d3758b55d805c8a92b4b25414e7ae41a1b265984fd95f60b","record_id":"philopsych02balduoft:chars-4221000-4233000","revision":"1902 original US edition; OCR SHA-256 b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"baldwin-1902-v2","source_snapshot_sha256":"b86b5dbbaa0a0b3ecf6c8b0a089a7ca5409b9bac4e6481cba91c99bba16f31bd","url":"https://archive.org/download/philopsych02balduoft/philopsych02balduoft_djvu.txt"}],"status":"dropped","term":"utopia"},{"id":"validity-criterion","reason":"The added sleep-duration example is too specific and is not a definition of the term itself; it imports study details rather than defining the concept generally.; The definition’s framing about “evaluating how closely a self-report measure…corresponds to a more accurate underlying sleep measure” is only indirectly supported by the packet’s description of criterion validity using the method of triads and a “true” latent sleep duration measure, but the packet does not establish this as the meaning of the term “validity criterion” itself.; The packet does not define “validity criterion” as a general “standard for judging whether a measure accurately reflects the thing it is meant to assess”; it only mentions “validity criterion” in the study’s aims without providing a definition for the term.; The packet supports criterion validity, not the noun phrase validity criterion; the requested sense is therefore not clearly established.; The packet supports sleep-measurement validation approaches (triads with questionnaire, Daysimeter, and sleep diary; objective comparators), but the definition’s general-purpose wording (“validity criterion” as a standard) goes beyond what is explicitly stated or definitional in the provided text.; The wording about a measure 'accurately reflects the thing it is meant to assess' is broader than the packet’s support, which is limited to comparing questionnaire, reference, and objective measures via the method of triads.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Donzella Sidney M; Masters Matthew; Phipps Amanda I; Patel Alpa V; Zhong Charlie. Validity of self-reported sleep duration in the Cancer Prevention Study– 3. 2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0307409; article XML SHA-256 4ab58d40e835c314d4e720225dfbd96e21a6ae2c44a4f2ee2a922cf8c4709818. “Validity of self-reported sleep duration in the Cancer Prevention Study– 3” (10.1371/journal.pone.0307409).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"cad59655d643f318ce87683eb07cc90c9a6191ade88b018f4c24e395d549bc1e","record_id":"10.1371/journal.pone.0307409","revision":"2024; DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0307409; article XML SHA-256 4ab58d40e835c314d4e720225dfbd96e21a6ae2c44a4f2ee2a922cf8c4709818","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11329134","source_snapshot_sha256":"4ab58d40e835c314d4e720225dfbd96e21a6ae2c44a4f2ee2a922cf8c4709818","url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0307409"}],"status":"dropped","term":"validity criterion"},{"id":"verbal-comprehension-index","reason":"Because the definition includes that “reflects verbal comprehension,” this substantive claim is not explicitly supported by the provided packet text.; The definition adds a general description of the index’s meaning that is not supported by the supplied source packet.; The packet does not state that the Wechsler Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) “reflects verbal comprehension”; it only names the index and reports that GC’s highest mean scores were for the VCI.; The packet supports that the gifted children’s highest mean Wechsler score was the WISC Verbal Comprehension Index, but it does not state that this index specifically reflects verbal comprehension.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"Lesecq Laurent; Querne Laurent; Gornes Julie; Buffo Laura; Corbel Louise; Le Moing Anne Gaelle; Berquin Patrick; Bourdin Béatrice. Do gifted children without specific learning disabilities read more efficiently than typically developing children?. 2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1436710; article XML SHA-256 2220b7c6d78d27da1bb6ff3512ad1955dfed586547af61e583e1a63d78ea4998. “Do gifted children without specific learning disabilities read more efficiently than typically developing children?” (10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1436710).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"5878a13b6aca43bd2a3dac304b8260a8b9ad5f8ade7f7969970f02d9cbb65c93","record_id":"10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1436710","revision":"2024; DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1436710; article XML SHA-256 2220b7c6d78d27da1bb6ff3512ad1955dfed586547af61e583e1a63d78ea4998","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"article-pmc11464429","source_snapshot_sha256":"2220b7c6d78d27da1bb6ff3512ad1955dfed586547af61e583e1a63d78ea4998","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1436710"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Verbal Comprehension Index"},{"id":"vigor","reason":"It also presents a relational claim about vigor being maintained alongside muscle coordination and emotional calm, but the packet supports that relationship for valine, not for vigor itself.; The definition adds a gloss (“mental vitality or energy”) that is not explicitly defined in the packet; the packet only says valine “maintains mental vigor, muscle coordination, and emotional calm.”; The packet is about valine, not the term vigor, so the requested sense is not supported by the source record.; The packet never explicitly defines “vigor” as “mental vitality or energy”; it only uses the phrase “mental vigor” in relation to valine, without stating what the term means.; The “energy” aspect in the definition is not directly tied to the meaning of “vigor” in the packet; the packet separately mentions that valine supplements are used for “energy.”","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. 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Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Hydroxyzine Pamoate” (C47560).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"0351c9cf726b5df50dd755d3c871ae0207ff4107d63e2e03196f916a7873b34d","record_id":"C47560","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"Vistaril"},{"id":"visual-analogue-scale","reason":"The definition claims it measures “subjective symptoms or experiences.” The packet supports “subjective characteristics or symptoms,” but does not mention “experiences.”; The definition says it “works by asking the person to mark a position along a continuous line.” The packet only states it relies on a continuum of possible result values between two fixed end-points; it does not explicitly describe the method as “mark a position” or as a “line.”; The description of how it works by ‘asking the person to mark a position along a continuous line’ is not stated in the packet; the packet only says it relies on a continuum of possible values between two fixed end-points.; The packet supports a psychometric response scale for assessing subjective characteristics or symptoms, but it does not explicitly support the broader claim that it measures subjective ‘experiences.’","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"NCI Thesaurus. Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18. “Visual Analog Scale” (C121547).","licence":"CC-BY-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","packet_hash":"c070fc5a79f20c9e78b7ceb04a02121fe790075955f8cd69afd48a864e8d9064","record_id":"C121547","revision":"Flat export snapshot 2026-10-18","role":"draft_basis","role_label":"Drafting source","source":"ncit","source_snapshot_sha256":"b27ca135beadd46c343d248135377c5077c5447fe11b93803bfab866b84fcd38","url":"https://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/NCI_Thesaurus/Thesaurus.FLAT.zip"}],"status":"dropped","term":"visual analogue scale"},{"id":"visual-cycle","reason":"The clause “so the system can be used again” is not explicitly stated or directly supported; the packet only says energy-requiring enzyme-catalyzed reactions convert 11-trans-retinal back to the cis form.; The definition is more expansive than the packet and turns a descriptor entry for a molecule into a definition of the entire visual cycle.; The definition says the shape change “starts visual signaling”; the packet says the shape change “trigger[s] the visual process,” but does not explicitly support the term “visual signaling.”; The definition states that “retinal” is “the light-sensitive part of rhodopsin”; the packet describes 11-cis-retinal as the prosthetic group of rhodopsin and the active component of the visual cycle, but does not explicitly call it “the light-sensitive part.”; The opening claim that the visual cycle is the light-driven process in vision is not directly supported by the packet; the packet only states that visible light converts 11-cis-retinal to 11-trans-retinal as part of rhodopsin’s response.; The packet describes retinal/retinaldehyde as the active component of the visual cycle, not the visual cycle itself, so the definition uses the wrong sense of the term.","sources":[{"adaptation_notice":"Definition uses new wording; original source retains its stated licence.","citation":"U.S. National Library of Medicine. 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